[A case of acute leukemia that showed differentiation stage of myelocyte].
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Bone Marrow↗
Biomedical subjects
A Horiuchi
Publications and source records attributed to A Horiuchi.
[Investigation of the preventive effect of CoQ10 against the side-effects of anthracycline antineoplastic agents].
This study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in the prevention of side effects due to anthracycline agents-Adriamycin (ADM) and Daunorubicin (DNR)-by comparing the preventive effect between CoQ10-treated and non-treated groups. The subjects were 79 patients, 55 of whom had malignant lymphoma. The age range was from 16 to 77 years with a mean age of 45.4 years. CoQ10 was administered by intravenous drip at 1 mg/kg/day the day before ADM or DNR administration, on the day and for a further 2 days after administration. In mean total dose, complete remission rate and mortality, no significant differences were observed between the 2 groups. Although there were also no significant differences in the degree of alopecia, fever, nausea and vomiting, the incidences of diarrhea and stomatitis were significantly (p less than 0.10 and p less than 0.05, respectively) reduced in the CoQ10-treated group. Depression of ST waves (more than 0.05 mV) and changes in T waves (R/10 greater than T, flat, inversion) on ECG were regarded as a parameter of aggravation. Such ECG aggravation was found in 20 of 40 patients given CoQ10 (50.0%) and in 18 of 25 receiving none (72.0%); a cardiotoxicity-inhibiting tendency was thus evident (p less than 0.10). In heart rate, tachycardia was noted in the nontreated group when the period of use of anthracycline agents exceeded 8 weeks. Twenty nine patients received ADM or DNR for 8 weeks or more, and, of them, 17 were treated with CoQ10; 11 of the 17 (64.7%) showed ECG aggravation, while 11 of 12 patients (91.7%) not treated with CoQ10 showed ECG aggravation. A tendency to depress ECG aggravation was thus observed in the treated group (p less than 0.10).
Adolescent↗
[Clinical effects of COG-78 on severe infections complicated with hematopoietic diseases--a comparative study on cross-over method].
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Aged↗
A 10-year follow-up study of per oral glucose tolerance at annual physical examinations.
In order to elucidate the factors influencing glucose intolerance. 100 g oral glucose tolerance tests serially performed at annual physical examinations over a 10-year period were studied. On the initial examination in 356 subjects, 44.8% were normal and 7.1% diabetic according to the criteria of 100 g OGTT recommended by the Japan Diabetes Society in 1970. For the 10-year follow-up study, the subjects were classified into 2 groups, 30s and 40s, by age at initial examination. The prevalence of obesity in the 30s group the at the 10th year was significantly higher than that of the 40s at the baseline (p less than 0.05). The rate of normal OGTT in the 30s group at the 10th year was significantly lower than that in the 40s group at the baseline (p less than 0.01). When compared with 119 age- and sex-matched employees of a certain bank, the incidence of diabetic OGTT was identical, but obesity was less prevalent in the 40s group from SONY. These results indicate that obesity increases the rate of glucose intolerance in subjects under 40 years of age, but in subjects aged 41 years and over diabetic predisposition appears to play an important role.
Adult↗
Impaired vibratory perception as a criterion of diabetic neuropathies.
Among neurological findings in diabetics, increased vibratory perception threshold (VTP) and abnormal ankle jerks are thought to be two of the most common. This study aims to determine the diagnostic value of VPT by C128-vibrometer. Mean VPT in a reference group composed of 278 non-diabetics showed regression with age, so the normal range was determined as lying below M + 2SD for each 10 year age range in the reference group. The mean VPT in each age group of 667 diabetic subjects was found to be approximately equal to M + 1SD of the values for the non-diabetics. After 10 days on a proper diet in the hospital, VPT showed a marked improvement in well controlled cases. In a 3 year follow up study, it was found that constant impairment of vibratory perception was common in the group with a high prevalence of microangiopathies. Though impaired VPT is reversible, it is useful as a diagnostic aid for diabetes.
Adult↗
Trend of macroangiopathy in diabetics studied by postmortem examination.
