Prevention of peptic ulcer relapse.
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Cimetidine↗
Biomedical subjects
A Ishimori
Publications and source records attributed to A Ishimori.
[New clinical tests in diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases].
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Biomarkers, Tumor↗
[Evaluation of hyperlipidemia in high school student--Part 1].
Recently the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) is increasing in young generations. Thus, we evaluated the degree of hyperlipidemia in the students of high school in Miyagi prefecture. At first, we examined the plasma level of total cholesterol in all students as screening. About 10% of all the students showed high level of total cholesterol over 200mg/dl. For second screening, we examined further indexes for hyperlipidemia including lipids, glucose and blood pressure at fasting state and got information about family history, diet and exercise. There was positive correlation between total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), but no relation was found among others. Lipoprotein (a) which was an independent factor of IHD showed a broad distribution as described before, and had no relation with other lipid levels. Early education and a familial consultation for protecting from IHD should be followed after the screening of lipids levels.
Adolescent↗
[Detection of drug resistant-gene in cisplatin-resistant colon carcinoma cells by RT-PCR assay. I].
Expression of the TS and DNA polymerase beta genes as a drug resistant-gene were compared with the human colon carcinoma cell line HCT8S and a subline that was 4.5 fold resistant to cisplatin. Resistant cells (HCT8DDP) exhibited 3.4 fold and 2.5 fold increase in mRNA for both TS and DNA polymerase beta gene when compared with the parent cells by Northern blotting analysis, respectively. The RT (reverse transcription)-PCR (polymerase chain reaction) method has been modified to quantify a sequence of a drug resistance gene. This method exhibited greater sensitivity than conventional methods (Northern blotting analysis), requiring less than 1 fetogram of mRNA from cell lines. The RT-PCR assay could be an effective device in the early detection of resistance to chemotherapy.
Base Sequence↗
[Gastrointestinal hormones: recent developments].
Progress in gastrointestinal hormone research has increased our knowledge in peptide hormone biochemistry and gastrointestinal physiology considerably. However, this knowledge has not yet helped our understanding of common gastrointestinal diseases. More specific and reliable methods are needed to prove or to exclude the participation of gastrointestinal peptides in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases. Peptide hormones are potentially useful as diagnostic and therapeutic modalities in the practice of gastroenterology.
Diagnosis, Differential↗
[Detection of drug resistant-genes in cisplatin-resistant colon carcinoma cells by RT-PCR assay. II].
The c-fos, c-Ha-ras and c-myc oncogenes have been proposed to play an important role in DNA synthesis. Expression of c-fos, c-Ha-ras and c-myc genes were compared with the human colon carcinoma cell line HCT8S cells and a subline that was 4.5 resistant to cis-diamminedichloro-platinum (cisplatin). Resistant cells (HCT8DDP) exhibited a 4.0, 2.8 and 1.1 fold in mRNA for these genes when compared with the parent cells by Northern blotting analysis, respectively. The reverse transcription (RT)-PCR method has been demonstrated to quantify a sequence of these oncogenes. This method allowed the detection of gene expression from minimal cells. Thus RT-PCR assay could be an effective device in th early detection of oncogenes to cisplatin-resistance.
Base Sequence↗
[Clinical preventive medicine in cancer diagnosis--proposal for a new cancer diagnostic system in an aging society].
To enroll a large percentage of the cancer high-risk group and to simultaneously screen for various kinds of cancer, a modified combination assay of tumor markers and risk factors in serum was devised. A pilot study using 5 tumor markers, AFP, CEA, CA19-9, CA125, Dupan-2, as well as 3 risk factors of pepsinogen, PGI, PGII, PGI/II, showed 87.0% sensitivity and 58.8% specificity in 54 patients with various cancers and 163 healthy subjects. Eighty percent of stage I or II cases were detected except for one stage I case of right lung cancer and one stage II case of oral cavity cancer. Field work is now under way to detect various cancers among approximately 1000 inhabitants above 50 years of age in a particular town using 11 tumor markers and 3 risk factors. One hundred fifty three of 967 cases (male 372, female 595) showed various abnormal values and some were examined further as higher risk cases to detect particular cancers suspected from the results of the modified combination assay. At present, 5 PAP positive cases were referred to urological clinic for examination and 3 were confirmed histologically as prostatic cancer. This corresponds to approximately a 0.8% of detection rate which is more than 40 times the prostatic cancer mortality. Other kinds of cancer are still under investigation at various specified clinics. If cancer is not detected in these higher risk cases, they will be followed year to year. Further, the most suspicious cases will be examined at a chromosome or DNA level.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Aged↗
[An evaluation of tumor markers and risk factors in mass screening for various cancers].
