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Biomedical subjects

A Ito

Publications and source records attributed to A Ito.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Pharmacological studies of intravaginally applied dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHA-S)].

The ripening effect of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHA-S) on the uterine cervix was studied after intravaginal application. A 100-mg suppository containing 0, 5, 10 or 20% (w/w) DHA-S was applied to the vagina of pregnant rats 3 times on days 14-16 of gestation. Wet weight and water content of the uterine cervix increased dose-dependently. To measure the elasticity of the uterine cervix, the tension causing an expansion of 1 mm or 2 mm was determined; this was reduced by the application of 20% DHA-S, and the difference in the length of the cervix produced by tensions of 5 g and 25 g was increased. Application of 20% DHA-S decreased the collagen content of the uterine cervix and the total collagenase activity was increased. Furthermore, histochemical changes, coarsening and edema were observed in the uterine cervix. These findings suggest that intravaginal application of DHA-S would produce ripening effects similar to those after intravenous injection.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1991

Direct up-regulation of estrogen receptor by triiodothyronine in rat pituitary tumor MtT/F84.

To investigate a possible effect of triiodothyronine (T3) on the regulation of estrogen receptor, estrogen dependent rat pituitary tumor, MtT/F84, was studied in rats which received surgical thyroidectomy (Tx) or were given propylthiouracil (PTU) and were supplemented with T3. In T3 loaded rats, the grafted tumor showed high estrogen receptor levels (160-200% of control), whereas low estrogen receptor levels (20-35% of control) were observed in the tumors grown in Tx and PTU treated rats. A single injection of T3 to Tx rats with MtT/F84 increased the estrogen receptor level in a time dependent manner and reached the maximal level at 6 h. In primary culture of MtT/F84 cells, T3 increased the specific 3H-estrogen binding to tumor cells in a dose dependent manner (165% of control by 10(-7)M T3) and also in a time dependent (maximum at 12 h) manner. These data suggest that T3 directly up-regulates the estrogen receptor level in MtT/F84 cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Renal kinin and kallikrein excretion in cirrhotic patients.

Urinary kinin and urinary kallikrein activity were measured in 33 liver cirrhotics, and the values were correlated with the severity of the liver disease. A significant relationship was observed between urinary kinin excretion and urinary kallikrein excretion (r = 0.53; p less than 0.01). Both urinary kinin and kallikrein excretion were significantly lower in Child's group C than in Child's groups A and B (p less than 0.05) and showed positive correlations with serum albumin (r = 0.47, p less than 0.01 and r = 0.46, p less than 0.01, respectively). Increases in urinary kinin and kallikrein excretion after endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy were observed in 18 patients (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05, respectively). These results suggest that the renal kallikrein-kinin system in suppressed in severe liver disease in proportion to the severity of the underlying liver disease. In this study possible activation of this system after sclerotherapy was also demonstrated.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices↗
PubMed1991

Vaccine effect of intact metacestodes of Taenia crassiceps against T. taeniaeformis infection in rats.

Wistar rats inoculated intraperitoneally with 10 viable metacestodes of Taenia crassiceps without adjuvant once on day 0 showed strong resistance to challenge with 200 eggs of T. taeniaeformis on day 30. When rats were killed one month after challenge, there were 80.4% and 46.1% reductions in the number of cystic and total metacestodes of T. taeniaeformis in the liver, respectively. When five rats were killed 16 months after challenge, they showed almost complete immunity against the challenge, with 99.4% and 91.1% reductions in the number of cystic and total metacestodes, respectively. There were only a few degenerated, pin-point metacestodes of T. taeniaeformis in the liver of all five rats; one harbored one cystic metacestode as well. However, there were no such reductions in rats injected initially with cyst fluid antigens of T. crassiceps with Freund's complete adjuvant. An additional experiment was carried out using 500 eggs of T. taeniaeformis in order to confirm the vaccine effect against higher egg dose. There were 96.6%, 87.9%, 83.9%, and 79.3% reductions in the number of cystic metacestodes in rats initially inoculated with 10 viable, 10 formalized, and 10 frozen metacestodes, and injected with sodium deoxycholate-solubilized metacestode antigens, respectively. It is strongly suggested that rats singly dosed with 10 viable or non-viable, intact metacestodes of T. crassiceps without adjuvant became highly resistant to challenge infection with eggs of T. taeniaeformis, which resulted in almost no cystic metacestode establishment.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[An autopsy case of progressive supranuclear palsy with olivary hypertrophy].

