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Biomedical subjects

A Ishida

Publications and source records attributed to A Ishida.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Diurnal changes in leaf gas exchange characteristics in the uppermost canopy of a rain forest tree, Dryobalanops aromatica Gaertn. f.

Dryobalanops aromatica Gaertn. f. is a major tropical canopy species in lowland tropical rain forests in Peninsular Malaysia. Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate (A) and stomatal conductance to water vapor (g(s)) were measured in fully expanded young and old leaves in the uppermost canopy (35 m above ground). Maximum A was 12 and 10 micro mol m(-2) s(-1) in young and old leaves, respectively; however, because of large variation in A among leaves, mean maximum A in young and old leaves was only 6.6 and 5.5 micro mol m(-2) s(-1), respectively. Both g(s) and A declined in young leaves when T(leaf) exceeded 34 degrees C and leaf-to-air vapor pressure deficit (DeltaW) exceeded 0.025, whereas in old leaves, g(s) and A did not start to decline until T(leaf) and DeltaW exceeded 36 degrees C and 0.035, respectively. Under saturating light conditions, A was linearly related to g(s). The coefficient of variation (CV) for the difference between the CO(2) concentrations of ambient air and the leaf intercellular air space (C(a) - C(i)) was smaller than the CV for A or g(s), suggesting that maximum g(s) was mainly controlled by mesophyll assimilation (A/C(i)). Minimum C(i)/C(a) ratios were relatively high (0.72-0.73), indicating a small drought-induced stomatal limitation to A and non-conservative water use in the uppermost canopy leaves.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

Effect of intraatrial reentry on initiation of atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia.

We studied the effect of intraatrial reentry (IAR) on initiation of orthodromic reentrant tachycardia (ORT) in 150 patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome using His-bundle recording and the atrial extrastimulus technique. IAR was initiated by premature atrial stimulation in 44 patients (29%), and it was followed by ORT in 16 patients (11%). In 8 patients (5%), IAR promoted the initiation of ORT, whereas in 5 patients (3%), IAR inhibited the initiation of ORT. These findings suggest that ORT is frequently induced following IAR. IAR, which was frequently observed during electrophysiological studies, seems to play an important role in the initiation of ORT.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase induced by phorbol ester and diacylglycerol in vascular endothelial cells.

The role of protein kinase C (PKC) in vascular endothelial cell proliferation was investigated using human umbilical vein endothelial cells released from the G1/S border. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) caused G2 arrest because 1) when added to G2 cells, PMA inhibited subsequent cell division; 2) these growth-arrested cells did not show morphological features of mitotic cells; and 3) PMA did not interrupt mitosis in cells released from nocodazole-induced M phase arrest. 1-Oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (OAG) added repeatedly from G2 also inhibited mitosis. The activation of cdc2 kinase around the G2/M transition was suppressed by PMA and OAG. Although cdc2 was expressed in the presence of PMA, dephosphorylation of its tyrosine residue was inhibited by PMA. In parallel, the expression of cdc25B was suppressed by PMA. The total and the cdc2-associated amount of cyclin B were both reduced by PMA. These data suggested that the PKC pathway negatively regulates the G2/M transition and that the inhibition of cdc2 kinase by the reduction in the levels of cdc25B and cyclin B may contribute to this effect.

CDC2 Protein Kinase↗
PubMed1996

Headache as a manifestation of myocardial infarction.

We report a 64-year-old man who complained of headache without chest pain at the onset of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). He had no history of chest pain or headache. Severe headache in this case was the first symptom of AMI. The headache was reproduced during stress test. During the angioplasty procedure, he also complained of headache without vasospastic change in the coronary artery. These findings suggest that the headache which accompanied AMI or myocardial ischemia in this case was due to referred pain rather than a generalized vasospastic disorder.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed1996

Long-term results of emergency coronary artery bypass grafting.

During a 20-year period, 364 patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for the treatment of ischemic heart disease. Among these patients, 28 underwent emergency surgery. The reasons for performing emergency CABG were unstable angina in 15 patients, impending myocardial infarction in 12 patients and congestive heart failure in 1 patient. Eleven patients died postoperatively. Eight variables were examined by univariate analysis for their influence on the occurrence of a hospital death. Lack of a history of myocardial infarction, intraaortic balloon pumping (IABP) and acute coronary occlusion were all found to be predictors of hospital death. Seventeen patients were followed up for 12 years. There was no cardiac death and actuarial survival at 12 years was 63%. The 14 survivors are now in NYHA functional class I or II. Although the operative mortality rate is high after emergency CABG, a fair prognosis can be expected if the patients survive surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

CD7 positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia successfully treated with high dose cytosine arabinoside and mitoxantrone: a case report.

