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Biomedical subjects

A Itoh

Publications and source records attributed to A Itoh.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Recurrent epicardial fibrosarcoma which arose 12 years after the first resection.

Primary malignant tumours of the heart are very rare, with an incidence of only 0.0017%-0.03% in consecutive autopsy series. Fibrosarcoma of the heart is also rare, representing only about 0.3% of all cardiac tumours. We observed a case of epicardial fibrosarcoma which developed 12 years after the first resection of an epicardial tumour. A 31-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of fatigue, nausea and right back pain. She had had surgery to resect an epicardial tumour when she was 19 years old. On admission, there was a huge, heterogeneous tumour on the right inferior side of the heart. At surgery, the tumour was totally resected and a pathological diagnosis of fibrosarcoma was made. The patient was free of symptoms for 6 months, but died of a recurrence 11 months after the operation. It is postulated that the epicardial tumour had only been partially resected and had been latent for a rather long period but began to grow rapidly 12 years after the initial resection.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Enhanced expression of CD2 antigen on lung T cells.

CD2 molecules not only function in the adhesion of T cells to other cell types but also in the activation of T cells via an alternative pathway. To investigate the possible roles of CD2 molecules in the activation and accumulation of lung T cells, using monoclonal antibodies and a flow cytometer we evaluated CD2 antigen expression on lung and blood lymphocytes in 10 normal subjects, 30 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis, 7 patients with interstitial pneumonia associated with collagen vascular disease, 5 patients with farmer's lung disease, and 8 patients with Crohn's disease. The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD2 on lung T cells obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was significantly higher than that on blood T cells in all study groups except the control group. In patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis this enhancement of the expression of CD2 antigen was observed only on CD4+ T cells. Since ligands for CD2 are present on immunocompetent cells of other types in the local pulmonary milieu, these results suggest that increased expression of CD2 molecules could facilitate the communication and interaction of lung T cells with their environment in the lung and thereby possibly contribute to the local accumulation of T cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Treatment of vestibular disorders.

At our department, we generally perform inner ear anesthesia with lidocaine and intratympanic dexamethasone injection for treatment of patients with Menière's disease or labyrinthine vertigo due to circulatory disturbances of the inner ear, having failed other conservative treatments. These treatments were performed in 322 patients who consulted us during the past 7 years, including 136 patients with Menière's disease and 186 patients with labyrinthine vertigo. The criteria for evaluation of the therapeutic effect included the AAOO (1972), the AAO-HNS (1985) and Sakata's (1987) method. Both therapeutic methods were effective not only for the inhibition of vertiginous attacks, but also for the treatment of tinnitus. In the overall evaluation of therapeutic effect, dexamethasone injection was more effective than inner ear anesthesia in cases of Menière's disease whereas inner ear anesthesia was more effective than dexamethasone injection in cases of labyrinthine vertigo. When the three methods of evaluation were compared, the rate of positive effect increased in this order: the AAOO method showed fewer positive effects than the AAO-HNS method, and fewer than or equal to Sakata's method. For example in cases of Menière's disease that are resistant to drug therapy, these two therapeutic methods appear to be worthwhile before attempting surgical treatment for refractory vertigo.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1991

YS-822A, a new polyene macrolide antibiotic. II. Planar structure of YS-822A.

The planar structure of a new polyene macrolide antibiotic, YS-822A, which was isolated from the culture filtrate of a mutant strain H-8 of Streptoverticillium eurocidicum var. asterocidicus S-822, was established as I on the basis of spectroscopic evidences and by comparison spectroscopic data with nystatin A1 (II) and amphotericin A (III), representative polyene macrolide antibiotics. Molecular formula of YS-822A was established as C37H59NO14 (MW 741) by elemental analysis, NMR, and FAB mass spectra. The UV spectrum of YS-822A was very similar to that of nystatin A1, suggesting that YS-822A also has a conjugated all-trans-tetraene moiety. 1H and 13C NMR spectra of YS-822A showed a number of broad and overlapped signals, but the 1H-1H and 13C-1H COSY spectra implied the existence of a mycosamine moiety and several other partial structures. The connectivity of these partial structures was established by extensive 2D NMR experiments, including homonuclear Hartmann-Hahn and heteronuclear multiple-bond connectivity measurements, which led to the determination of the gross planar structure of YS-822A as I.

Amphotericin B↗
PubMed1991

[Genetic factors and smoking habits].

