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Biomedical subjects

A Infante

Publications and source records attributed to A Infante.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Bohler incision: an extensile anterolateral approach to the foot and ankle.

Incisions in the foot and ankle should allow efficient surgical approaches to the anatomic structures being addressed while preventing chronic neuritic symptoms, extensive scar contractures, soft tissue ischemia or necrosis, and chronic edema. The purpose of this report is to describe the Böhler incision, an extensile approach that provides the surgeon with easy access to the anterior surface of the distal tibia, the anterior talar dome, talar neck, talonavicular, subtalar, and calcaneocuboid joints by allowing direct visualization of these areas. The incision can be extended in both directions, if needed, or it can be used at either end, produces few complications, and closes with a cosmetically acceptable scar that does not produce pressure with shoe wear.

Ankle↗
PubMed1997

Health sector reform: priorities and packages.

Measures of health sector reform have been adopted in Chile, Colombia and Mexico. The extent to which they promote equitable access to appropriate health services is considered below.

Chile↗
PubMed1995

A Chlamydomonas genomic library in yeast artificial chromosomes.

We have constructed and characterized a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii total genomic library in yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs). The library contains 7500 clones with inserts ranging in size from 100-200 kb. The representation of the library was assessed by screening one-third of it with a probe derived from the dispersed repeat, Gulliver, which occurs approximately 13 times in the genome. At least 10 of these Gulliver loci were isolated within 15 independent YACs. Two of these YACs encompass the Gulliver element designated G, which was reported to map to the uni linkage group (ULG). The end clones of these two YACs have been genetically mapped by RFLP analysis in an interspecific cross and thereby shown to be closely linked to the APM locus on the ULG. A third uni-specific YAC has also been isolated and its ends have been mapped by RFLP analysis. Genetic and RFLP analysis of these and other YACs indicates that the frequency of chimeric YACs in the library is very low. The library was constructed in a second generation vector that enables plasmid rescue of YAC end clones as well as copy number amplification of artificial chromosomes. We provide evidence that amplification of intact YACs requires a rad1:rad52 yeast strain.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Setting priorities in the Spanish health care system.

Increasingly sophisticated and expensive medical technologies, chronic illness and aging, and a population that insists upon the best health care and coverage, together demand that priorities be set in the public funding of health care. This article describes Spanish initiatives in dealing with such problems and analyses the ethical implications of health care legislation and rationing.

Aging↗
PubMed1994

Characterization of cytosolic malic enzyme in human tumor cells.

Cytosolic NADP(+)-dependent malic enzyme (ME) from human tumor cells was characterized in detail and compared to ME from normal human tissues produced in recombinant E. coli. Kinetic properties, size as seen in SDS gels, and HPLC elution profiles of tryptic digests of human 'normal cell' ME and NADP(+)-ME from tumor cells were identical. Thus, NADP(+)-ME found in tumor cells does not constitute a tumor-specific isoform as suggested by other studies but is identical to the 'housekeeping protein' predominantly expressed in human liver and white adipose tissue.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1992

[Development of an energy food for athletes].

The energetic requirements of sportsmen fluctuates between 3500 and 8000 Kcal/day. In order to fill these needs it is necessary to have new alternative products which provide the extra required energy. For this purpose a confectionary was designed and elaborated consisting of five different bars, made of natural raw materials (dehydrated fruits, milk, eggs, nuts, fat), which supply an important quantity of fats and carbohtdrates, minerals, and vitamins. The confectioned bars were: papaya, hazelnut, almond, apple and orange. These bars are supposed to be eaten between meals as a complement of the nutrients of the usual diet. The production process is an adaptation of the traditional confectionary techniques and was improved for the 5 bars. The production process of the coating sheet (oblate) was also studied. The controls showed that all the bars had a good microbiological quality and an excellent sensory quality. The humidity fluctuated between 6.85 and 13.66%., with an aw of 0.795. The caloric distribution per cent was 8:40:52. The energetic supply was 520 Kcal/100g; so, the ingest of two displays covers between 25-30% of recommended intake for the most frequently practiced sports. The shelf life studies of the product stored in ambiental conditions (20-25 degrees C and 55-60% RH) showed that the product without additives maintained its good quality up to 60 days. The product plus preservative as well as plus antioxidant stays without quality modifications up to at least 120 days, neither rancid odor no rancid flavor was detected. So, we conclude that it is nor necessary to add any antioxidant. The double sheet polypropilene package film showed very good characteristics in protecting the quality of the product.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1992

[Functional evaluation of a nutritional energy supplement in athletes].

