Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Horii

Publications and source records attributed to A Horii.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Double cancer in a 74-year-old woman: a case report with genetic findings.

An autopsy case of double cancer is reported. The patient had undergone right hemicolectomy for colon carcinoma in 1982, and the second cancer was detected in the pancreas in April 1989, which was diagnosed as intraductal papillary adenocarcinoma that is known for its favorable prognosis after surgical resection. However, as the patient did not consent to the operation, she died in August 1994, five years after the diagnosis of the second cancer. Histopathological study revealed neither recurrence nor metastasis of colon carcinoma. The pancreatic carcinoma metastasized to the lung, liver, and peritoneum. DNAs were extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue for molecular pathological examinations. Different mutations were found at codon 12 of the K-ras gene by nucleotide sequencing analysis: one in the colon and the other in the pancreas and lung. Over-expression of p53 protein was also detected in the colon by immunostaining. Replication error was not observed in these three tumors suggesting that a factor(s) other than genetic instability was playing a role in the development of double cancer in this patient.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Association of asialo-galactosyl beta 1-3N-acetylgalactosamine on the hinge with a conformational instability of Jacalin-reactive immunoglobulin A1 in immunoglobulin A nephropathy.

The O-glycans in Jacalin-binding immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) were released by gas-phase hydrazinolysis and were fractionated by gel filtration and reversed-phase HPLC. Four peaks (P1 to P4) were obtained. There was a significant shift from Peak 2 (monosialylated Gal beta 1-3GalNAc) to Peak 4 (asialo-Gal beta 1-3GalNAc) in the IgA-nephropathy group compared with the negative control group (P < 0.05). One of the functions of the carbohydrate side chains is to stabilize the three-dimensional structure of the glycopeptides. In order to evaluate the stability of the Jacalin-binding IgA1 molecule, the increase in turbidity as a consequence of the increase of the aggregated IgA1 level under the condition of high temperature (63 degrees C) was observed. The increase in the turbidity was significantly higher in the IgA nephropathy group compared with the negative control group (21.7 vs. 5.9% at 150 min, P < 0.02). From a sample of IgA1 solution that had originated from a pooled normal serum, heat-tolerant (nonaggregated) and intolerant (aggregated) IgA1 molecules were separated by gel filtration. The heat-intolerant IgA1 had lower amounts of sialic acid (27.4 micrograms/mg IgA1) than the tolerant IgA1 (37.6 micrograms/mg IgA1). Further, the analysis of the O-glycans released from another IgA1 sample by the hydrazinolysis revealed that the ratio of the asialo-Gal beta 1-3GalNAc/total Gal beta 1-3GalNAc in the heat-in-tolerant IgA1 (27.2%) was increased compared with that in the heat-tolerant IgA1 (18.2%). From these results, it was suggested that unusual glycosylation on the hinge region of Jacalin-binding IgA1 induced an insufficient conformational stiffness to the hinge peptide, resulting in the aggregation of the IgA1 molecule in IgA nephropathy.

Acetylgalactosamine↗
PubMed1996

Antioxidant enzymes response to endurance exercise training and dietary proteins in rat skeletal muscle and liver.

This study was conducted to observe the effects of endurance exercise training on antioxidant enzyme activity in the liver and gastrocnemius muscle of rats being fed dietary casein and soy protein. The respective influences of dietary casein and soy protein on the activity of antioxidant enzymes were also compared. Thirty-nine male Wistar rats, aged 3 weeks, were randomly assigned to six groups: a normal protein control group, a normal protein endurance training group, a casein protein control group, a casein protein endurance training group, a soy protein control group, and a soy protein endurance training group. The endurance exercise training groups were adapted to a treadmill for 2 weeks prior to the date the rats were forced to run for 60 min at 25 m/min, 5 days/week for 12 weeks. We found that antioxidant enzyme activity in the gastrocnemius muscle was neither effected by the dietary proteins (casein and soy protein) nor by the above endurance exercise training load. However, hepatic Cu,Zn-SOD activity increased significantly for the dietary casein and soy protein diet groups as compared with the normal protein diet group (P < 0.01). Furthermore, significant increases both in hepatic Cu,Zn-SOD activity in the normal protein group and hepatic GSHpx activity in the casein and soy protein groups were observed when rats were loaded with 25 m/min of endurance exercise training (P < 0.01). These results suggest that, under the above experimental conditions, a casein or soy protein diet increase hepatic Cu,Zn-SOD activity, while endurance exercise training is effective in increasing hepatic Cu;Zn-SOD activity on a normal protein diet and in increasing hepatic GSHpx activity for cysteine and methionine deficient diets.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Major salivary gland lesions: correlation of MR findings with flow cytometric DNA analysis and prognosis.

