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Biomedical subjects

A Hunt

Publications and source records attributed to A Hunt.

121 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

The effect of trauma on the activity of central noradrenergic neurones.

Changes in the concentration of the main noradrenaline metabolite in rat brain, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenylethyleneglycol sulphate (MOPEG-SO4) have been studied during and after injury by limb ischaemia. In the hypothalamus the MOPEG-SO4 concentration rose in about 30 min to a new plateau level which was maintained during a 4 h period of bilateral hind-limb ischaemia and then rose further when the circulation to the limbs was restored. After about 2 h hind-limb ischaemia the concentration in the hind-brain, particularly in the caudal half, rose progressively and this rise continued when the tourniquets were removed after 4 h. Limb ischaemia did not affect the MOPEG-SO4 concentration in the cerebellum but the concentration rose in the cerebrospinal fluid. Attempts to study the production of MOPEG-SO4 in more detail by inhibiting its transport from the brain with probenecid were not helpful and reasons are given for thinking that probenecid is not a useful tool for this type of investigation. The results are considered to provide further evidence that trauma activates ascending and descending pathways which arise from the noradrenergic nerve cells in the hind-brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The effects of diet, lipolysis and limb ischaemia on the distribution of plasma tryptophan in the rat.

A non-linear relationship between the plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentration and the percentage of free plasma tryptophan was found in rats in different nutritional states, although non-esterified fatty acids are not the only factors determining the percentage of free tryptophan. This relationship was not seen in rats injured by limb ischaemia. The effect of drugs causing rapid increases in the plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentration was also studied. Isoprenaline decreased the total plasma tryptophan concentration. Dichloroisoprenaline caused a sustained increase in the plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentration which was accompanied by an increase in the concentration of free plasma tryptophan and followed by a fall in the concentration of total tryptophan. The loss of tryptophan from the plasma was attributed to an altered distribution of tryptophan in the extracellular space rather than to increased metabolism. This interpretation was supported by determinations of the irreversible disposal rate of plasma tryptophan which in uninjured rats was unaffected by the concentration of free plasma tryptophan. In the injured rats this rate was unaltered during limb ischaemia but was decreased after removal of the tourniquets; increased competition for tissue entry by other neutral amino acids and the fall in body temperature could be factors in this fall.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Impact of dining room environment on nutritional intake of Alzheimer's residents: a case study.

This case study, in a Veterans Affairs Alzheimer's unit, was conducted to evaluate noise and lighting conditions at mealtimes and to assess the food intake of ambulatory dementia residents. The case study compared the noise, lighting, and nutritional intake of 16 Alzheimer's residents eating the same cycle menu in the extended-care (EC) dining room and the Alzheimer's unit (AU) dining room five weeks later. Noise was significantly lower in the EC (p < or = .02). Lighting was significantly higher in the EC (p < or = .001). Intake of calories and protein was slightly higher, with some days significantly higher, in the AU. Total five-day fluid intake at breakfast was significantly higher in the AU (p < or = .02). Although residents' total food and fluid intake was higher in the AU, the project identified a need to decrease noise and increase lighting in the AU. Lighting enhancement and noise reduction may further improve intake, which, in turn, may promote improved nutritional status.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the differences of opinion in the histopathologic diagnosis of soft tissue tumors].

Evaluation of observers variation in the histopathologic diagnosis of soft tissue tumors. 260 cases of soft tissue tumors referred to the CTRC (Canadian Tumour Reference Center) for diagnostic opinion were reviewed. These tumors were collected from 98 different hospitals within the 10 canadian provinces and had been submitted to a specialized panel of pathologists having a particular interest in this field. 22 tumors of nonmesenchymal origin have been discarded. The main problem posed by the contributors related to the histologic typing of overtly malignant and sarcomatous tumors (122/238). Comparing the diagnoses proposed by contributors and the panel, a consensus in term of benign and malignant tumor was reached in 89% of the cases. Within this panel, there was consensus in 84% of the cases. However, regarding the histologic typing, a consensus was reached between contributors and the panel in only 65% of the studied cases. Within the panel, there was a majority diagnosis in merely 62% of them. A mean of three different diagnoses were proposed for each case. A review of the literature shows that histologic typing of soft tissue tumors is of only limited prognostic significance. On the other hand, the clinical staging comprising histologic grade, size, depth, local growth and metastases is essential to establish prognosis and treatment. However, since certain tumors respond differently to treatment, a precise histopathologic diagnosis using immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy is mandatory.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

291 Harrow Road.

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Facility Design and Construction↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gaining new understanding of tuberous sclerosis.

Although tuberous sclerosis is associated severe learning disability, it is also a physical disorder with growths that affect any part of the body. Recent genetic research explains the diversity of the condition. The behavioural phenotype of tuberous sclerosis has shown the autism and attention deficit disorder associated with the brain lesions.

Adult↗