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Biomedical subjects

A Hori

Publications and source records attributed to A Hori.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Fibromuscular dysplasia of the visceral arteries.

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) commonly involves the renal and carotid arteries. However, visceral arterial involvement is rare. We report a 39-yr-old male who developed ischemic bowel disease twice (once in the jejunal artery and once in the sigmoid artery) as a result of FMD. First ischemic change occurred in the sigmoid colon with manifestation of melena and abdominal pain, and the second occurred in the jejunum, with severe abdominal pain and intestinal stenosis. Angiography revealed the "string of beads" appearance, characteristic of FMD, in those two arteries responsible for the ischemic lesions. Fasting therapy with intravenous hyperalimentation improved both lesions, but secondary stenosis caused by ischemia occurred in the jejunum. Surgical resection of the stenotic jejunum was required. Although the abnormal arteries that had been imaged as a "string of beads" on angiography were not resected, the postoperative course has been uneventful and satisfactory.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1996

[A case of gastrointestinal bleeding from metastatic alveolar soft part sarcoma of the jejunum].

Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare malignant tumor. It is often seen in the extremities of youngsters, and frequently metastasizes to the lung, brain, and bones. We experienced a case of ASPS which presented with gastrointestinal (GI)bleeding and was diagnosed as metasatic ASPS of the jejunum. We could not find in the literature a single case of ASPS which metastasized to the intestine and caused GI bleeding. We feel that it is important to consider the possibility that metastasis to the intestine can cause GI bleeding in a patient with a history of ASPS.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[A case of internal supravesical hernia].

We report a case of internal supravesical hernia. A 74-year-old male with complaint of abdominal pain underwent an operation for small intestinal obstruction due to its incarceration into the internal supravesical hernia. Retrospectively, the preoperative abdominal CT film showed the relation of the incarcerated intestine, the urinary bladder, and the middle umbilical ligament. This is the first case of the internal supravesical hernia in which the preoperative CT had taken and it will contribute to the preoperative correct diagnosis in the future.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Prostaglandin E2 facilitates excitatory synaptic transmission in the nucleus tractus solitarii of rats.

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) binding sites are rich in the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS). We studied the effects of PGE2 on evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (eEPSCs) and miniature EPSCs (mEPSCs) in voltage-clamped neurons in rat NTS slices. eEPSCs and mEPSCs, mediated by non-NMDA glutamate receptors, fluctuated in size from event to event. In 37.5% of neurons, PGE2 increased the mean size of eEPSCs and changed the size distribution non-proportionally. In 42.9% of neurons, PGE2 increased the frequency of mEPSCs keeping the skewed size distribution unchanged. However, PGE2 did not modulate postsynaptic non-NMDA receptor sensitivity. We propose that size distributions of eEPSCs before and after PGE2 application are predictable from those of mEPSCs by quantal analysis with multinomial distribution. Our results suggest that PGE2 facilitates evoked and spontaneous release of glutamate vesicles.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Pharyngosellar pituitary: a rare developmental anomaly of the pituitary gland.

A rare malformation of the pituitary gland, termed pharyngosellar pituitary, is reported. The anterior pituitary gland was continuous from the pharyngeal roof to the sella turcica. This was found in a male fetus of gestational week 17 with an encephalocele and amnion adhesion malformation syndrome. The distribution of hormone-producing cells in the malformed pituitary tissue was irregular: thyrotropic hormone-, follicle-stimulating hormone- and luteinizing hormone-producing cells were nearly absent in the sellar and middle sections of the pituitary but were found in small numbers mainly in the pharyngeal section of the pituitary. The teratogenic determination period was estimated at between weeks 4 and 8 of gestation.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1995

Pallidal lesions in patients with liver cirrhosis: clinical and MRI evaluation.