The borderline values of tumor markers and the clarification of risk factors for cancer are problems to be solved in the development of mass screening tests for various cancers. A tiny abnormality may be overlooked in an evaluation based upon traditional reference standards obtained by surveying healthy subjects. Both negative and positive values are required in mass screening for various cancers. That is, cut-off values should minimize the incidence of false negatives and false positives in the screening test. A modified combination assay using tumor markers and risk factors was used to screen 967 healthy subjects over age 50 for nonspecific cancers and the results were analyzed. Positive rates based on ordinary cut-off values for each tumor marker were about 6 to 7% in CEA, CA19-9 and BFP, 2.7% in SPAN-1, 1.3% in PAP, and less than 1% in AFP, SCC, CA125 and NCC -ST-439. For pepsinogen, a risk factor of various cancers especially in the digestive tract, the cut-off value was determined as the mean-SD in 967 healthy subjects over 50 years old. That is, the cut-of value for pepsinogen I was 18.7 ng/ml. A lower value was found in 149 subjects (15.4%). The cut-off value for pepsinogen II was 7.4 ng/ml and a lower value was found in 227 subjects (23.5%). The cut-off value for the pepsinogen I/II ratio was 1.2 and 108 subjects showed lower values (11.2%). Positive cases were referred to specialists in various fields to detect the specific suspected cancer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Aged↗
[Plasma lipid peroxides in the operation of esophageal cancer].
Lipid peroxides are formed by autooxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids found primarily in cell membranes. An increase level of lipid peroxides in the tissue therefore reflects membrane damage. We reported that water immersion restraint rats caused significant increase of gastric mucosal lipid peroxide which reflected on gastric mucosal injury. The gastric mucosal injury is also known as the post-operative complication due to physical stress. So we studied plasma lipid peroxide and its related substances in the operation of esophageal cancer. Lipid peroxide levels increased significantly in pre- and post-operation but temporal decrease was found during the operation. Vitamin E is thought to be an important structural component of biologic membranes and is believed to act as a free radical scavenger in lipid peroxidation. Vitamin E also increased in the patients of esophageal cancer and decreased significantly during the operation. Superoxide dismutase changed frequently during the operation but there was no deficit tendency in its changes. Catalase levels also changes frequently and showed temporal but statistical elevation after the operation. These results indicated that lipid peroxidation may contribute to the development of organic damage in the operation of esophageal cancer.
Catalase↗
Effect of drug therapy on the relapse of peptic ulcers. 1st communication: the effect of acute therapy.
The following study was conducted in order to investigate the effect of drug therapy on the relapse of peptic ulcers. Acute therapy with pirenzepine (Gastrozepin, CAS 28797-61-7) (100 mg/d) or cimetidine (CAS 51481-61-9) (800 mg/d) was given to 402 patients with peptic ulcers using the envelope method. Subsequently, 1-year maintenance therapy with pirenzepine (75 mg/d) or placebo was carried out in a double-blind study in 251 patients who had been cured within 3 months. During the study period, an endoscopic examination was repeated regularly to study the relapse of ulcers. When the results were stratified and analyzed by Cutler-Ederer's life table method to see changes in relapse over time, it was noted that the acute therapy for active ulcers did have an influence on the course of relapse after the ulcer lesions had been cured. Pirenzepine, a M1 antagonist, was superior to cimetidine, a H2 antagonist, in the prevention of relapse of ulcers after they had been cured. The results suggest that the prevention of relapse of peptic ulcers should be started at the stage of acute therapy for active ulcers and that care should be taken in selecting drugs. The results also suggest that the natural history of peptic ulcers with respect to their relapse can be modified to a certain extent by drug therapy although the period for such cannot be specified.