Clinical and pathologic findings of an autopsy case of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) with a 7 year clinical course are described. The patient exhibited clinical findings of typical PSP, cerebellar signs and rhythmical myoclonus that was about 2 Hz and synchronous in the eyes, palate, and pharynx, which is so called palatal myoclonus. Pathological findings compatible with those in PSP i.e. loss of nerve cells, neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), and gliosis were found in the globus pallidum, thalamus, subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra, locus coeruleus, nucleus of Raphe, reticular formation, dentate nucleus, and inferior olives. Nerve cells in the nucleus basalis were preserved. Distinctive findings included marked degeneration of the dentate nucleus, prominent hypertrophy of the inferior olives, and atrophy and subcortical gliosis of the frontal lobe. Hypertrophy of the inferior olives and palatal myoclonus represent an unusual PSP. It is presumed hypoxic injury unmasked the palatal myoclonus in this setting of dentate nucleus and inferior olivary complex degeneration.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Iron balance following recombinant human erythropoietin therapy for anemia associated with chronic renal failure.

Erythrokinetic changes before and after rHuEPO therapy in 15 anemic patients with chronic renal failure undergoing maintenance hemodialysis were analyzed by means of ferrokinetics and measurement of red cell mass and survival. To estimate the change in iron status no exogenous iron was administered during the observation period unless a lack of response due to iron deficiency was confirmed. During 13-29 weeks of therapy there was an increase in red cell mass from 12.5 +/- 1.7 mg/kg to 20.1 +/- 3.6 ml/kg, compatible with the increase in hematocrit from 21.5% to 31.8%. In ferrokinetics the plasma iron disappearance time (t1/2) shortened from 163 +/- 44 min to 92 +/- 24 min. The plasma iron turnover rate rose from 0.39 +/- 0.10 mg/dl per day to 0.56 +/- 0.11 mg/dl per day. Serum ferritin levels were decreased from 160 +/- 115 ng/ml to 26 +/- 22 ng/ml, although there was only one patient showing poor response to rHuEPO because of iron deficiency. The increase in red cell volume correlated with the decrease in serum ferritin levels (p less than 0.02). There was no significant difference in these ferrokinetic parameters between transfused and non-transfused patients not only before, but also after, rHuEPO therapy. It is suggested that an elevation of about 8 ml/kg of red cell mass (approx. 10% as hematocrit) exhausts iron stores in the majority of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A successful case of concomitant operation for coronary artery disease and rectal cancer in elderly patient].

We report a successful case of 75-year-old man who was simultaneously undertaken CABG for coronary artery disease and Miles' operation for rectal cancer. A concomitant cardiac and rectal operation involves serious problems, such as increasing operative risk, bleeding tendency after cardiopulmonary bypass, infection and radicality against malignancy, however, it should be a definitive method for the selective case.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical study of miconazole on deep-seated fungal infections].

An investigation was made on the efficacy and the safety of miconazole (MCZ) in the treatment of deep seated mycosis. The drug was administered through intravenous drip infusion at dose levels of 800 to 2,000 mg/day to 21 cases of confirmed mycosis for which causative organisms was identified and to 32 cases to which other antibiotics considered to be appropriate had been administered at febrile stages but had failed to take effect, hence mycoses were strongly suspected. The overall clinical efficacy rate was 84.3% (43/51). Treatments were "remarkably effective" in 6 cases, "effective" in 37, "not effective" in 8 and "indeterminable" in 2. The efficacy rates were 100% (21/21) in the confirmed mycosis cases and 73.3% (22/30) in the suspected mycosis cases. The mycological efficacies in the cases for which causative strains were identified were: disappeared in 14 (66.7%), decreased in 4 (19%), unchanged in 2 (9.5%) and unknown in 1 (4.8%), thus the overall disappearance ratio was 70% (14/20). Chest X-ray showed the disappearance of shadow in 1 patient and improvements in 14 of 23 patients examined. Adverse reactions were observed in 5 of the 53 cases (9.4%). From these results, MCZ may be considered as a highly useful drug not only in the treatment of deep mycosis but also in cases for which mycosis is strongly suspected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Two cases of hemangioma of the upper lip in infants--treatment using the Nd: YAG laser.

We report here two cases of treatment of upper lip hemangioma in infants, in which the Nd:YAG laser had a significant therapeutic effect. Case 1 was a 3-month-old male with swelling of the upper lip as the chief complaint. After galvano-caustic was performed under general anesthesia, sclerosing agent injection therapy (6 times, total 4.5 ml) was continued for 2 months. But the tumor was still growing about 2 years later, so resection was performed with Nd:YAG laser under general anesthesia. Case 2 was a 1-month-old male, also with swelling of the upper lip as the chief complaint. Resection was performed with Nd:YAG laser under general anesthesia. But the tumor was still growing about 4 months later, so it was repeated. The patients made satisfactory prognosis. Histologically, the final diagnoses of two cases were capillary hemangioma.