Fifty patients with liver cirrhosis underwent neurological, psychometric, electroencephalographic and biochemical examination as well as cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to study the incidence of pallidal lesions in cirrhotics and their correlation to liver function, as well as to neurological and mental state. In one patient a histopathological study of the brain was performed. The vast majority of the patients with liver cirrhosis (92%) present with bilateral symmetric pallidal hyperintensities in the T1-weighted MR spin echo sequence, while the T2-weighted images are normal. On the whole there was no correlation between the signal intensity of the pallidal lesions and measures of liver function, neurological status or grade of encephalopathy. As could be shown in follow-up examinations the signal intensity of the lesions increased with decreasing liver function and decreased with normalization of liver function after liver transplantation. The substrate of the lesions remains unclear. However, regions which show alterations in the MRI are histopathologically characterized by the appearance of Alzheimer-type-II cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

List length and overlap effects in forced-choice associative recognition.

Two experiments examined forced-choice associative recognition for OLAP and NOLAP test conditions. OLAP test trials consist of pairs with overlapping items (e.g., AB vs. AD), whereas NOLAP test trials contain no overlapping items (e.g., AB vs. CF). Previous results show better performance for NOLAP than for OLAP tests, contrary to the predictions of global memory models. The present experiments varied list length to examine the hypothesis that the NOLAP advantage is produced by recall-like retrieval processes. The use of longer lists either eliminated (Experiment 1) or greatly reduced (Experiment 2) the NOLAP advantage. However, a reliable OLAP advantage was not obtained. Implications for models are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical study of radiation pneumonitis over 10 years].

We studied clinical aspects of radiation pneumonitis from 1983 to 1992. Fifty seven patients admitted to our hospital because of lung cancer were treated with radiotherapy, and radiation pneumonitis developed in 20 (35.1%). The incidence of radiation pneumonitis was closely related to male sex, chronic obstructive lung disease, and chemotherapy. Pneumonitis was not related to age, or to the area or amount of radiation. Eighteen cases (90%) of pneumonitis occurred during or within one month after radiotherapy. In all but five cases (25%), pneumonitis was limited to the area of radiation. Treatment was mainly with steroids. In 4 cases (20%), pneumonitis recurred when steroid therapy was reduced, and five patients (10%) died.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Hepatic histopathological changes in biliary pancreatitis.

OBJECTIVES: Elevation of serum transaminase has been shown to establish gallstone etiology in acute pancreatitis, but little has been reported regarding hepatic histopathological changes in biliary pancreatitis. The main purposes of this study were to observe hepatic histopathological changes in the acute stage of biliary pancreatitis and to elucidate the mechanism of transaminase elevation. METHODS: Microscopic findings for liver biopsy specimens (26 patients) as well as gross pathological observations of the biliary tract at emergency operation were analyzed in 62 patients with biliary pancreatitis. RESULTS: The main light microscopic findings were hepatocyte necrosis (96.2%) and acute cholangitis (65.4%). The main electron microscopic findings (two patients) were disorganized liver cell plate, retention of biliary material in the dilated canaliculi, and shedding of cytoplasm into the space of Disse in some areas. At laparotomy, impacted and floating bile duct stones were found in 35 (56.5%) and 13 (21.0%) patients, respectively, and acute inflammatory biliary diseases were encountered in 43 (69.4%) patients. CONCLUSIONS: The main hepatic histopathological changes in biliary pancreatitis were acute inflammatory hepatocyte necrosis, hepatocyte degeneration, and acute cholangitis caused by ampullary stones impacted during their transpapillary passage. Serum transaminase elevation might be a reflection of hepatocyte necrosis and/or degeneration.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

Suppression of cyclin D1 mRNA expression by the angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 (AGM-1470) in vascular endothelial cells.

The effects of TNP-470 on DNA synthesis and the expression of c-myc and cyclin D1 mRNAs were investigated in human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVE) cells synchronized by serum depletion and stimulated with bFGF and serum. DNA synthesis occurring 16 h after stimulation was inhibited when TNP-470 was present from 2 to 6 h after stimulation. C-myc mRNA expression occurring 2 h after stimulation was not inhibited by the addition of TNP-470. Cyclin D1 mRNA expression occurring 6 h after stimulation was suppressed in the presence of TNP-470 from 2 to 6 h after stimulation. On the other hand, cyclin D1 expression was not suppressed in the TNP-470-insensitive human tumor cell line WiDr. These results suggest that the inhibition of HUVE cells by TNP-470 is due to the suppression of cyclin D1 expression in mid G1 phase.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