Cimetidine↗
Effect of drug therapy on the relapse of peptic ulcers. 2nd communication: the effect of maintenance therapy.
One-year maintenance therapy with pirenzepine (Gastrozepin, CAS 28797-61-7) (75 mg/d) or placebo was performed in a double-blind fashion in 251 patients to investigate the relapse by means of endoscopic examinations repeated every 3 months. Enrolled were the patients who had been cured within 3 months by acute therapy with either pirenzepine or cimetidine randomly given by the envelope method. When the results were analyzed by Cutler-Ederer's life table method to monitor manifestation of relapse, the maintenance therapy with pirenzepine did not show any significant difference from placebo in all the patients enrolled. However, stratified analysis according to various combinations of background factors revealed that there was significant difference in 1-year cumulative non-relapse rates between the pirenzepine maintenance therapy group and the placebo group, suggesting prophylactic effect of the maintenance therapy with pirenzepine on relapse. An increase of daily dose more than 75 mg in maintenance therapy may be expected to display the prophylactic effect of pirenzepine on ulcer relapse in a definite manner.
Cimetidine↗
Predictors of relapse in peptic ulcer.
Four hundred and two patients with peptic ulcer were selected for acute therapy with either pirenzepine (100 mg/day) or cimetidine (800 mg/day) using the envelope method. Those who achieved healing within 3 months (251 patients) were randomized in a double-blind fashion to maintenance therapy with either pirenzepine (75 mg/day) or placebo. In a preliminary study of 163 patients in which a multiple regression life-table method was employed, 4 out of 15 possible predictors were found to have a significant influence on relapse. These were site of ulcer lesions, psychological stress, endoscopic findings at the time of healing of the original ulcers, and acute therapy. Stratified analysis of the evolution of relapse by the Cutler-Ederer life-table method indicated that several other factors also influenced relapse in certain patient subgroups. Most relapses (93.8%) occurred at the same site as, or close to the site of, the original ulcers, indicating that ulcer scars also play a role in relapse.
Adult↗
[Clinical evaluation of four tumor markers (CEA, TPA, CA50 and CA72-4) in colorectal cancer].
In a total of 194 cases, consisting of 86 cases of colorectal cancer undergone operation later, 7 cases of non resectable cancer, 34 cases of recurrence, 43 cases of NED (no evidence of a recurrence after radical surgery for colorectal cancer) and 24 cases of benign colorectal disease, serum CEA, TPA, CA50 and CA72-4 levels were determined. The positivity rate was high for all four markers in stage V cases among 86 cases of colorectal cancer, and in cases of non resectable cancer and cases of recurrence. The highest positive rate was obtained with CEA. On the contrary, in cases of stage I to IV the positivity rates of these four tumor markers were as low as 0 to 34.8%. Out of 127 cases of colorectal cancer excluded of 43 NED cases, 52 cases were negative for all four tumor markers and 14 cases were positive only for CEA. In 49 cases, CEA and at least one of the other three tumor markers gave positive results. In 12 cases, CEA gave negative results and at least one of the other three tumor markers positive results. In conclusion, measurement of blood levels of these tumor markers is limited of its usefulness in early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. However, in the diagnosis of advanced stage and of recurrence during the postoperative follow-up period the measurement of tumor markers provides useful information. CEA is most sensitive among the four tumor markers tested and any combination of these four markers is not advantageous because of an increase in false positivity rate.
Adult↗
[Antistreptolysin O].