OBJECTIVE: We correlated MR imaging findings with those from flow cytometry and determined prognostic factors of patients with major salivary gland lesions. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: DNA ploidy (11 aneuploid, 35 diploid lesions) and S-phase fraction (SPF) (12 high-SPF, 28 low-SPF lesions) percentages as determined by flow cytometric technique in 46 major salivary gland lesions were correlated with MR findings and signal-intensity ratios of lesion to muscle on fast spin-echo T2-weighted images, unenhanced spin-echo T1-weighted images, and gadolinium-enhanced fat-suppressed spin-echo T1-weighted images. SPF percentages were correlated with the three signal-intensity ratios by stepwise regression analysis. Prognostic indicators of disease-free survival were assessed with Cox multivariate analysis (range of follow-up, 2-50 months; mean, 16.6 months). RESULTS: Signal-intensity ratios for all pulse sequences were significantly smaller in aneuploid lesions than in diploid lesions. Incidence of ill-defined margins (p < .001), invasion (p = .014), and hypointensity to the gland on T2-weighted images (p = .047) was significantly higher in aneuploid lesions than in diploid lesions. Of these, signal-intensity ratios on enhanced T1-weighted images were most accurate for predicting aneuploidy. A threshold of 1.55 for signal-intensity ratios on enhanced T1-weighted images yielded the highest accuracy (86%) for aneuploidy. Signal-intensity ratios on T2-weighted images (p = .025) and enhanced T1-weighted images (p < .001) were significantly smaller in high-SPF lesions than in low-SPF lesions. A threshold of 1.73 for signal-intensity ratios on enhanced T1-weighted images yielded 73% accuracy for high-SPF lesions, which was inferior to the prediction possible from ill-defined margins (80% accuracy). Aneuploidy (p = .008), ill-defined margins (p = .036), and signal-intensity ratios on unenhanced T1-weighted images (p = .008), related significantly and negatively to disease-free survival. A signal-intensity ratio of 1.22 or less for unenhanced T1-weighted images indicated a high risk of developing recurrence (100% sensitivity). CONCLUSION: MR findings and signal-intensity ratios can reflect DNA ploidy and SPF status and can predict prognoses for patients with major salivary gland lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Three cases of Lermoyez's syndrome and its pathophysiology].

Two cases of bilateral Lermoyez's syndrome and one case of unilateral Lermoyez's syndrome are reported. The patients had recurrent episodes of vertigo with improvement of hearing or tinnitus, which is characteristic is Lermoyez's syndrome. In case 1, a 48-year-old female, dehydration with glycerol or furosemide induced nystagmus and improved bilateral hearing and the gain of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, while overhydration with drinking water impaired bilateral hearing with disappearance of nystagmus. These findings indicate that she had endolymphatic hydrops in both ears, suggesting that simultaneous changes in bilateral cochlear and vestibular function induce Lermoyez's syndrome. In case 3, a 52-year-old female, which we already reported, endolymphatic collapse in both ears may have changed bilateral inner ear function, resulting in Lermoyez's syndrome. On the other hand, patients 2, a 47-year-old male, experienced a vertigo attack with improvement of unilateral hearing after defibrinogenation therapy. In this case, slowly developing insufficiency of the inner ear blood supply may have caused the gradual hearing loss. It seemed that decreasing blood viscosity by defibrinogenation allowed blood to rush into the labyrinth, causing vertigo but at the same time improving hearing. We proposed that there are two types of Lermoyez's syndrome, bilateral (cases 1 and 3) and unilateral (case 2).

Endolymphatic Hydrops↗
PubMed1996

[The effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for invasive bladder cancer].

BACKGROUND: Sixteen patients with invasive bladder cancer were received neoadjuvant methotrexate, vinblastine, pirarubicin and cisplatin chemotherapy on our planning protocol. METHODS: The tumor was evaluated after 1 course of chemotherapy by radiographic examination, urine cytology, cystoscopy and random biopsy. If the response is CR or PR, one more course of chemotherapy was performed, and cystectomy was carried out. If the response is NC or PD, cystectomy was immediately carried out. Twelve of them were underwent cystectomy and four were preserved bladder. Clinical response was evaluated by echo, CT, MRI, urinary cytology, cystoscopy and random biopsy. RESULTS: Clinical CR was observed in 25% and PR was 37.5%. Pathological CR was observed in 31.3% and PR was 37.5%. The different rate between clinical and pathological evaluations was 31.3% and the result suggests that we should find the method of more accurate staging evaluation. Four patients who were evaluated clinical CR were selected bladder-preserving. However, two of them (50%) had recurred; one had grade 3 tumor was treated by total cystectomy and the other had multiple tumors was treated by one course of M-VAC and TUR-Bt. CONCLUSION: We should consider which cases are possible to preserve bladder by investigating the tumor characteristics.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Proliferation of macrophage-lineage cells in the bone marrow, severe thymic atrophy, and extramedullary hematopoiesis of possible donor origin in an autopsy case of post-transplantation graft-versus-host disease.