In recent years, both a numerical and relative increase in the morbidity of cardiovascular and cerebral vascular diseases has been noted in Japanese diabetics. The trend of macroangiopathy in the period between 1953 and 1980 was studied in 210 autopsy cases (Group A: 1953-62, 27 cases, Group B: 1963-72, 43 cases and Group C: 1973-80, 140 cases). The incidence of myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction as a primary cause of death was 25. 9% in Group A, 23.3% in Group B and 37.9% in Group C. From the autopsy findings, the morbidity of cardiovascular disease was 14.8%, 30.2% and 34.3% respectively. In order to elucidate the clinical risk factors, the age at death, duration of diabetes at the time of death, and incidence of hypertension and serum cholesterol in the past history were studied. The percentages of those aged over 70 at death was 18.5%, 23.3% and 42.8% respectively, and those of the cases with durations of more than 10 years was 25.9%, 40.5% and 51.8% respectively. The prevalence of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia was almost identical in each group. From the above, the previous increase in the death-rate due to coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease in Japanese diabetics is thought to be attributable to the increasing number of elderly diabetics of long duration.
Adult↗
Painless myocardial infarction in diabetics.
In order to evaluate differences between the initial manifestations of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in diabetics (DM) and non-diabetics (N-DM), 94 consecutive AMIs (DM 40, N-DM 54) were studied over a four-year period. Cases with abrupt onset associated with chest pain and/or discomfort in the areas of the chest and back were classified as the typical group (I). All other cases were classified as the atypical group (II). In subjects over the age of 60, 12 out of 33 DM had atypical manifestations, but only 3 out of 29 N-DM (p less than 0.05). In subjects aged 59 or less, the incidence of atypical cases was similar in the DM and N-DM groups. The initial symptoms of AMI were not correlated with type or location of infarction, nor with the type of treatment or presence of the ankle jerk reflex. Pre-infarction symptoms were present in 69% of Group I and 74% of Group II DM subjects. In Group II, 5 out of 16 patients had a history of typical angina, but had no chest pain at the onset of infarction. The post-AMI mortality within one month was 15% in the DM and 18% in the N-DM group. It was 14% in Group I and 25% in Group II. Mean CPK did not differ statistically between Group I and Group II. However, the Peel prognostic index was 11.0 +/- 5.1 for Group I and 15.5 +/- 5.0 for Group II (p less than 0.05) in subjects over the age of 60.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
The function of thymic reticuloepithelial cells in New Zealand mice.
This study was undertaken to clarify the function of thymic reticuloepithelial cells (TRC) in the New Zealand black (NZB) mouse as a model animal of human autoimmune disease. Attention was focused on whether or not any defect in the TRC function participating in the maturation process from immature T cells to mature T cells was present. Precursor T cells isolated from bone marrow cells were cultured with TRC. Induction of Thy-1.2 antigen on the surface of precursor T cells was measured, in addition to the increased responsiveness of precursor T cells to T-cell mitogens and in mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). When NZB mouse precursor T cells were cultured with normal mouse TRC, the induced T-cell function proved to be similar to the function noted when normal mouse precursor T cells were cultured with normal mouse TRC. On the other hand, when normal mouse precursor T cells were cultured with NZB mouse TRC, the induced T-cell function proved to be inferior to the one noted in culture with normal mouse TRC. From these results, it was concluded that the NZB mouse had nothing remarkable in precursor T cells, but something abnormal in the TRC function.
Animals↗
[Therapeutic effect of cefotaxime against severe infections in patients with hematopoietic diseases].
Seventy-five patients with severe infection accompanying hematologic disorder, including leukemia and malignant lymphoma, were treated with cefotaxime (CTX). CTX was administered by intravenous drip infusion at a daily dose ranging from 4 to 16 g for terms of 3 to 21 days. The total doses were ranged from 12 to 226 g. The results obtained were as follows: Clinical effects: Excellent in 20 cases, good in 21 cases, fair in 7 cases and poor in 27 cases. The efficacy rate was 54.7% (41/75). Clinical effectiveness on isolated organisms (27 cases): In single infection (21 cases), the efficacy rates were 80% for Gram-positive cocci, including S. aureus and 63.6% for Gram-negative bacilli other than P. aeruginosa. In mixed infection (6 cases), the rate was 50.0%. There were no significant differences in the efficacy rates for those patients who were grouped by the initial number of neutrophil (less than 100, 101--500 and over 501/mm3). There were no significant difference in the efficacy rates for those patients who were grouped by the initial number of lymphocyte (less than 500 and over 501/mm3). Side effects and abnormal laboratory findings: One case of skin rash and 2 cases of elevated GOT and GPT were observed. CTX was therefore considered as a clinically useful antibiotic for the severe infections even in neutropenic state in patients suffering from malignant hematological diseases.
