Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Ito

Publications and source records attributed to A Ito.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Sensitivity and specificity of radionuclide ventriculography with dipyridamole infusion in patients with severe coronary artery disease.

Noninvasive first-pass radionuclide ventriculography may permit the assessment of global and regional left ventricular function during dipyridamole infusion. Twenty patients with > or = 75% stenosis of at least one coronary artery were studied to assess the sensitivity of the technique in detecting coronary artery disease. Seven (35%) had regional dysfunction after dipyridamole infusion, and 16 (80%) developed lower than normal response in left ventricular ejection fraction (an increase of less than 5%) after dipyridamole infusion. When both regional dysfunction and subnormal rejection fraction were considered together, the sensitivity was 80%. Eight normal subjects were studied to assess specificity. None developed regional dysfunction, and left ventricular ejection fraction invariably increased after dipyridamole infusion in all normal subjects, with an increase of less than 5% in only one subject; therefore, the specificity was 88%. It is concluded that the assessment of regional dysfunction with dipyridamole infusion itself is not sensitive, whereas the assessment of changes in left ventricular ejection fraction is sensitive and specific in detecting coronary artery disease.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1993

Sexually transmitted diseases in a HIV infected patient.

We report a case of HIV infection with herpes simplex, syphilis, and condyloma acuminatum in a 66-year-old heterosexual man. The patient was an asymptomatic carrier (group II) of HIV infection. Herpes simplex on his penis was controlled by aciclovir. Secondary syphilis was treated with penicillin G, after which skin lesions disappeared. These four diseases were all sexually transmitted diseases (STD). One should consider the possible existence of other STD in similar cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Influence of gastric pH modifiers on development of intestinal metaplasia induced by X-irradiation in rats.

The influence of gastric pH on intestinal metaplasia was examined in male Crj:CD(SD) rats. At the age of 5 weeks, animals were irradiated with two 10 Gy doses of X-rays to the gastric region at a 3-day interval (total 20 Gy), and 6 months after irradiation, received either secretin or histamine in silicon tubes for 2 months or had their bilateral submandibular salivary glands removed. The incidence of intestinal metaplasia in the fundus of animals after administration of secretin or histamine, or removal of the salivary glands were reduced, along with the pH values, as compared with values for rats given X-rays alone. In both the pyloric and the fundic gland mucosae, the numbers of alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-positive foci and type B metaplasias (intestinal crypts without Paneth cells) were also significantly decreased (P < 0.01). In a second experiment, started six months after irradiation, rats were kept on 1% sodium chloride (NaCl) diet for 6 months. Subsequent removal of salivary glands along with histamine treatment brought about a marked drop in pH and in numbers of ALP-positive foci after three and five days. The present results thus indicated that development and maintenance of intestinal metaplasia can be influenced by a decrease of pH value.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

The role of OX22- helper T cells in protective immunity to reinfection with Taenia taeniaeformis in rats.

Spleen cells (SpC) and mesenteric lymph node cells (MLNC) from F344 donor rats actively immunized by oral inoculation with Taenia taeniaeformis eggs were syngeneically transferred into previously uninfected recipient rats by intravenous injection. Recipient rats were challenged with eggs after cell transfer. The degree of immunity was assessed by counting the number of growing metacestodes (MC) in the liver and compared with that in controls. Transfer of 2 x 10(8) SpC, obtained from donors immunized for ten or more (but not for three or five) days before cell transfer inhibited the establishment of most of MC. There were approximately 86-88% reductions in MC recoveries. SpC (2 x 10(8)) obtained from donors immunized for ten days inhibited the establishment of most of MC in recipient rats when transferred nought, two, or 24 h (but not 48 h) before egg challenge. Functional cells in the immune SpC were helper T cells W3/25+, OX8- and OX22-. However, immune MLNC obtained from donors immunized for three to ten days before cell transfer had no effect on transferring immunity.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Long-term course of adult patients with delayed sleep phase syndrome.