A case of proliferation of CD68-positive macrophage-lineage cells in the bone marrow accompanied by severe thymic atrophy associated with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in a boy given allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is reported. A 7-year-old boy was treated for posthepatitic severe aplastic anemia by BMT from his HLA-identical, mixed lymphocyte reaction-negative sister. After the transplantation his peripheral blood group converted to the donor type. However, the patient suffered from acute and chronic GVHD and slowly progressive anemia, and he died of multiple organ failure 21 months after BMT. At the autopsy diffuse and monotonous proliferation of CD68-positive macrophage-lineage cells was found to be replacing the blood-forming cells in the bone marrow. The thymus was almost empty of T lymphocytes, and remaining strands of extremely atrophic epithelial cells showed focal cystic change. Extramedullary hematopoiesis was found in the spleen. Analyses of microsatellite markers suggested the hematopoietic cells in the spleen to be of donor origin.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1996

[Disruption of mismatch repair system in human cancers].

It is known that transformation of normal cells to cancer cells is caused by the accumulation of successive mutations in oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes. Since four DNA mismatch repair genes (hMSH2, hMLH1, hPMS1 and hPMS2) have been identified as the cause of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), the role of defective mismatch repair system in the development of sporadic cancers with microsatellite instability has also been discussed. Defects in mismatch repair genes would contribute to mutations in genes, including oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, at an increased rate. Furthermore, recent investigations suggested that this mechanism was also involved in the development of multiple primary cancers as well.

DNA Repair↗
PubMed1995

High-resolution cytogenetic mapping of the short arm of chromosome 1 with newly isolated 411 cosmid markers by fluorescence in situ hybridization: the precise order of 18 markers on 1p36.1 on prophase chromosomes and "stretched" DNAs.

A high-resolution cytogenetic map of the short arm of chromosome 1 with newly isolated 411 cosmid markers was constructed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). These markers were scattered throughout chromosome 1p, but they were preferentially concentrated on R-band dominant regions such as 1p36, 1p34, 1p32, 1p22, and 1p13. Among these markers, 197 were localized on chromosome band 1p36, a region frequently deleted in neuroblastoma. Of these, 18 were precisely ordered on 1p36.1 by multicolor FISH of prophase chromosomes and "stretched" DNAs as follows: 1pter-163-41-11-1-226-586-568-614-631-665-451-199-190-561-241-74-1 76-652-1cen. The high-density map of chromosome 1p constructed here can provide useful landmarks for constructing a contig map of the short arm of chromosome 1 with YACs and cosmid clones and will expedite the identification of breakpoints and/or tumor suppressor gene(s) associated with several types of malignant tumors that frequently exhibit chromosomal aberrations or deletions of chromosome 1p.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Frequent deletions of material from chromosome arm 1p in oligodendroglial tumors revealed by double-target fluorescence in situ hybridization and microsatellite analysis.

We undertook a cytogenetic analysis of 29 human brain tumors using double-target fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and focusing on chromosome arm 1p. One or more tumor suppressor genes in this arm have been suggested to be important in a variety of neuroectodermal tumors. The series included 9 oligodendrogliomas, 4 mixed gliomas, 10 astrocytomas, 4 glioblastomas, and 2 central neurocytomas. We hybridized pericentromeric (1q12) and subtelomeric (1p36) DNA probes to cell nuclei prepared from paraffin-embedded tissues and observed a strikingly high incidence of deletion of at least part of 1p in oligodendrogliomas (100%) and mixed gliomas (75%). The results of the FISH analyses were confirmed by demonstration of loss of heterozygosity for a microsatellite polymorphism in 10 of the 29 tumors. As well as supporting the feasibility of FISH for detecting allelic deletions in chromosomes from paraffin-embedded tumor samples, the alteration of 1p reported here will contribute to an understanding of the molecular genetic events in oligodendroglial tumor development.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

Infrequent replication errors at microsatellite loci in tumors of patients with multiple primary cancers of the esophagus and various other tissues.

Patients with esophageal cancer are at high risk of developing other primary tumors, especially squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck. Heavy smoking and excessive consumption of alcohol are considered to be crucial environmental risk-factors for development of these multiple primary cancers. To investigate whether any genetic background, such as defects in the DNA-mismatch repair system, may influence the development of these multiple primary tumors, we examined replication errors (RER) at six microsatellite loci in DNAs of 46 tumors from 33 patients who had developed primary cancers in various tissues in addition to the esophagus. RER(+) (RER-positive) phenotype was observed in three tumors in two patients of the 33 patients examined. Our results suggested that development of multiple primary tumors in these patients would not be affected by an abnormality in the DNA repair system(s) detected as the RER phenotype. However, it is noteworthy that a single patient who developed multiple cancers revealed RER(+) phenotypes at multiple microsatellite loci in both tumors, indicating that a defect in the DNA repair gene(s) may have played an important role in the development of the tumors in this patient.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

Vestibular modulation of the septo-hippocampal cholinergic system of rats.