To investigate whether genetic factors are involved in the maintenance of smoking habits, we examined restriction fragment length polymorphisms of cytochrome P-450 gene (P450 IIB1), one of the metabolizing enzymes of nicotine. The presence or the absence of polymorphic bands detected after digestion with Bam HI or Msp I was not related to smoking habits, the subjective degree of fondness for smoking and the subjective strength of addiction to smoking. Thus, we found no evidence for the involvement of this gene or adjacent gene(s) in the determination of smoking habits.

Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical study of drug accumulation in gastric cancer after preoperative intra-arterial EAP II injection therapy].

Preoperative intra-arterial injection therapy using etoposide, epirubicin and carboplatin (EAP II) was done for patients with resectable advanced gastric cancer. Twenty-six patients (14 males and 12 females) were treated. The concentrations of adriamycin (ADM) and platinum (Pt) were measured in cancer tissue, normal mucosa and regional lymph-nodes which were obtained operatively and in sera just before operation. But the concentration of etoposide was not measured, because when we used preoperative intra-arterial injection therapy using etoposide, epirubicin and cisplatin (EAP I), the mean concentration of etoposide was less than the detectable limit in all tissues and in sera. There were no significant differences among the mean concentrations of ADM in all tissues and in sera. And the mean concentration of ADM in cancer tissue was not higher than that of intra-arterial EAP I injection therapy. The mean concentration of platinum in sera was significantly lower than in cancer tissues, normal mucosa and lymph-nodes. And the mean concentrations of platinum in cancer tissues and lymph-nodes were higher than those of intra-arterial CDDP or EAP I injection therapy. It was concluded that preoperative intra-arterial EAP II injection therapy may be an effective method to improve the usefulness of preoperative intra-arterial injection therapy for gastric cancer.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical effect of miconazole gel against upper digestive tract mycosis].

A total of 43 patients, comprising 41 patients with oral candidiasis and 2 with esophageal candidiasis, were treated with miconazole (MCZ) gel to assess its efficacy and safety in treating upper digestive tract mycosis. The efficacy of the drug was evaluable in 33 of them, consisting of 32 patients with oral candidiasis and 1 with esophageal candidiasis. The clinical efficacy rate of the drug against oral candidiasis was 87.5% (28/32 patients), and the clinical response was good in the 1 evaluable patient with esophageal candidiasis. The safety of the drug was assessed in 40 patients. In 3 (7.5%) of them, nausea occurred as an adverse event, but was not particularly serious in any of them. No abnormal laboratory test values caused by the drug were observed. The results suggested that MCZ gel would be a very useful drug in treating oral and esophageal candidiasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor mRNA by inflammatory cells in the sarcoid lung.

T lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages accumulating in the lower respiratory tract of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis are known to be activated to produce several cytokines, presumably leading to granuloma formation within the lung. We hypothesized that these cells produce colony-stimulating factors (CSFs), which have been shown to affect the proliferation and function of monocyte-/macrophage-lineage cells. To test this hypothesis, we tried to detect mRNA encoding CSFs in cells obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) mRNA was detected in five of six patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis, whereas it was detected in none of the five normal controls. Macrophage-CSF mRNA was detected in all subjects examined, and interleukin-3 mRNA in none. These results suggest some relation of GM-CSF to sarcoid lesion formation.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Modulation of accessory molecules on lung T cells.

Stimulation of T cells via the CD3/TCR complex is associated with the reduced expression of accessory molecules, a phenomenon called modulation. To investigate whether the modulation is implicated in the pathogenic mechanism of pulmonary disease, we determined the MFI of CD3, CD4 and CD8 on lung and blood lymphocytes in ten normal subjects and 54 patients with various pulmonary and extrapulmonary diseases. Although there were no significant differences in MFI of these accessory molecules on lung lymphocytes among the groups, MFI of CD3 on lung lymphocytes was significantly decreased compared with that on blood lymphocytes in all groups, demonstrating the modulation of CD3 on lung lymphocytes. Since it has been shown that T cells whose CD3/TCR is modulated are hyporesponsive to various mitogenic signals, our observation seems to represent another aspect of the mechanism whereby the local pulmonary milieu maintains the autoregulation of immune response.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Study of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 for prevention of stress ulcer after hepatectomy of experimental cirrhotic liver and its influence on hepatic regeneration.