A response to treatment and long-term course of 14 adults with delayed sleep phase syndrome were investigated with the use of their hospital records and mailed questionnaires. Six patients treated with chronotherapy showed full recovery just after the treatment. In three of them the delay of sleep phase relapsed one year afterwards. Four of five patients treated with pharmacotherapy alone showed partial recovery. Six of nine patients followed for periods of longer than three years after treatment showed good prognoses, though all of them still had a mild phase delay and had to shorten their sleep time in order to work full-time. The three others had poor prognoses and one of them was under psychiatric treatment for affective instability. These findings suggest that a long-term follow-up is needed to judge the effect of the treatment.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1993

Effects of sex hormones on induction of intestinal metaplasia by X-irradiation in rats.

The influence of sex hormones on induction of intestinal metaplasia was examined in 5 week old Crj: CD (SD) rats of both sexes. At the age of 4 weeks, the animals were gonadectomized and given testosterone or dimethyl estradiol (DES). One week after operation, they were irradiated with two 10 Gy doses of X-rays to the gastric region at a 3 day interval for a total of 20 Gy. At the termination of the experiment, 6 months after the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) positive foci in males was significantly higher than in females, in orchidectomized males or orchidectomized plus DES treated rats (P < 0.01). On the other hand, the incidence of intestinal metaplasia with ALP-positive foci in normal females appeared lower than in ovariectomized females (P < 0.01), and was increased in rats by treatment with testosterone or decreased by DES. Numbers of foci of intestinal metaplasias with Paneth cells and total numbers appeared to increase in males treated with DES. The results suggested a promoting role for testosterone in the development of ALP positive lesions and indicated considerable heterogeneity between intestinal metaplasia subtypes.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1993

Renal cell adenomas and carcinomas in hemodialysis patients: relationship between hemodialysis period and development of lesions.

Step-sections of 96 whole kidneys from 50 chronic hemodialysis patients were subjected to a histopathological and quantitative investigation with regard to the development of renal neoplastic lesions. The range of hemodialysis duration was from 1 to 222 months. A total of 349 renal cell adenomas were found in 41 cases (82%). They were commonly multiple and present bilaterally. Renal cell carcinomas were evident in four cases (8%), with hemodialysis durations of 54, 57, 112 and 222 months. The incidence of adenomas increased in a hemodialysis duration-dependent manner, indicating a high risk of renal cell tumor development in chronic hemodialysis patients. Furthermore, acquired cystic disease of the kidney (ACDK) was also observed in 12 cases (24.0%), where the mean hemodialysis period was 143.4 +/- 48.0 months. This value was significantly longer than that of non-ACDK cases (P < 0.001). There was, however, no clear relationship between the appearance of ACDK and renal cell tumors. The present results underline the necessity for attention to possible neoplasia of the kidney in patients on long-term hemodialysis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1993

T-cell receptors are expressed but down-regulated on intradecidual T lymphocytes.

PROBLEM: Dietl et al. considered "intradecidual T cell tolerance towards fetal antigens" with their observation that intradecidual T cells lack immunohistochemically detectable amounts of T cell receptor (TCR) molecules while expressing normal amounts of CD3 molecules during early normal pregnancy (Am J Reprod Immunol. 1990; 24:33-36). METHOD: To reevaluate these findings we examined the TCR and CD3 expression on intradecidual T cells using flow cytometry. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, all intradecidual CD3+ T cells expressed either TCR alpha beta or TCR gamma delta. However, the expression of the CD3/TCR complex on intradecidual T cells was down-regulated. The level of CD3/TCR complex expression on intradecidual T cells was about two-thirds of that on peripheral blood T cells. Further, the proportions of alpha beta+ and gamma delta+ cells in CD3+ cells did not significantly differ between decidua and peripheral blood.

Decidua↗
PubMed1993

[Studies on the usefulness of saliva for detection of antibodies to HIV-1].