Effects of vestibular stimulation on the in vivo release of hypothalamic histamine and hippocampal acetylcholine (ACh) were investigated in urethan-anesthetized rats, using a brain microdialysis method. Changes in glutamate concentration in the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) were also monitored by a microbiosensor technique using a glutamate oxidase-embodied platinum electrode. Caloric stimulation with hot water increased the glutamate release in the MVN, while that with ice water decreased it. It is evidenced that glutamate is a neurotransmitter between afferent vestibular nerve and the MVN. Electrical stimulation of the round window evoked the release of hypothalamic histamine and hippocampal ACh and these effects were inhibited by the blockade of second-order vestibular neurons by the pre-injection of 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX), an antagonist of non-N-methyl-D-aspartate (non-NMDA) glutamate receptors, into the ipsilateral vestibular nucleus. Caloric stimulation with both hot and ice water increased the release of hypothalamic histamine and hippocampal ACh. It is suggested that both the histaminergic and cholinergic systems were activated by the imbalance of intervestibular activities. Depletion of neuronal histamine by alpha-fluorometylhistidine (FMH), an irreversible inhibitor of histamine synthesis, did not suppress the vestibular evoked release of hippocampal ACh. In contrast, caloric stimulation did not evoke hypothalamic histamine release in rats treated with ethylcholine aziridiniun ion (AF64A), a putative cholinotoxin. All these findings suggest that the vestibular information activated the histaminergic neurons via the activation of the cholinergic neurons and this neuronal circuit was involved in the vestibulo-autonomic response.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1995

[Binding of IgA1 to monocyte/macrophage cell lines (THP-1, U937) in IgA nephropathy--a possible role of O-glycan in the IgA1 molecule].

IgA1 is an exceptional serum glycoprotein because it has O-glycans in the hinge region. It has been observed that the monocyte/macrophages infiltrate within the glomeruli in IgA-N. On the other hand, it is well established that the carbohydrate side chains (N-glycans) of the IgG molecule play a role in the binding of IgG to Fc receptors. Therefore, the binding of IgA1 to monocyte/macrophage cell lines was observed with the aim of clarifying the role of the O-glycan side chains in IgA-N in the initial mechanism of glomerular damage due to the interaction between the O-glycan chains on the IgA1 molecule and infiltrating monocyte/macrophages. Two human myelomonocytic cell lines, THP-1 and U-937, were activated and incubated with separated IgA1 (IgA-N, n = 16; other glomerulonephritides (other GN), n = 15; healthy controls, n = 9). The binding attitude of IgA1 to the cell lines was observed by flow immunofluorometry using a FACScan. FACScan showed that the binding of IgA1 to both of the stimulated monocyte/macrophage cell lines was increased in IgA-N compared to the normal controls and other GN. The binding of IgA1 to THP-1 was partially, but definitely inhibited by adding 100 mM melibiose (19.6 +/- 7.7%) and galactose (13.1 +/- 2.9%), but not glucose (2.9 +/- 2.2%), lactose (4.7 +/- 4.7%) and mannose (3.3 +/- 3.3%). These results suggested that THP-1 had a receptor that recognized the O-glycan in the IgA1 hinge region.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cell Line↗
PubMed1995

[Seminal plasma cytokines in nonbacterial prostatitis: changes following sparfloxacin treatment].

The detection of various cytokines; interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), was studied in patients with nonbacterial prostatitis (NBP), and the clinical efficacy of sparfloxacin was also reported. The seminal plasma of 11 normal men and 10 patients with NBP were examined for the cytokines. There was no IL-1 beta or IL-6 in the seminal plasma of normal men. TNF-alpha was detected in only one normal man. In the seminal plasma of the patients, IL-1 beta was detected in 2 out of 10, and IL-6 was also detected in 6. TNF-alpha was detected in 6 out of 10 patients with NBP. The rate of detection of IL-6 and TNF-alpha was significantly higher in the patients with NBP than in normal men. The average levels (range) of IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha were 28 pg/ml (27-29), 110 pg/ml (25-476) and 25 pg/ml (6-113), respectively. After treatment with sparfloxacin at a dose of 100 mg to 200 mg per day, their symptoms disappeared. The number of leukocytes in the seminal plasma decreased to the normal level and these cytokines were not detected. The favorable clinical effect was achieved in 13 of the 17 patients (76%). These findings suggested that the cytokines have an important role in the pathogenesis of prostatitis and that the level of the cytokines are useful indicators in patients with prostatitis, particularly with NBP.

Adult↗