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Biomedical subjects

A I Volobuev

Publications and source records attributed to A I Volobuev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Female reproductive function in areas affected by radiation after the Chernobyl power station accident.

This paper reports the results of a comprehensive survey of the effects of the accidental release of radiation caused by the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power station in April 1986. The accident and the resulting release of radiation and radioactive products into the atmosphere produced the most serious environmental contamination so far recorded. We have concentrated on evaluating the outcomes and health risks to women, their reproductive situation, and consequences for their progeny. We have concentrated on two well-defined areas: the Chechersky district of the Gomel region in Belorussia and the Polessky district of the Kiev region in the Ukraine. A number of investigations were carried out on 688 pregnant women and their babies, and data were obtained from 7000 labor histories of the development of newborns for a period of 8 years (3 years before the accident and 5 years after it). Parameters examined included birth rate, thyroid pathology, extragenital pathology such as anemias, renal disorders, hypertension, and abnormalities in the metabolism of fats, complications of gestation, spontaneous abortions, premature deliveries, perinatal morbidity and mortality, stillbirths and early neonatal mortality, infections and inflammatory diseases, neurological symptoms and hemic disturbances in both mothers and infants, trophic anomalies, and biochemical and structural changes in the placenta. Several exogenous, complicating influences were also considered such as psycho-emotional factors, stress, lifestyle changes, and others caused directly by the hazardous situation and by its consequences such as treatment, removal from affected areas, etc.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Accidents↗
PubMed1993

[Early rehabilitative physiotherapy following microsurgical operations on the fallopian tubes].

Clinical data, the findings of biorhythmologic studies and the results of kymographic perturbation evidence the efficacy of early restorative treatment with the use of preformed physical factors early (starting from the first day) after reconstructive microsurgery. Such treatment accelerates the postoperative adaptation of the body, improves the anatomy and function of the uterine tubes and promises a more favorable prognosis for the reproductive function recovery. Criteria for the differentiated application of 3 physical factors are presented, intermittent low-frequency magnetic field, supersonic current, low-frequency monopolar rectangular pulses for electrostimulation of the uterine tubes.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Predicting the outcome of labor in women with contracted pelvis].

The authors suggest that the coefficient, representing the ratio between the sizes of the small pelvis section and fetal head section, be used for the prediction of labor outcome for the fetus in women with a contracted pelvis. When the coefficient values K1-K4 were lower than 1.32, 1.35, 0.68, and 0.79, more than 90% of the newborns developed signs of cerebral circulation disorders, this prompting the use of cesarean section for this group of pregnant women. Timely correction of the policy of labor management with due consideration for the anatomical features of the pelvis helped reduce the perinatal mortality in multigravidae to 5/1000, mainly at the expense of carrying out planned cesarean section and monitoring in labor.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1991

[Status of the feto-placental system in pregnant women with a history of habitual abortion during complex therapy including metabolic correction].

Fifty-two women suffering from habitual abortions, referred to high-risk group in respect of placental insufficiency development, were followed up over the course of pregnancy. Metabolic correction was added to the complex of therapy of some of these patients, the rest were administered basic therapy alone. The examinations revealed placental insufficiency signs in 78.8% of these women. Placental insufficiency in the examined group was characterized by enlarged intervillous space and a longer period necessary for filling this space, reduced linear rate of the blood stream in this space, as well as by reduced levels of the fetoplacental hormones and activation of lipid peroxidation. Addition of metabolic therapy to the complex of therapeutic measures helped reduce the incidence of placental insufficiency by 17.4% and reduce more than twofold the incidence of fetal hypoxia and hypotrophy .

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1991

[Diagnosis and treatment of placental insufficiency in patients with congenital heart defects].

The fetoplacental system was studied in 80 patients with congenital heart disease by placental scintigraphy, cardiotocography, and ultrasonic examination. Disordered uteroplacental blood flow was detected in 52 of the 64 patients, small-for-date fetuses in 36 of the 80, and chronic fetal hypoxia in 48 of the 72 patients. The authors come to a conclusion that a congenital heart disease is a risk factor in respect of placental insufficiency development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[State of the mammary glands in hypergonadotropic amenorrhea].

This study included 62 women with hypergonadotropic amenorrhea. Clinical, hormonal, genetic, laparoscopic and histologic studies revealed three types of the disease: resistant ovary syndrome, dystrophic ovary syndrome, and "pure" gonadal dysgenesis. Mammary function and architectonics were correlated with gynecologic conditions. Fibrocystic breast disease was identified in 64.9% of patients with resistant ovary syndrome, and fatty glandular degeneration was seen in dystrophic ovary syndrome; pure gonadal dysgenesis was associated with breast hypoplasia, poor structural differentiation and prevalence of adipose tissue in the mammary glands.

Amenorrhea↗
PubMed1990

[Diagnosis of placental insufficiency in patients with acquired heart defects].