It has been reported that antibodies to HIV-1 could be detected in saliva of patients with AIDS. We studied whether saliva is potentially useful for screening of HIV-1 infected persons. Pairs of serum and saliva were collected from both 19 HIV-1 seropositive outpatients (CDC type, II:15, III:1, IV:3) of AIDS clinic in our hospital and 4 controls. Multiple saliva collection was done from seropositives periodically for 8 months after the first sampling. Serum and saliva were tested with ELISA and Western blot (WB) methods by using kits of diagnostics Pasteur (ELAVIA MIXT and LAV Blot-1). All pairs of serum and saliva from controls were clearly negative by ELISA. Nineteen sera of proven seropositive cases and paired 18 saliva samples were confirmed to be positive in ELISA test employed, but O.D. value of 1 saliva sample was below the cut-off level. However, in the follow-up study, samples taken from the same individuals after the first sampling showed positive results. Forty-seven saliva samples from seropositives were served for the WB test. Clearly positive bands were observed in 43 samples. In each of the remaining 5 samples, the final decision was "indeterminate", although a strong reactive band was observed at GP-160. The results mentioned above suggested that saliva was useful for screening of antibodies to HIV-1 in epidemiological studies, though it is necessary to improve the sensitivity of ELISA and WB for tests of saliva.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Mutations of HIV-1 RT gene isolated from patients treated with AZT].

HIV-1 strains were isolated from three patients treated with AZT and from three patients not treated with AZT. Progenomes of HIV-1 RT gene were amplified by PCR and cloned to M13mp18 vecter. Four amino acid mutations in RT gene (Asp67, Lys70, Thr215, Lys219) associated with resistance to AZT were analysed. All of the 14 clones obtained from the three patients with AZT therapy had mutations at codon 215 (Thr-->Tyr or Phe). Some of the 14 clones also had other mutations at codon 67 (Asp-->Asn or Ser), codon 70 (Lys-->Arg) and codon 219 (Lys-->Glu). All of 18 clones obtained from the patients not treated with AZT have no mutation at any codon mentioned above.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

[Investigation of AZT sensitivity of HIV-1 isolates from patients treated with AZT].

AZT sensitivity was investigated on 6 HIV-1 isolates by culture method. Three of the isolates derived from 2 patients treated with AZT and the others were isolated from patients not treated with AZT. Cultures of 2 isolates (005 and 038) from a patient not treated with AZT did not show cytopathic effect (CPE) in the presence of 0.1 microM or 1.0 microM AZT. Meanwhile, cultures of isolate (043) from a patient treated with AZT for 2 months showed CPE in the presence of 0.1 microM AZT. Furthermore, cultures of isolates from patients treated with AZT for 6 months (043-2) and for 4 months (091) showed CPE in the presence of 1.0 microM AZT. HIV-1 p24 antigen was not detected by ELISA in the supernatants of cultures which did not show CPE. However, HIV-1 p24 antigen was detected in the culture supernatants which showed CPE. These results demonstrated that isolates from patients treated with AZT contained AZT-resistant variants which could replicate in the presence of 1.0 microM AZT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Reverse transcriptase gene analysis of HIV-1 mutants cultured in the presence of AZT].

HIV-1 strains were isolated from four patients treated with AZT for more than 6 months and from three patients untreated with AZT. Isolates from patients treated with AZT have been cultured by passage of virus in cell culture in the presence of 1 microM AZT. However the isolates from patients untreated with AZT could not be cultured in the presence of AZT. The RT gene of HIV-1 isolates which had been cultured in the presence of AZT were amplified by PCR and cloned to M13 vector. Four amino acid mutations in RT gene (Asp67, Lys70, Thr215, Lys219) associated with resistance to AZT were analysed. All of the 22 clones obtained from the isolates in the presence of 1 microM AZT had mutations at codon 215(Thr-->Tyr or Phe). Some of the 22 clones also had other mutations at codon 67 (Asp-->Ser), codon 70 (Lys-->Arg) and codon 219 (Lys-->Glu or Gln). Four amino acid residues in RT gene of the isolates which had been cultured in the presence of AZT were compared to that of the isolates cultured in the absence of AZT. The clones of the isolates obtained from the patients (04 or 05) had mutations at only codon 215 Thr-->Tyr) in both the presence and the absence of AZT. All of the clones of the isolates obtained from the patients (06 or 07) had mutations at codon 215 and some of them had other mutations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Saponins from Vietnamese ginseng, Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv. Collected in central Vietnam. I.