Adolescent↗
[Phase II study with methyl-6[[[2-chloroethyl) nitrosoamino] carbonyl] amino]-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (MCNU) in hematological malignancies].
A total of 117 cases with hematological malignancies were treated with MCNU at doses of 70-100 mg/m2. Following are the results obtained. 1. MCNU showed a marked depression of cells in the cases with CML, polycythemia vera and thrombocythemia. The low level of cells was maintained for 2 to 7 months. 2. A good response was observed in several cases with blastic crises of CML. 3. No response was observed in two cases with acute leukemia. 4. Although a fair response was observed in several cases with malignant lymphoma or multiple myeloma, moderate bone marrow suppression was observed in a majority of the cases.
Adult↗
[Current status of monoclonal antibodies in autoimmune diseases and problems associated with their clinical application].
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Animals↗
[Cooperative studies on clinical effect of cefotetan for severe infections combined with hematologic disorders].
Seventy-six patients with severe infection accompanying hematologic disorders including leukemia and lymphoma were treated with intravenous drip infusion of cefotetan (CTT). Of the 66 cases in whom the efficacy could be evaluated, 22 cases responded markedly and 16 cases moderately, the effective rate being 57.6%. It is impressed that more cases responded markedly to CTT than to any other antibiotics previously studied. None of the cases revealed serious side effects attributable to CTT. These results indicate that CTT is an effective and safe antibiotic for the treatment of severe infection accompanying hematologic disorders. As CTT was administered to special cases under marked decrease of neutrocyte, the importance of neutrocyte in the treatment of infection was also indicated.
Adolescent↗
Application of simplified bioclean apparatuses for treatment of acute leukemia.
We used a portable horizontal laminar-air-flow clean bed and an open horizontal laminar-air-flow fan (clean wall unit) for treating patients with acute leukemia. The level of cleanliness as shown in the nonviable and viable particle counts was class 100 and class 1,000 at the head and foot, respectively, of the bed in the clean-bed rooms, while it was class 100 and class 10,000 respectively, in the clean-wall-unit rooms. The level of cleanliness in the open wards, on the other hand, was class 1,000,000. The incidence of infectious complications in the clean-bed rooms was 3.1/100 days when the granulocyte count was 1,000/mm3 or less, 3.9/100 days when the count was 500/mm3 or less and 6.1/100 days when it was 100/mm3 or less. In the clean-wall-unit rooms, these values were 3.1, 3.7 and 7.1, respectively, while in the open wards they were 4.6, 6.1 and 15.0. Thus, it was ascertained that, as the granulocyte count decreased, the incidence of infectious complications became significantly higher in the open wards than in the clean-bed rooms or the clean-wall-unit rooms. No complication of pneumonia was found in 37 patients with acute leukemia in the clean-bed rooms or in 40 in the clean-wall-unit rooms. Among 36 patients treated in the open wards, on the other hand, the complication of pneumonia was found in four. From the above results, it is believed that the use of clean-bed rooms or clean-wall-unit rooms is an extremely effective supplementary treatment method for preventing respiratory tract infection complications in patients with acute leukemia.
Adult↗
[Clinical evaluation of high dose intravenous injection of fosfomycin on the severe infections associated with the treatment of haematological disorders].