A 45-year-old woman with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who failed to achieve complete remission (CR) after one course of induction chemotherapy with vincristine, daunorubicin, prednisolone and l-asparaginase was successfully treated with a high dose of cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) and mitoxantrone. The leukemic blasts were CD7, 19, 33, and 38 antigens positive, and had a rearrangement in the T-cell receptor delta chain gene. The karyotype was normal. Primary induction failure and positivity for myeloid antigens are both reported to be poor prognostic factors for ALL. Nevertheless, this patient was successfully treated with the high dose Ara-C and mitoxantrone, and she remains in CR for over 20 months. Combination chemotherapy with high dose Ara-C and mitoxantrone may be of benefit for refractory ALL with both CD7 and myeloid antigens.

Antigens, CD7↗
PubMed1996

Measurement of visco-elastic properties of muscles around the ankle during standing.

The aim of this study was to determine elastic and viscous coefficients of muscles around the ankle during standing, and to investigate whether these coefficients depended on the balance task. By means of a servo-controlled platform, angle disturbances of the ankle were imposed upon a standing subject under three conditions: (a) standing on both legs with eyes open, (b) standing on both legs with eyes closed and (c) standing on one leg with eyes open. Visco-elastic properties of muscles around the right ankle of seven subjects were estimated using data for ankle moment and angle. Mean elastic coefficients changed from 151 to 220 Nm/rad and mean viscous coefficients changed from 15 to 49 Nms/rad. Both of them tended to increase as the balance task became more demanding, i.e. in the order (a), (b) and (c).

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Surgical correction of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage: an adult case of successful repair].

Total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (TAPVD) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly. It occurs in only 1.5% of children born with congenital heart defects. But, it is one of the most common lesions necessitating intracardiac operation in the neonatal period. We have experienced a 33-year-old man with supracardiac type TAPVD who was operated upon successfully. Cardiac catheterization showed 0.35 in Pp/Ps, 3.33 in Qp/Qs and 0.11 in Rp/Rs. The left to right shunt ratio was 77%, while the right to left shunt ratio was 23%. The operation was composed of anastomosis between the left atrium and the common pulmonary vein, patch closure of the atrial septal defect, ligation of the vertical vein and tricuspid annuloplasty. The posterior approach was adopted in anastomosis between the left atrium and the common pulmonary vein. The association of a normal pulmonary vascular resistance, a large interatrial communication and absence of a pulmonary venous obstruction was considered as factors of a favorable result.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Underlying cardiac disease in infective endocarditis].

Underlying cardiac lesions in 39 adult cases with infective endocarditis were studied. 18 cases (46%) of the patients had no evidence of preexisting cardiac disease and infection frequently involved aortic valve. The patients without preexisting cardiac disease and 4 patients with an intracardiac substitute including pacemaker lead and aortic valve prosthesis required a surgery during an active infective endocarditis. All cases of active infective endocarditis accompanied with rheumatic valvular disease underwent surgery after a suppression of active inflammation by medical treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Long-term results of emergency coronary artery bypass grafting].

During a 20-year period, 364 patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for the treatment of ischemic heart disease. Among these patients, 28 underwent emergency surgery. The reasons for performing emergency CABG were unstable angina in 15 patients, impending myocardial infarction in 12 patients, and congestive heart failure in 1 patient. Eleven patients died postoperatively. Eight variables were examined by univariate analysis for their influence on the occurrence of a hospital death. IABP and acute coronary occlusion were found to be predictors of hospital death and previous myocardial infarction was a predictor of hospital survival. Seventeen patients were followed up for 12 years. There was no cardiac death and actuarial survival at 12 years was 63%. The 14 survivors are now in NYHA functional class I or II. Although the operative mortality rate is high after emergency CABG, the patient's prognosis is good.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[A case report of mediastinitis due to methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus after total aortic arch replacement].

A 78-year-old man underwent total aortic arch replacement for ruptured aortic arch aneurysm. Two weeks after the surgery, high fever and leucocytosis developed. He was placed on a regimen of antibiotics. However, mediastinitis eventually ensued five weeks later with the pus draining from the sternotomy wound. The culture revealed a Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus. The infected tissue was debrided from the mediastinal cavity 40 days postoperatively. The cavity was kept open and was intermittently irrigated with 2% Providone-iodine for three days. Subsequently, an omental graft was placed. The infection successfully subsided gradually and the patient has been well for a year and a half after the initial surgery. The procedure is considered to be extremely effective for the management of a drastic infection involving thoracic aortic prosthesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Follow-up study on F-wave in patients with lumbosacral radiculopathy. Comparison between before and after surgery.

