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Biomedical subjects

A I Obeid

Publications and source records attributed to A I Obeid.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Treatment of acute aortic insufficiency with sodium nitroferricyanide. Documentation of beneficial effect by noninvasive means.

The findings in a patient with acute aortic insufficiency who was treated with sodium nitroferricyanide (sodium nitroprusside) prior to aortic valve replacement are presented. Administration of the drug resulted in clinical improvement, which was reflected in changes in systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures and in noninvasive measurements. Sodium nitroferricyanide is useful in the management of patients with severe acute aortic insufficiency, and its effect may be monitored by noninvasive means.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1977

Hemodynamic and plasma renin effects of propranolol in essential hypertension.

Hemodynamics and plasma renin activity were measured in 20 ambulatory hospital inpatients with untreated mild to moderate essential hypertension. The control measurements were made after a period of four to seven days just on a diet containing 10 mEq sodium per day. The measurements were repeated following a week of oral propranolol hydrochloride therapy plus the low salt diet. Heart rate (P less than .001), mean arterial pressure (P less than .001), cardiac output (P less than .05), and plasma renin activity (P less than .05) were reduced in the majority of these patients following propranolol therapy but stroke volume increased (P less than .05). Corrected ejection time and total peripheral resistance did not show significant change. The antihypertensive effect of propranolol could not be related to its hyporeninemic effect or to the fall in cardiac output. Under the experimental conditions of this study, no single parameter, either hemodynamic or plasma renin activity, was predictive of a definite antihypertensive response to propranolol therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Varied manifestations of left atrial myxoma and the relationship of echocardiographic patterns of tumor size.

Four cases of left atrial myxoma with varied clinical manifestations were diagnosed with echocardiographic studies prior to cardiac catheterization and surgery. The unusual clinical features include Raynaud's phenomenon and intermittent claudication. The echocardiographic features of the atrial myxoma appear to be related to tumor size. Systematic echocardiographic evaluation of patients with mitral valvular disease and systemic and cerebral vascular insufficiency will undoubtedly increase the positive diagnostic results in patients with atrial myxomas. Removal of these tumors results in normalization of the echocardiographic pattern.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Fluid therapy in severe systemic reaction to radiopaque dye.

Two patients developed severe vascular collapse after left ventriculography with organic iodides. Hemodynamic monitoring showed marked reduction in systemic pressures. In one patient there was no response to the standard therapeutic measures in anaphylactic reactions, and prompt response to fluid administration was obtained. In the second patient response was prompt to fluids, adrenalin, and hydrocortisone.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1975

Effects of coronary artery ligation and release and perfusion with glucose on cardiac energy metabolism in dogs.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), glycogen, and inorganic phosphorus (Pi) were assayed in myocardial tissues obtained from beating dog hearts subjected to the following procedures: Group 1. Ligation of anterior descending coronary artery(AD) for 60 min. Group 2. Perfusion of the AD with 20 mM glucose in Ringer's solution containing 1 mU regular insluin/ml, for 60 min. Group 3. Ligation of the AD for 60 min, followed by release of the ligature with re-establishment of blood flow for 30 min. Group 4. Perfusion of the AD with 20 mM glucose in Ringer's solution containing 1 mU/ml regular insulin for 60 min, followed by re-establishment of blood flow for 30 min. Samples from normal myocardium (N zone) and from the area supplied by the AD (I zone) were simultaneously obtained and the level of metabolites compared. In all four groups, ATP was significantly lower in I than N zone. However, ATP values were lower in N zone in group 1 as compared with the other groups (p less than 0.05) and higher in I zone in group 3 versus groups 1 and 2 (p less than 0.05). Glycogen was lower in I than N zones to a similar degree in all the groups. However, it was higher in the I zone in group 3 than in group 1 (p less than 0.05). Pi was significantly higher in I zone versus N zone only in group 1 (p less than 0.05). These data suggest that, the the beating dog heart, ATP and glycogen preservation in a myocardial segment rendered ischemic for 1 hour is best achieved by re-establishing circulation. Glucose infusion into the ischemic segment did not contribute significantly to the ATP stores in that segment but may have exerted a protective effect on the nonischemic zones, possibly by providing a high glucose level in the circulating blood. This protection was equally well achieved by release of the ligature with or without prior glucose infusion. The increase in Pi in the ischemic zone in the dogs with coronary ligation only is probably related to accumulation of the ion under ischemic and hypoxic conditions.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of pulmonary vein stenosis by transesophageal echocardiography.

Pulmonary vein stenosis was diagnosed by transesophageal echocardiography in five patients who underwent the study for different clinical indications. Stenosis was encountered in the right upper pulmonary vein in two patients, the right lower pulmonary vein in two patients, and at the confluence of the left pulmonary veins in one patient. In only one patient was the diagnosis suspected on transthoracic echocardiography. Contralateral normal veins from the same patient served as the control. Vessel diameter and peak flow velocity were measured and compared. The diameter of the stenosed veins ranged from 0.3 to 0.8 cm (mean 0.4 +/- 0.09 cm [SEM]), whereas for normal veins the diameter was 0.9 to 1.2 cm (mean 1.0 +/- 0.05 cm [SEM]; p < 0.001). Peak flow velocity in the stenosed veins ranged from 1.1 to 1.6 m/sec (mean 1.4 +/- 0.1 m/sec [SEM]), whereas in normal veins peak flow velocity ranged from 0.4 to 0.7 m/sec (mean 0.6 +/- 0.04 m/sec [SEM]; p < 0.001). There was a strong negative correlation between vessel diameter and peak flow velocity (R = 0.89; p < 0.001). Peak flow velocity of 0.8 m/sec appears to provide the best separation between normal and stenosed pulmonary veins. We conclude that pulmonary vein stenosis is associated with increased flow velocity and turbulence and deformity of the flow signal. Transesophageal echocardiography is a powerful tool in the study of pulmonary vein stenosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Coronary artery fistula: diagnosis by biplane transesophageal echocardiography.

A 56-year-old man underwent coronary angiography during evaluation of severe mitral regurgitation. A right coronary artery fistula was incidentally discovered but its site of termination was uncertain. Transthoracic echocardiography also did not reveal the location of its drainage. The correct diagnosis of a right coronary artery to left atrial fistula was made using biplane transesophageal echocardiography. This case demonstrates the utility of biplane transesophageal echocardiography in the diagnosis of the origin and termination of congenital coronary artery anomalies.

Coronary Vessel Anomalies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cor triatriatum with isolated pulmonary venous stenosis in an adult: diagnosis with transesophageal two-dimensional echocardiography.

The diagnosis of cor triatriatum in an adult was made from routine two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography. The findings of aliasing and turbulence in the roof of the left atrium suggested pulmonary venous stenosis. A transesophageal echocardiogram defined both the hemodynamic features of nonobstructing cor triatriatum and the presence of isolated pulmonary venous stenosis. The clinical use of transesophageal echocardiography with color flow Doppler in the elucidation of complex anatomic substrate is demonstrated.

Constriction, Pathologic↗