Hemangioma↗
PubMed1991

[Medical therapy in patients with left main coronary artery stenosis].

To elucidate the long-term prognosis of medically-treated patients with left main coronary artery (LMCA) lesions, 119 consecutive patients with LMCA lesions undergoing coronary angiography were analyzed retrospectively. Among these, 3 patients died soon after angiography and were excluded from this study. Among the remaining 116 patients, 22 were treated medically (Group M) for the following reasons: profound left ventricular (LV) dysfunction (3 patients), effective pharmacological treatment (10), and patients' refusal of surgical therapy (9). Among 94 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), 83 patients survived (Group S). During the follow-up period, cardiac events occurred in 5 patients in Group M; cardiac deaths in 3, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) in one and late application of CABG in one. Two-year cardiac event-free rate after diagnosis was 77%, which remained unchanged thereafter. The cumulative survival rate was 83%. The incidence of cardiac events in Group M was higher than that in Group S (p < 0.01). However, cardiac event rates were similar between these 2 groups for patients with good collateral circulations to the left coronary arteries, no preceding MI and LV end-diastolic pressure less than 15 mmHg. We concluded that the Japanese patients with severe LMCA lesions who respond favorably to pharmacological intervention have unexpectedly good prognoses, however, obstructed collateral circulation to the left coronary system, the presence of preceding MI and high LV end-diastolic pressure were all high-risk factors for medically-treated patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Normolipemic xanthoma developed on alopecia lesion on a SLE patient--histological study].

A 30-year-old SLE patient developed a xanthoma on her alopecia lesion. Histological examination showed typical lupus changes including immunofluorescence stainings. In addition, there were numerous xanthoma cells existed through the dermis, interlobular spaces of subcutaneous fat tissue, perivascular areas of small blood vessels, and subendothelial spaces and inside of intraluminal thrombosis of subcutaneous small arteries. These xanthoma cells contained granular materials in their cytoplasm. Histochemically, these materials are diastase resistant P.A.S. (+), immunoglobulin (+), Sudan BB (+), Sudan III (+), Nile blue (pinkish red), and yellowish orange autofluorescence suggesting that they are lipofuscin or lipid peroxidation products. Further histological findings showed destruction of sebaceus glands and peri-glandular++ infiltration of lymphocytes and histiocytes. These histiocytes contained phagocytic neutral lipid droplets in their cytoplasm. Very small lipid peroxides were also seen on surface and/or cytoplasm of infiltrating lymphocytes existing not only peri-lobular area but also intraluminal area of blood vessels. The marker profile of these infiltrating lymphocytes are B-cell predominant admixed with some CD8(+) T-cells. These data suggest that the mechanism of developing xanthoma is initiated by immune-complex deposition on basal lamina of sebaceus glands, followed by destruction of sebaceus glands by lympho-histiocytic cells infiltration with some antigen presenting and/or effector cells, and finally xanthoma cells were developed by phagocytosis of lipid peroxides caused by macrophage-derived oxygen radicals. Interestingly, our data suggest that the lipid peroxides, which may act as photosensitizer, may leave the skin and may enter the small vessels carried by lymphocytes. Furthermore the xanthoma cells may also enter the circulation through the small arteries.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Left lower sleeve lobectomy for tuberculous stenosis of left main bronchus--a case report].

A 35-year-old women complained exertional dyspnea during medication therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis. Thoracotomy was done under the diagnosis of stenosis of the left main bronchus and of obstruction of the left lower bronchus due to bronchial tuberculosis. The collapsed inferior lobe of the left lung with fibrotic change was resected. The left main bronchus was completely resected without only one cartilage ring nearest to the carina. The anastomosis of the left main bronchus end was performed to the end of the left lower lobe bronchus. This procedure of anastomosis is considered to be technically difficult for anatomical views, and its reports have been few. From our experience this operation can be performed safely by following modifications, 1) Botallo ligament was detached to obtain a wide operative filed for the end to end anastomosis of bronchus, 2) by taping of the trachea and the right main bronchus and applying traction by the tape, bronchial anastomosis was performed under direct view with great facility, and 3) omentopexy was added to prevent the suture insufficiency of the anastomosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effects of sex difference, gonadectomy, and estrogen on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea induced rat thyroid tumors.