From rhizomes and roots of Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv., Araliaceae, commonly known as Vietnamese Ginseng, two new acetylate saponins named vina-ginsenoside-R1 (13) and vina-ginsenoside-R2 (15) were isolated. On the basis of chemical and spectral data, 13 was formulated as monoacetyl 24(S)-pseudo-ginsenoside-F11 and 15 was proved to be monoacetyl majonside-R2. Besides the two new saponins and beta-sitosteryl-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, sixteen known saponins were also isolated and identified. Dammarane saponins:ginsenoside-Rh1 and 20(R)-ginsenoside-Rh1 (1), ginsenosides-Rg1 (2), -Re (3), -Rd (6), -Rb3 (7), -Rb2 (8), -Rb1 (9), pseudo-ginsenoside-RS1 (= monoacetyl ginsenoside-Re, 4), notoginsenosides-R1 (5) and -Fa (10). Ocotillol-type saponins:pseudo-ginsenoside-RT4 (11), 24(S)-pseudo-ginsenoside-F11 (12), majonosides-R1 (16) and -R2 (14). Oleanolic acid saponins:ginsenoside-Ro (= chikusetsusaponin V, 17) and hemsloside-Ma3 (18), a saponin previously isolated from a cucurbitaceous plant, Hemsleya macrosperma C. Y. Wu. Despite having large horizontally elongated rhizomes, the underground part of this plant contains mainly dammarane saponins and a small amount of oleanolic acid saponins. In addition, the yield of ocotillol-type saponins, especially majonoside-R2, is surprisingly very high (more than 5% and ca. half of the total yield of saponin). This characteristic saponin composition has made Vietnamese Ginseng an interesting species among Panax spp.

Ginsenosides↗
PubMed1993

Energy deposition in structural parts of DNA by monoenergetic electrons.

The Monte Carlo simulation of energy deposition in structural parts of DNA based on "Structural Model" is described. This model takes under consideration space positions of atoms in B-form of DNA and clearly defines sensitive volumes of each nucleotide (phosphodiester bonds, sugar, base, hydrogen bonds). ETRACK code producing the positions of energy deposition events in water vapor medium is used for simulation of electron track structure. The electron production points are chosen randomly within the sphere containing cell nucleus. DNA segments are randomly distributed in cell nucleus. Each energy deposition point is tested if it occurs in any element of any DNA part. The highest probability of energy deposition is found for phosphodiester bonds area, whereas the lowest for deoxyribose area. Electrons of initial energies from 5 keV to 10 keV have higher probability of energy deposition in structural part in comparison with lower and higher energy electrons.

DNA↗
PubMed1993

Effects of dose rate and energy level on fission neutron (252Cf) tumorigenesis in B6C3F1 mice.

The effects of the dose rate and the energy of fission neutrons using an iron block on tumorigenesis in B6C3F1 mice were examined. Six-week-old female animals were divided into 4 groups and exposes to 252Cf neutron irradiation at dose rates of 0.05 cGy/min, with (Group 1) or without (Group 2) filtering through a 10 cm thick iron block, 0.8 cGy/min (Group 3) or 0 (Group 4 controls). Total neutron exposure was 50 cGy in each of groups 1-3 and total irradiation dose was 56, 75 and 75 cGy in Groups 1-3, respectively. Total tumor incidences or multiplicity were significantly higher in Group 3 than in Group 1. A similar tendency was observed as compared to Group 2, ovarian and Harderian gland tumors being mainly affected and adrenal tumors were significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 1. The results indicated a clear increase in tumorigenesis with the higher dose rate and no filtering influence of iron was evident, despite the drop in neutron energy level.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Rumen ciliates of Ezo deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) with the morphological comparison with those of cattle.

The composition of rumen ciliate protozoa was surveyed in 13 Ezo deer, Cervus nippon yesoensis, inhabiting Hokkaido, Japan. As a result, two species of the genus Entodinium, E. simplex and E. dubardi, were detected. Each Ezo deer had only a single species of protozoa, E. simplex or E. dubardi. Since E. simplex in Ezo deer had a wide variation in body size and shape, its measurements were compared with those of E. simplex, E. nanellum and E. exiguum obtained from Holstein-Friesian cattle feeding in the same area. The ciliate density ranged widely from 3.1 to 5882.4 x 10(3) with an average of 567.4 x 10(3) per 1 ml of rumen fluid.

Animals↗