The aim of this study is to explore the clinical value of follow-up examinations of F-wave in patients with lumbosacral radiculopathy. Postoperative changes in the initial abnormalities and their relationship with improvement in clinical findings were examined. Results from conventional motor nerve conduction study at knee-ankle segment are also discussed. The subjects were 30 patients with unilateral lumbosacral radiculopathy caused by herniated disc. F-waves were obtained from abductor hallucis and extensor digitorum brevis by supramaximal stimulation to tibial and peroneal nerves, respectively, at the ankle. Minimal latency (Fmin), maximal latency (Fmax), chronodispersion (Fdif) and duration (Fdur) were used as the parameters. No subject had abnormal motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV) throughout the course of this study, and there was no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative levels. Peroneal Fmin, Fmax, Fdif and tibial Fdur all showed significant (p < 0.05 in Wicoxon signed-rank test) improvement after surgery. Moreover, these overall improvements significantly (p < 0.05 in chi 2 test) correlated with recovery in muscle weakness. However, normalization of F-wave was not always associated with full recovery in muscle weakness at that time. These findings suggested that follow-up examination of F-wave was of value for objective assessment after operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Oesophageal carcinoma with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy and leucocytosis.

We report a case of oesophageal carcinoma with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy and leucocytosis in a 66-year-old man. We also demonstrate parathyroid hormone-related protein, by immunohistology. After admission, calcitonin was administered for the hypercalcaemia but the patient died of pneumonia on the 17th day of hospitalization. As oesophageal carcinoma with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy and leucocytosis is characterized by rapid progression and metastasis, earlier diagnosis and treatment is mandatory.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Durable molecular remission in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia and host-derived hematopoiesis after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

A 44-year-old woman with Ph-positive CML was treated with TBI, splenic irradiation, Ara-C, and CY. She then received unmanipulated marrow cells from her HLA-identical brother. GVHD prophylaxis was FK506 and MTX. WBC counts reached 1000/microliter on day 28 when all metaphases of marrow cells showed 46XY. However, on day 42, 46XX was detected in two of 20 metaphases, and the percentage of cells with female karyotype subsequently increased. On day 519, all metaphases showed female karyotype. BCR-ABL mRNA and Philadelphia chromosome were never detected throughout her post-transplant course. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) revealed complete recovery of host-derived hematopoiesis in the bone marrow, however, mixed T cell chimerism in the peripheral blood. This suggests that the persistence of donor-derived T cells may prevent disease recurrence through graft-versus-leukemia effect. The patient remains in a molecular complete remission with host-derived hematopoiesis 749 days post-transplant.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Simultaneous measurement of the tension, elongation, and refractive power of the bovine lens zonule].

We developed a device to measure simultaneously the tension and elongation of the lens zonules, and the refractive power of the lens in 12 bovine eyes. Each sample, which consisted of the lens-zonuleciliary body was fixed to the device at the position of the ciliary process from four directions, and was stretched radially in a container filled with saline solution. The tension was measured by a force transducer, the elongation by a laser-displacement-meter, and the refractive power by a Campbell type refractometer. The refractive power of the lens in the relaxed condition was 24.6 +/- 3.4 D (n = 12, mean +/- standard deviation). When samples were stretched 1 mm from the relaxed condition, the increased change in tension was 2.8 +/- 1.5 g, and the decreased change in refractive power was 1.8 +/- 1.2 D.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Asymptomatic acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis following upper respiratory tract infections caused by Group A streptococci.

During an observation period of 1-2 years in 2 different districts in Japan, 104 patients were found to have upper respiratory infections caused by group A streptococci. Fourty-nine of these patients were followed prospectively to determine if renal involvement would occur. Twelve patients developed transient serum complement (CH50) depression and urinary abnormality, and 2 of these developed mild hypertension. The latent period was from 1-8 weeks after the streptococcal infection. Renal biopsies of the 12 patients with "asymptomatic" of "subclinical" acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) were examined by light, immunofluorescent and electron microscopy. Glomerular lesions ranged from mild proliferative changes to the classical pathology seen in APSGN. The 12 patients were followed for 10 years. Two of them developed persistent or intermittent hematuria, and renal biopsies obtained 4 years after the initial infection revealed mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis without IgA deposits. The remaining patients showed no abnormal findings after the acute episode. These findings suggested that glomerular involvement after group A streptococcal infection is frequent and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, which was found to develop in some, may rank with IgA nephropathy as a major cause of unexplained microscopic hematuria.

Acute Disease↗