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Biomedical subjects

A Ito

Publications and source records attributed to A Ito.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Monoclonal antibody against pertussis toxin: effect on toxin activity and pertussis infections.

Antibody-producing hybridomas of myeloma SP2/O and spleen cells of BALB/c mouse immunized with pertussis toxoid and pertussis toxin were selected by the binding ability of the monoclonal antibody to the subunit protein of the toxin. Two monoclonal antibodies, 1B7 and 3F10, specific for a subunit which has no binding activity to haptoglobin and sheep erythrocytes, named S1, and one antibody, 1H2, for a subunit related to the binding activity of the pertussis toxin molecule to haptoglobin or sheep erythrocytes, named S4, were examined for mouse protective activity against pertussis infection. Antibody 1B7 not only neutralized leukocytosis-promoting and islet-activating activities of the toxin but also protected mice against intracerebral and aerosol challenge with Bordetella pertussis. The antibody, furthermore, showed therapeutic effects on mice showing severe clinical signs with pertussis infection. The other two antibodies, 3F10 and 1H2, showed neither neutralizing nor protecting activity, nor significant synergistic effects on antibody 1B7.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Collagen and glycosaminoglycans in the human ovarian capsule with polycystic ovarian disease.

Connective tissue of human ovarian capsule with polycystic ovarian disease (PCO) is analyzed. The connective tissue components of the capsule were found to mainly consist of type I collagen and acid glycosaminoglycans, such as dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate, and chondroitin 4- and 6-sulfate. Although their concentration and constituent ratio in the PCO capsule are found to be similar to those in the normal, their total amounts in whole capsule with PCO are higher than in normal ones, because of the enlarged ovary and the thickened capsule. Furthermore, collagen solubility for pepsin in the PCO capsule is larger than that in the normal one. The results suggest that the activation of connective tissue metabolism in the ovarian capsule is one of the factors of anovulation in PCO.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Necrotic changes in prolactinomas after long term administration of bromocriptine.

Six prolactinoma patients were studied endocrinologically and their tumors were examined histologically after long term bromocriptine therapy. In patient 1 with a large prolactinoma, a marked reduction in size and a remarkable decrease in elevated serum PRL levels occurred after bromocriptine treatment for 8 months. The histological findings consisted of two components, i.e. shrunken island-like cell nests and acellular spaces. Some degenerative and necrotic tumor cells, hyaline substance, and fibrosis were observed with light and electron microscopy in these acellular spaces. Island-like cell nests consisted of atrophic cells having disproportionally scanty cytoplasm. The same histological findings were observed in four other patients. However, in another patient whose tumor decreased in size only slightly during bromocriptine therapy, the specimen had few acellular spaces. Thus, long term bromocriptine treatment of patients with prolactinomas may result in necrosis of some adenoma cells in some patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Influence of glucocorticoids on brain serotonin metabolism in rats.

It has been suggested brain serotonin (5HT) plays a role in regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system, although none of the experimental approaches so far reported has produced unequivocal results, mainly on account of the static tissue 5HT level or the known effects of drugs being employed in interpretation of their data. The present study in rats of the possible feedback influence of glucocorticoids on the brain 5HT was designed to analyze the dynamic turnover of its metabolism. Intracisternal injection of corticosterone (COR) caused no significant changes in 5HT content but increased its turnover dose-dependently in the cortex-cerebellum and the rostral brain stem including the hypothalamus, and lowered the serum COR level at doses less than 5.0 micrograms/kg, reducing its effect with increasing doses. Intracisternal or intraperitoneal administration of miliary doses of dexamethasone (DEX) decreased 5HT turnover in the same brain portions. The effects of glucocorticoids on the brain 5HT metabolism were more potent when injected intracisternally, especially onto the rostral brain stem. Although COR and DEX played controversial roles, the present results suggest that adrenal glucocorticoids may directly act on brain 5HT metabolism and there may be a feed-back relation between adrenal glucocorticoid and brain 5HT.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Effect of exercise on plasma cyclic AMP].

The purpose of this study was to confirm the relationship between cyclic AMP(cAMP) level in plasma and changes of hormones concentrations in blood, during and after physical exercise. The results were as follows: At rest, plasma cAMP were 23.1 p mole/ml on the average and decreased after glucose loading. The level in plasma increased in proportion to the intensity of exercises. Under the 50% condition of the maximal intensity, cAMP level in plasma was about 40 p mole/ml and the contents of both thyroxine and growth hormone in serum clearly increased. And, under the 70% of the maximal, the contents of both adrenaline and noradrenaline in serum as well as that of cAMP in plasma increased. Plasma cAMP level also increased by prolongation of exercise (ca 45 p mole/ml). And when exercise lasted over 1.5 hrs, plasma glucagon level began to rise. The effect of carbohydrate load to lower the levels of plasma cAMP were also found during physical exercise. These results suggested that the cAMP level in plasma was affected, not only by the some regulating factors of glycolytic activities such as adrenaline and glucagon, but also by the production of thyroxine and growth hormone at the onset of exercise.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Comparisons of the effects of vacuum-uv and far-uv synchrotron radiation on dry yeast cells of different uv sensitivities.

Far-uv-sensitive (rad l/rad l) and wild-type cells of diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae were irradiated in vacuum at 155, 170, 220, and 250 nm using synchrotron radiation (SR). Inactivation, gene conversion at leu l, and membrane damage as judged by methylene blue penetration were measured. Radiations of all these wavelengths killed dry yeast cells. In the vacuum uv, radiation at 155 and 170 nm induced membrane damage but not gene conversion, whereas far-uv radiation at 220 and 250 nm induced gene conversion but not membrane damage. The far-uv-sensitive strain showed no enhanced sensitivity to vacuum-uv radiation. These results indicate that damage to the cell membrane is considerably more important than to nuclear DNA for yeast cell inactivation by vacuum-uv radiation.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical evaluation of carbenicillin in a daily dose of 10 g in chronic airway infections].

Carbenicillin (CBPC) was evaluated in 4 patients with chronic airway infections and 2 with infections secondary to lung cancer. The daily dose of CBPC was 10 g for all patients. The following results were obtained. Three out of 4 patients with chronic airway infections showed good response. Both cases with infection secondary to lung cancer showed good response. The overall effectiveness rate was 83.3%. There were no side effects or abnormal laboratory values related to carbenicillin therapy. CBPC is still considered to be a drug of choice for the initial acute exacerbation of chronic airway infection and for infections secondary to lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The effects of pretreatment with stomach extract on the incidence of X-ray-induced gastric tumor in ICR mice.

The effect of crude stomach extracts (CSE) on X-ray-induced gastric tumorigenesis was examined. ICR mice were treated with two or four administrations of CSE at one-week intervals then irradiated with 20 Gy of X-rays one week after the final CSE administration. Unexpectedly, the incidence of X-ray-induced tumors was not significantly altered by two CSE pretreatments but was markedly reduced by four CSE pretreatments. Similarly, erosion and squamous metaplasia produced in the glandular stomach a week after X-irradiation were markedly diminished by four CSE pretreatments but not by two CSE pretreatments.

Adenocarcinoma↗