The occurrence of thyroid tumors induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) and low iodine diet in Long-Evans (LE) rats was studied with special reference to sex difference, effect of gonadectomy, and estradiol administration. Rats of experimental groups 1-6 were given i.v. injections of 40 mg of MNU/kg of body weight at 50 days of age and fed on low iodine diet from 28 days of age to the end of the experiment (30 weeks after MNU administration). They consisted of male, female, castrated male, ovariectomized female, and gonadectomized male and female rats given 2.5 mg estradiol pellets s.c. Rats of groups 7-10 served as the respective controls without MNU or low iodine diet. Levels of serum thyroid stimulating hormone and estrogen receptor of the thyroid lesions were also examined. It was noted that the incidence of thyroid carcinoma was higher in females than in males (P less than 0.01) and did not change by castration in males but decreased in ovariectomized rats (P less than 0.01). Administration of estradiol after gonadectomy significantly increased the incidence of thyroid carcinomas in castrated and ovariectomized rats. Increase of mean serum thyroid stimulating hormone levels and thyroid and pituitary weights was also predominant in females. Mean thyroid stimulating hormone levels of both sexes were decreased by gonadectomy. Mean thyroid and pituitary weights were inhibited from increasing not by castration but by ovariectomy. Estradiol supplemented after gonadectomy significantly increased all of these factors. Estrogen receptors were detected in transplanted thyroid tumors but not in euthyroid tissues. The results suggest that estradiol promoted the thyroid tumorigenesis through activation of thyrotrophs in pituitary or direct interaction of estradiol and estrogen receptors in the thyroid.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Tumor necrosis factor bifunctionally regulates matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) production by human fibroblasts.

The production of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) in human uterine cervical fibroblasts was increased by human recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha (hrTNF) at a low concentration (0.005 ng/ml) but the elevated synthesis was suppressed in a dose-dependent manner at higher concentrations (up to 50 ng/ml). In contrast, the production of collagenase (EC 3.4.24.7) and stromelysin was stimulated at all the corresponding concentrations. In contrast, human recombinant interleukin-1 alpha (hr IL-1, 10 ng/ml) coordinately induced these enzymes and TIMP production. The reduction of the elevated TIMP production by TNF was not due to the inhibition of TIMP secretion. These results suggest that TNF modulates the extracellular matrix degradation in human fibroblasts bifunctionally by the suppression of TIMP production in addition to the acceleration of matrix metalloproteinases production. Furthermore, the fact that TNF and IL-1 differently controlled the production of TIMP suggests that the signal pathway of TNF for TIMP production is different from that of IL-1.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1990

Interleukin 6 enhances the production of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) but not that of matrix metalloproteinases by human fibroblasts.

We have investigated the effect of interleukin 6 (IL-6) on the synthesis of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), collagenase (MMP-1) and stromelysin (MMP-3) using human skin and uterine cervical fibroblasts. IL-6 did not modulate the expression of MMPs by these fibroblasts, but the production of TIMP was enhanced by IL-6 in a dose dependent manner, whereas IL-1 stimulated the production of both MMPs and TIMP. The combination of IL-6 and IL-1 further augmented IL-1-induced MMPs and TIMP production. The results provide the first evidence that IL-6 participates in the catabolism of the extracellular matrix components by modulating the effects of IL-1 on MMPs and TIMP synthesis as well as its direct effects on the synthesis of TIMP by connective tissue cells.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1990

Electron microscopic localization of gamma- and beta II-subspecies of protein kinase C in rat hippocampus.

The subcellular distributions of the gamma- and beta II-subspecies of protein kinase C (gamma- and beta II-PKC) were studied in the rat hippocampus by light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry. Both subspecies were abundant in the hippocampus with distinct subcellular distributions. The immunoreactivity of gamma-PKC was observed throughout the Ammon's horn, while intense beta II-PKC immunoreactivity was observed predominantly in the CA1 region. gamma-PKC was distributed diffusely through the cytoplasm of pyramidal cells from the perikarya to the dendritic spines. In contrast, beta II-PKC was concentrated around the Golgi complex and present diffusely in distal dendrites, except for the dendritic spines. Neither PKC subspecies could be detected in the presynaptic terminal. The postsynaptic localization of gamma- and beta II-PKC in CA1 suggests that both PKC subspecies may correlate to long-term potentiation in the CA1 region contributing to the postsynaptic side. gamma-PKC may have a specific function not only in CA1 but also in the mossy fiber-CA3 pathway at the postsynaptic side. beta II-PKC may have another function concerning the Golgi complex in CA1.

Animals↗