Automated analyzers based on the quantitative immunochemical methods have been developed and can allow quantitative measurements of antistreptolysin O concentrations in the clinical laboratories. Automated ASO determinations improve in point of operation, time, effort, precision and accuracy, compared with the usual semiquantitative methods of tube dilution techniques based on the method of Rantz and Randall or some modification thereof, microtitration of the Edward method and agglutination test using latex or other particles. However, confusion and many kinds of problems have been brought about by the rapid development of automated ASO measurements in routine use. The principle quantitative immunochemical measurements of automated ASO determinations are immune agglutination assays, which are nephelometric immunoassay (NIA), latex agglutination photometric immunoassay (LAPIA) and turbidimetric immunoassay (TIA). Principles and methods of these automated immunoassay, reagents, ASO standard serum, automated analyzers, precision and accuracy, the present conditions and problems of automated analysis in the clinical laboratories were discussed in comparison with usual semiquantitative measurements. There was a good correlation between automated immune agglutination assay (NIA, LAPIA and TIA) and the usual semiquantitative assay. However, the quantitative accuracy of automated immune agglutination assay was decreased in the regions of low and high ASO values. Availability, precision and accuracy of ASO measurement were improved by the automated analysis. However, the methods of ASO measurements were increased and varied by the automated assay. Therefore, it is necessary to standardize the automated ASO measurements. The limitation and the clinical significance of the automated immune agglutination assay of ASO have to be studied for practical use in the future.
Adult↗
[Effect of bilirubin on serum fructosamine value, and the elimination of bilirubin by bilirubin oxidase].
Fructosamine is examined as the index of past mean blood glucose levels. However, the fructosamine value appears to be influenced by the bilirubin. Therefore, we examined patients with hyperbilirubinemia showing suspected and definite jaundice. Abnormal fructosamine values were noted in 9 out of the 50 cases (18%) with suspected jaundice and 40 out of the 55 cases (72.2%) with definite jaundice. An experiment in which bilirubin was removed by bilirubin oxidase revealed that fructosamine levels in hyperbilirubinemia correlated with the values of bilirubin and increased fructosamine values were expressed as the values of bilirubin x 6.5. These results demonstrate abnormal fructosamine values not only in jaundice patients but also in those with suspected jaundice. These cases must be taken in the examination of fructosamine in patients with hyperbilirubinemia.
Bilirubin↗
[Clinical problems in the treatment and physiopathology of peptic ulcer in the aged].
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Adult↗
[Practice of clinical preventive medicine in health care].
Reflecting the successful control of highly virulent and lethal infectious diseases achieved in recent years and also the serious side effects reported sometimes after vaccination even in relatively mild diseases vaccination is now being practiced on an individual base rather than compulsive base for groups. This urges strongly a re-inspection of all clinical entities from the standpoint of clinical preventive medicine. The rapidly developing high aging society we are facing also requests the systematization of clinical preventive medicine to maintain a healthy life as long as possible. In this symposium the health care information such as in radiation exposure in which the cause is clear and easy to be well documented is compared to that in ordinary industrial hazards which have complicated causes in general. As an example of clinical entities to be re-checked from the angle of clinical preventive medicine viral hepatitis is chosen and discussion is followed by prevention of cancer which is now the cause of highest mortality in Japan. In addition, adult health care system such as extensive health examinations is compared with the system of health care for children. Such an approach is expected to contribute to the systematization of clinical preventive medicine which is centered on the individual and not mass prevention in practice.
Humans↗
[Cancer detection and prevention].
Studies were performed on cancer detection and prevention in the high cancer risk group. To improve the screening method in the diagnosis of unspecified cancer, a modified combination assay was devised using a combination of several tumor markers and adding risk factors of malignancies obtainable from blood samples. Five tumor markers, AFP, CEA, CA 19-9, DUPAN-2 and CA 125 were determined simultaneously in each serum sample obtained from 54 patients with various cancer diseases. A modified combination assay was also examined using the risk factors of malignancies, pepsinogen I/II ratio together with 5 tumor markers. Detection rate was elevated to 68.5% by a combination assay using 5 tumor markers. Detection rate by modified combination assay using the risk factor (pepsinogen I/II ratio) together with 5 tumor markers was further improved to 88.8% without decreasing the specificity. The modified combination assay is easy in practice and expected to contribute in the screening of unspecified cancer diseases.
Aged↗