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Biomedical subjects

A Ibrahim

Publications and source records attributed to A Ibrahim.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Post-prostatectomy auto-irrigation with furosemide in the tropics.

A progressive study was carried out in 49 patients who underwent prostatectomy (10 transurethrally and 39 transvesically) to assess the effects of furosemide given intravenously for post-operative bladder irrigation. All 10 transurethral patients and 17 of the transvesical patients received furosemide, the remaining 22 patients receiving formal external bladder irrigation with saline. The results showed that post-operative infection was lowest and bed stay shortest in the patients with furosemide auto-irrigation. There was also less need for blood transfusion. No significant changes in haemoglobin and packed cell volume were observed in the transurethral patients; however, both decreased significantly in all 39 patients with transvesical prostatectomy, whether or not furosemide was used. Auto-irrigation with furosemide was found to be associated with a significant post-operative decrease in serum potassium but not in serum sodium levels. When external irrigation with saline was used, there was a significant increase in serum sodium.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

A soluble adenosine triphosphate-dependent proteolytic system in human peripheral red blood cells.

A soluble adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent proteolytic system has been detected in human peripheral blood erythroid cells. Hemolysates prepared from reticulocyte-rich blood of subjects with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, treated pernicious anemia, and iron deficiency anemia or from pools of red blood cells enriched for reticulocytes by density gradient centrifugation were tested against a radioactive casein standard. Up to 57% of the casein was rendered trichloroacetic acid (TCA) soluble after incubation with such hemolysates for 60 minutes in the presence of 1.0 mmol/L ATP. In the absence of ATP or in hemolysates prepared from reticulocyte-poor blood as little as 6% to 10% of the casein was hydrolyzed. The proteolytic activity was found in the 100,000-g supernatant of active hemolysates and was blocked by hemin, N-ethylmaleimide, and sodium vanadate and thus resembles a previously described activity in rabbit reticulocytes. In the presence of ATP, similar lysates prepared from rabbit reticulocytes preferentially hydrolyzed the abnormal human hemoglobins Leiden and Gun Hill compared with hemoglobin A. These results suggest that there is an active ATP-dependent proteolytic system in young human erythroid cells that can degrade certain abnormal globin chains; the enzymatic activity is lost in the transition from reticulocyte to erythrocyte.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1985

A particle-associated ATP-dependent proteolytic activity in erythroleukemia cells.

An ATP-dependent proteolytic activity has been detected in both mouse erythroleukemia (Friend) cells and human (K562) erythroleukemia cells. Exposure of the Friend cells to dimethyl sulfoxide, which stimulates differentiation, increased ATP-dependent proteolysis approximately 2-fold although inducing differentiation in the K562 line had no significant effect on proteolysis. In contrast to the previously described soluble ATP-dependent proteolytic system of reticulocytes, the activity in the more primative erythroid cells is associated with a particulate fraction and is readily sedimentable by centrifugation at 100,000 X g for 1 h. Like the soluble reticulocyte system, the particulate activity requires divalent cation and is inhibited by hemin as well as vanadate. The activity was isolated on a sucrose cushion (30%) and did not appear to be associated with membranes, cytoskeleton, or polysomes. This enzymatic activity which degrades abnormal globin chains may initially reside in a particulate fraction and then become solubilized during erythroid maturation to the reticulocyte stage. Alternatively, the particulate activity may disappear with cell maturation being replaced by a distinct soluble activity. ATP-dependent proteolytic activity is eventually lost with reticulocyte maturation and further aging of erythrocytes.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1985

Plasmodium falciparum in vitro: diminished growth in hemoglobin H disease erythrocytes.

Studies of the ability of Plasmodium falciparum to grow in vitro in the red blood cells of subjects with certain beta-thalassemia syndromes are often difficult to interpret because of the known inhibitory effect of an elevated cellular content of human fetal hemoglobin (HbF). P falciparum therefore was cultured in vitro in the erythrocytes of subjects with hemoglobin H (HbH) disease and various other alpha-thalassemia genotypes that are unaccompanied by increased levels of HbF. Growth of the malaria parasite was markedly retarded in HbH red blood cells, when compared with growth in blood from normal control subjects. No consistent impairment of growth was seen in the erythrocytes of subjects having deletion of only one or two alpha-globin genes. These results indicate that erythrocytes with a severe thalassemia phenotype provide a less hospitable growth environment for P falciparum than normally hemoglobinized red blood cells, even in the absence of increased levels of HbF.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Changes in urinary pH and glomerular filtration rate in partially obstructed canine kidney.

The creatinine clearance and urinary pH changes were studied in 12 male dogs in whom the ureters were unilaterally obstructed for periods ranging from 2 days to 27 weeks. The obstruction was then released and the recovery was studied. Using the contralateral kidney as control, significant drop in the creatinine clearance was observed to be consistently associated with failure to produce acidic urine. The obstructed kidneys with urinary pH above 7.00 had significant reduction in creatinine clearance when compared with obstructed kidneys with urinary pH 7.00 or less (p less than 0.005). The marked drop in the creatinine clearance and rise in urinary pH was observed to occur in kidneys obstructed for more than 3 weeks. With obstruction for shorter periods, the ability to produce acidic urine is preserved and the recovery potential is good.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Recovery of radiologically functionless obstructed kidneys.

Eleven patients had radiologically non-functioning and unilaterally obstructed kidneys with normal kidneys on the other side. The kidneys were divided into three groups according to the urinary pH of the obstructed kidney at operation: Group 1 (pH 6.0 or less); Group 2 (pH 6.1-7.1); Group 3 (pH greater than 7.1). The obstruction was corrected in all patients despite the pre-operative radiological findings or the morphological appearance at operation. Radiological recovery was assessed 2 months post-operatively and was found to be good in all patients in Group 1. In Group 2, recovery was good in one patient, moderate in two and absent in one. In Group 3 there was no evidence of radiological recovery in either patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Traumatic diaphragmatic rupture involving the pericardium.

We have described a case of severe blunt injury to the thorax and abdomen causing an 8 cm laceration of the central tendon of the diaphragm, with extension into the pericardium. Herniation of the apex of the heart through this defect produced hypotension that was unresponsive to fluid resuscitation. Replacement of the heart into the mediastinum promptly restored the blood pressure to satisfactory levels.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1983

The medical treatment of male infertility.

Mesterolone, HCG and PMS, clomiphene and various other drugs were administered to 236 subfertile patients with disturbed spermatogenesis. Most of the patients received mesterolone. The effects of the various therapeutic regimes are discussed. Improvement of the sperm count and spermatozoal motility was more frequent after mesterolone treatment than after HCG and PMS or after clomiphene. 14 wives of patients in the mesterolone group became pregnant and gave birth to normal children. There were two pregnancies in the gonadotropin group and 3 in the clomiphene group. Specific treatment of the few patients with varicocele or epididymitis led to improved findings in the spermiogram.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Antisperm antibodies and human infertility.

In a trial to evaluate the role of antisperm antibodies in human infertility, 120 couples (30 normal controls and 90 suffering from various types of infertility) were examined for the presence of agglutinating antibodies (by the Kibrick and Franklin-Dukes methods) and immobilizing antibodies in the serum, cervical mucus, and seminal plasma. In the male partners the highest and most significant incidence was found in the serum and seminal plasma of the group with poor sperm motility. In the female partners the highest and most significant incidence was found in the serum and cervical mucus of the group with unexplained infertility. It was concluded that it is greatly advisable to test for antisperm antibodies in selected groups of infertile couples.

Adolescent↗