The feto-placental unit has been evaluated in 102 patients with acquired heart disease presenting as different circulatory states (Grade 0 insufficiency in 43, Grade I in 34 and Grade II A-B in 25 women). Placental scintigraphy was performed in 102, cardiotocography in 77, ultrasonographic fetal and placental biometry in 102 and placental pathological examination in 15 women. The neonatal study included 104 infants, with 2 twin pairs. Scintigraphy revealed utero-placental blood flow (UPBF) impairment in 72 (70.6%) pregnancies; cardiotocography showed chronic fetal hypoxia in 51 (66.1%) and ultrasonography showed intrauterine growth retardation in 44 (43.1%) pregnancies. Disorders of UPBF coexisted with chronic fetal hypoxia and intrauterine growth retardation in 33 (42.8%) pregnancies, with chronic fetal hypoxia in 18 (23.4%) pregnancies. Impairment of UPBF alone was seen in 13 (16.9%) pregnancies. The digoxin test was done concomitantly with placental scintigraphy in 28 patients; it improved diagnostic precision and provided a measure of compensation of impaired UPBF.

Female↗
PubMed1990

[The function of the hepatobiliary system in patients who have had inflammatory diseases of the uterus and adnexa].

The function of the hepatobiliary system was studied on 60 women, undergone inflammatory diseases in the uterus and adnexa. The women of the basic group (n = 60) were divided into two subgroups in accordance with the state of genital organs. The first subgroup (n = 39) included women with residual manifestation of chronic salpingo-oophoritis. The second subgroup (n = 21) included women with tumours and tumour-like processes of genital organs, occurred on the back ground of a continuous inflammatory process. The control group included 10 healthy women. Dynamic scintigraphy of the liver and gallbladder utilizing Tc99 radionuclide with short duration of life, was used to determine the functional state of the liver and gallbladder together with biochemical parameters of blood. The obtained results showed that there were significant changes in hepatobiliary system of women with residual manifestations of chronic salpingo-oophoritis. In women with tumours and tumour-like processes of genitals, occurred on the background of continuous inflammatory process, there were significant disturbances in the engulfing-depurating function of the liver and gallbladder of hypokinetic type.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical value of determining the levels of renin, aldosterone and vasopressin in newborn infants in critical conditions].

The concentrations of aldosterone, vasopressin and plasma renin activity were measured in cord blood and on days 1, 3 and 5 of life in 71 newborn infants from the risk group at the development of critical conditions. Vasopressin was discovered to play a substantial role in the development of critical conditions. The lack of a considerable vasopressin ejection in response to a delivery trouble and the growth of its concentration by day 5 of life are prognostically unfavourable. Hyperactivity of the renin-aldosterone system determines the newborns' proneness to liquid and sodium retention.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1990

[Breast diseases in patients with hyperandrogenism].

The study has been undertaken in 40 women with excessive androgen levels in the age range of 22 to 38 years. Various types of mastopathy were found in 34 and fatty degeneration of the glandular tissue in 6 women. On the basis of clinical and laboratory studies, the patients were assigned to 3 groups: ovarian hyperandrogenism, adrenal and ovarian-adrenal hyperandrogenism. Breast hyperplasia was seen in all groups, but adenofibrosis occurred in groups I and III at a 2-2.5-fold higher rate as compared with group II. The patients with hyperandrogenism, anovulation, increased body mass index, low hirsute number and polycystic ovaries were at the highest risk of dyshormonal mammary hyperplasia. An adequate therapeutic approach was suggested for mastopathies in hyperandrogenic patients.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[Value of roentgenography of the bones of the skull vault and the sella turcica for the prognosis of the effectiveness of the treatment of infertility in patients with hyperandrogenia].

Thorough clinical and roentgenological examinations of the skull were conducted in 83 infertile patients with hyperandrogenism. The parameters of their health status evidenced various degrees of androgenism. The roentgenological picture of their skull and Turkish saddle was significantly different from the normal one. A small and round-shaped pattern of the Turkish saddle was significantly more often documented in the hyperandrogenic females whose infertility treatment was a failure. These prognostic criteria should be considered when the practicability of the treatment for this pattern of infertility is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The use of a digital x-ray diagnostic unit in the obstetrical clinic].

The paper gives account of advantages and disadvantages of ultrasonic and conventional X-ray pelvimetries for diagnosing the contracted pelvis in obstetrics. It also describes a basically new X-ray pelvimetry by using a digital X-ray unit one of whose basic advantages is a low maternal and fetal load (one-twentieth as high as routine X-ray pelvimetry). X-ray pelvimetry with the use of the digital X-ray unit was performed in 366 pregnant and parturient women, of them 188 showed various forms of the anatomically contracted pelvis. Out of them 47% had deliveries by cesarean operation. The potentialities of this unit make it possible to predict both the biomechanism of labor and its outcome.

Equipment Design↗