The influence of 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (16,16-dm PGE2; an agent used for the prevention of stress ulcer after hepatectomy of the cirrhotic liver) on liver regeneration after hepatectomy was studied in rats. The following results were obtained. Ulceration after the stress of 6 h of water immersion was markedly suppressed in rats treated with 30 r/kg of 16,16-dmPGE2 as compared with the untreated controls. In animals that received hepatectomy alone, the gastric pH and gastric mucosal blood flow showed significant reduction from the preoperative levels. In animals that received hepatectomy plus 16,16-dmPGE2 treatment the postoperative reduction in the gastric pH and gastric mucosal blood flow was suppressed, suggesting the effectiveness of 16,16-dmPGE2 treatment in the prevention of stress ulcer after hepatectomy of the cirrhotic liver. The 3H-thymidine uptake percentage and thymidine activity 24 h after hepatectomy and the DNA content 30 h after hepatectomy were significantly higher in animals treated with 16,16-dmPGE2 than in the untreated controls. In animals that were treated intraperitoneally with 50 mg/kg of indomethacin 6 h before hepatectomy the mitotic index 30 h after hepatectomy was markedly lower than that in untreated controls. This indomethacin-induced reduction in the mitotic index tended to be normalized by treatment with 16,16-dmPGE2. These results suggest that 16,16-dmPGE2 treatment effectively prevents stress ulcer and favorably affects hepatic regeneration after hepatectomy of the cirrhotic liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

YS-822A, a new polyene macrolide antibiotic. I. Production, isolation, characterization and biological properties.

A new polyene macrolide antibiotic, YS-822A was isolated from the culture filtrate of a mutant strain H-8 of Streptoverticillium eurocidicum var. asterocidicus S-822. Whereas the original S-822 strain produced not only YS-822 substances but also teleocidin as by-product which is well-known as a strong carcinogenic promoter, the mutagenized H-8 strain produced the antibiotic with only a trace amount of teleocidin. Chemical and biological characterizations of the antibiotic revealed that YS-822A (molecular formula: C37H59NO14) is a new polyene macrolide with a wide antifungal spectrum and a low acute toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

A case of a salivary calculus containing a limb of a shrimp--the structural analysis.

This study describes a case of a salivary calculus which contained the limb of a shrimp. Pathological findings seemed to show a stratiform structure of calculus around the foreign body at the center. However, when the cut surface of the salivary calculus was examined by a scanning electron microscope, it was suspected that the origin of the calculus was in another area next to the foreign body. As a result, it became clear that the foreign body was not the core, but that the core of the salivary calculus was somewhere else, and that the earlier foreign body theory needed to be reconsidered. As to the foreign body, the patient remembered eating a shrimp, which was probably the foreign body in question. The findings obtained from the analysis of other shrimp limb specimens were structurally similar. Therefore the suspicion that the foreign body was indeed the limb of a shrimp was increased.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A case of mixed connective tissue disease associated with uncommon acute myopathy caused by isolated muscle epithelioid granuloma].

The patient is 48 year-old female who has been followed as MCTD with nonsteroidal therapies for 18 years. Sometimes she has been attached by focal severe muscle pain. One year ago, she had general myalgia associated with high fever and arthralgia. The results of the examination, aldolase, GOT, GPT, gamma-GTP, CRP and leucocyte were increased. Muscle biopsy showed noncaseating epithelioid granuloma being in contact with enlarged injected vessels. Out of tough with granuloma, a few fibre necroses, fibrosis of muscle, and degeneration of collagen fiber were recognized. After treatment of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents, her every complain was removed. Her muscle looks normal herself. MCTD has myopathy caused by inflammatory infiltrates and fibre necroses. But granulomatous myositis is very rare. It is difficult to differentiate our case from sarcoidosis, especially acute isolated muscle sarcoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Effects of dopamine on stress ulcer].

Preventive effect of dopamine on stress ulcer formation was investigated in rats. Dopamine 1-10 micrograms/kg/min suppressed the elevation of ulcer index significantly after water immersion and restraint stress in a dose-dependent fashion, however ulcer indices of 25 micrograms/kg/min of dopamine were higher than 10 micrograms/kg/min. Dopamine 1-10 micrograms/kg/min suppressed the decrease of gastric mucosal blood flow, gastric mucosal prostaglandin E2 content and gastric transmucosal potential difference during stress loading in a dose-dependent manner, although the suppression of them in 25 micrograms/kg/min of dopamine was smaller than in 10 micrograms/kg/min also. Dopamine suppressed the increase of gastric acid secretion and gastric motility during stress loading in a dose-dependent fashion up to 25 micrograms/kg/min. These results indicates that dopamine suppresses the formation of stress ulcer by increasing defensive factors and decreasing aggressive factors.

Animals↗