A nutritional caloric supplement as bar in 5 different flavours was evaluated in 9 sportsmen that ate daily 1040 Kcal/100 g extra during 8 weeks. Anthropometric measurements were used for weight, body fat, lean body mass and functional test for VO2 max, anaerobic threshold (AnT) and anaerobic power (AnP). Both tolerance and acceptability were evaluated too. Other similar sportsmen group was employed as control. Positives answers were registered in VO2 max (8.74%) and AnP (p < or = .04), meanwhile the rest of parameters remained without alterations, the same of control group. Test TAT evidence a high preference and a tolerance without deleterious effect. In conclusion, the product evaluated is an excellent ergogenic aid in effort with elevated energetic demand.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Clonotypic antibodies which stimulate T cell clone proliferation.

We have prepared a variety of antisera which recognize the T cell receptors on both alloreactive and antigen-specific functional clones. The antisera specifically stimulate the immunizing T cell clones to proliferate without cross-stimulating a variety of other clones and are thus clonotypic. The antisera specifically precipitate an 82k molecular weight complex unique to the immunizing clone and an independent common component present on all the helper T cell clones tested. The 82k molecular weight complex consists of a heterodimer, which can be resolved into an acidic (a) chain and a more basic (beta) chain. The beta subunit differs in its isoelectric focusing pattern when isolated from two A derived clones which recognize and respond to different alloantigens. Thus, the functional specificity of the antibodies is reflected in identifiable changes in molecules at the biochemical level.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Arsenic in the drinking water of the city of Antofagasta: epidemiological and clinical study before and after the installation of a treatment plant.

This is a second report of epidemiological and clinical investigation, related to the arsenic health problem, unique in the world, occurring in the city of Antofagasta, Chile. The arsenic problem originates in the chronic contamination of water supply in the city during 12 years. This phenomena, investigated clinically and epidemiologically and first reported in 1971, prompted the installation of a water treatment plant. This report aims to evaluate the working efficiency of the plant. The study was carried out through the examination of arsenic content in hair and nail clipping samples of the inhabitants of Antofagasta and the determination of this element in cultivated vegetables and carbonated beverages. Also a clinical study in school children, looking for cutaneous lesions attributed to arsenicism, was made. Results are encouraging. They reveal that contamination persists but in significantly lower levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Complete covalent structure of a human IgA1 immunoglobulin.

The complete covalent structure has been determined for a human myeloma IgA1 immunoglobulin. This protein has unique features in the amino acid sequence and disulfide bridge structure of the variable (V) and constant (C) regions of both the alpha heavy and the lambda light chains, and in the number and loci of oligosaccharides. Whereas C region domains of heavy chains have evolved independently over eons, recent isotypic variations have occured in lambda light chains and possibly in alpha heavy chains.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Health reforms in Europe].

Health care systems share some common features all over Europe both in terms of strengths and weaknesses. Health care reforms have been implemented in Europe to overcome those weaknesses. Contracting as a way of health services provision is an outstanding feature of most reforms. Financing and management changes as a result of contracting are briefly reviewed. The importance of the cultural and economic environment cannot be overstressed and it is wise to implement contracting systems after pilot experiences.

Contract Services↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reform of health systems in Latin America and the Caribbean: situation and trends].

In the early 1990s, most Latin American and Caribbean countries were beginning, or planning to begin, health sector reform processes. This paper presents the status and trends of health sector reform at the end of the 1990s. The authors relied on information in 20 health system and services profiles completed by the Pan American Health Organization between August 1998 and October 1999. The analysis, which follows a methodology that had been applied earlier, was organized on two different levels: (1) monitoring the reform processes (dynamics and content) and (2) evaluating their outcomes. In looking at the dynamics of the reform processes, the article examines the context in which they take place and the actors involved in their different phases: inception, design and negotiation, implementation, and evaluation. The description and analysis of the contents of health sector reform initiatives are organized into 12 broad thematic areas. Outcomes evaluation was only possible in the eight countries that provided enough pertinent information, and should be viewed as preliminary. Nevertheless, the article does present detailed information on the outcomes of health sector reform in terms of equity, effectiveness and quality, efficiency, sustainability, and societal participation and control. The article also discusses the potential causes and determining factors for the observed outcomes.

Caribbean Region↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Quality and health care reform in Latin America and the Caribbean].

Improving the quality of basic health services, together with the search for equity, efficiency, sustainability, and social participation, has been one of the guiding principles of health sector reform initiatives ever since the I Summit of the Americas was held in 1994. This article addresses some basic concepts, examines the status of quality control within health systems and services in Latin America and the Caribbean, and analyzes the most important trends observed in the Region in the establishment of quality assurance programs. Finally, ways of improving and monitoring quality continuously and sustainable are recommended.

Caribbean Region↗