Fosfomycin (FOM) was administered intravenously to 65 cases of severe infections complicated with 62 cases of several haematological disorders. Out of 65 cases, 45 were treated with high doses FOM, i.e., 8 g per day or more. Another 20 cases were treated in usual doses of 4--6 g per day. Causative organisms were isolated from 52 cases of which 32 cases were Gram-negative bacilli and 19 cases were Gram-positive cocci. The effective rate of FOM was 57.8% in the high-dose treatment group (26/45) and 45.0% in the usual-dose treatment group (9/20), but the significant difference was not defined. Among 32 cases with Gram-negative bacilli infections, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Serratia marcescens, 15 cases were effective (47%). On the contrary, 14 out of 19 cases with Gram-positive cocci infections were effective (74%). Thirteen cases (50.0%) were effective even in which neutrophils were less than 500/cmm before FOM administration. Severe side effects were not observed, without 2 cases. One was skin eruption due to drug allergy and the other was suspected to be interstitial pneumonitis, but not confirmed pathologically. These data suggest that high dose treatment of FOM were useful for the severe infections even in neutropenic state in haematological disorders.
Adolescent↗
[Phase I study on oral administration of methyl-6-[[[(2-chloroethyl) nitrosoamino] carbonyl] amino]-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (MCNU)].
A total of 48 patients with various malignant disorders, mostly from hemopoietic organs, entered to phase I study of MCNU given orally. Fifty-six percent of the patients given MCNU at the doses of 50-125 mg/m2 complained of gastrointestinal symptoms including nausea and vomiting, which were however mild and well tolerated. In the following study employing administration of 50 mg/day of MCNU for consecutive 2-6 days, the gastrointestinal toxicities were reduced to 26.1%, and hematological toxicities of delayed leukopenia and thrombocytopenia were derived 4-6 weeks after oral intake of the drug. The hematological recovery required 1-2 weeks after the nadir of leukocyte and thrombocyte count. A recommended dose for phase II study of MCNU by the route of oral administration was 50 mg/body/day for consecutive 4-6 days in every 8 weeks interval. The peak value of blood concentration of MCNU was obtained 60-120 minutes after p.o. administration at the doses of 50-100 mg. Elimination half-life was estimated to be 40-45 minutes. No concentration of the drug was detected in blood 24 hours after the administration.
Administration, Oral↗
[A case of hepatoma associated with Vibrio vulnificus bacteremia and its bacteriological findings].
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Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
[Effects of cefoxitin in the treatment of severe infections in patients with hematopoietic disorders].
Cefoxitin (CFX) at a daily dose of 3 to 12 grams was administered to patients who had hematopoietic disorders as underlying diseases and having severe infections. Efficacy and safety of the drug were evaluated. The underlying diseases in the 64 patients included in the evaluation of efficacy were acute myelocytic leukemia (30 cases), acute lymphocytic leukemia (9), acute promyelocytic leukemia (3), acute monocytic leukemia (2), chronic myelocytic leukemia-blastic crisis (10), erythroleukemia (2), malignant lymphoma (2), aplastic anemia (2), and others (4). The infections were septicemia in 3 patients, suspected septicemia in 47, respiratory tract infections in 7, oral infections in 3, urinary tract infections in 2, and others in 2. The clinical efficacy of CFX was 'excellent' in 13 patients, 'good' in 26, 'fair' in 6, 'poor' in 19 for an efficacy rate of 60.9%. The efficacy rate classified according to infections was 66.7% in septicemia, 66.0% in suspected septicemia, 42.9% in respiratory tract infections and 66.7% in oral infection. The organisms isolated from the patients with septicemia were E. coli in 2 patients and B. cereus in 1. B. cereus was not susceptible to CFX. The efficacy rate was 60.0% in the 10 patients whose causative organisms were identified and 61.1% in the 54 patients whose causative organisms were not identified. There was no significant difference in the efficacy rate between the patients who had failed to respond to prior antibiotic therapy and those treated with CFX from the beginning. The efficacy rates for the former group (23 patients) and for the latter group (41 patients) were 56.5% and 63.4%, respectively. The efficacy rate in patients with an initial neutrophil count less than 500/mm3 (35 cases) and from 501 to 1,000/mm3 (13 cases) were 57.1% and 76.9%, respectively. Side effects which might have been caused by CFX were skin eruptions in 2 patients (2.6%) and transient elevation of GOT and GPT in 1 patient (1.3%) among 76 patients who were evaluated for safety. CFX was considered to be a markedly useful and safe drug in the treatment of patients with hematopoietic disorders who developed severe infections.
Adolescent↗