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Biomedical subjects

A Hollingsworth

Publications and source records attributed to A Hollingsworth.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Validity of the four European test strains of prEN 12054 for the determination of comprehensive bactericidal activity of an alcohol-based hand rub.

A comprehensive bactericidal activity of an alcohol-based hand rub is essential for prevention of cross-transmission by the hands of healthcare workers. In Europe, however, only four test organisms are used to determine bactericidal activity according to prEN 12054. The susceptibility of the various bacterial species against the commonly used alcohols is thought to be similar, but so far this has never been studied. We therefore evaluated the bactericidal activity of an alcohol-based hand rub (Sterillium) within 30 s in compliance with prEN 12054 and in a time kill test against 13 Gram-positive, 18 Gram-negative bacteria and 14 antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens. Each strain was evaluated in quadruplicate. Counts of the four test bacteria of prEN 12054 were reduced by factors exceeding 10(5) within 30 s. In the time kill test, all 13 Gram-positive and all 18 Gram-negative bacteria were reduced more than 10(5)-fold within 30 s, not only against the ATCC test strains but also against corresponding clinical isolates. Comparable reductions were also observed against all 14 emerging bacterial pathogens. The four European test bacteria were found to be sufficient to determine a comprehensive bactericidal activity of a propanol-based hand rub.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1996

Profile of postdischarge rehospitalizations and acute care visits for seven patient groups.

The study's purpose was to examine postdischarge rehospitalizations and acute care visits in seven high risk, high volume, high-cost patient groups. Subjects were drawn from an urban tertiary teaching hospital. The total sample (N = 764) consisted of seven patient groups (drawn from five randomized clinical trials): very low birthweight (VLBW) infants (n = 79); women post-unplanned cesarean birth (n = 122) and their infants (n = 123); pregnant women with diabetes (n = 55); women post-hysterectomy surgery (n = 109); and elderly with medical cardiac Diagnostic Related Groups (DRGs) (n = 142) and elderly with surgical cardiac DRGs (n = 134). The VLBW infant and pregnant diabetic groups were predominantly African American, the elderly and hysterectomy groups predominantly Caucasian, and the cesarean group almost equally distributed. The lowest rate of rehospitalization (2%) occurred in the cesarean group, the highest (35%) in the pregnant diabetics. In four groups (cesarean and infants, hysterectomy and surgical elderly), 60%-100% of the rehospitalizations occurred within 4 weeks of discharge. Subjects requiring acute care visits ranged from 13% (hysterectomy) to 82% (VLBW infants). Acute care visits demonstrated greater distribution throughout the follow-up periods but also tended to concentrate in the first 4 weeks postdischarge.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

The detection of adducts in human cervix tissue DNA using 32P-postlabelling: a study of the relationship with smoking history and oral contraceptive use.

32P-Postlabelling was used to measure DNA adducts in the human cervix. Adduct levels were compared with patient smoking histories and contraceptive use. DNA adducts were found in 43 out of 58 samples. The number of adducts ranged from 0.2 to 59.5 adducts/10(8) nucleotides, though no significant difference was found to exist between the number of DNA adducts detected and the smoking history of each patient. In contrast, a significant difference at the 1% probability level was found between the adduct levels obtained from the cervical DNA of smokers who had used oral contraceptives and smokers who did not. Autoradiograms revealed a variety of adduct patterns. Some were found to have a diagonal zone of radioactivity which migrated from the origin of the TLC plate. Other autoradiograms revealed the presence of additional adduct spots located in the upper regions of the TLC plate, whereas others revealed the presence of these adduct spots alone. The origin of the adduct spots located in the upper regions of the TLC plate is unknown.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1991

Response to fibronectin of mouse primordial germ cells before, during and after migration.

The adhesive extracellular matrix glycoprotein fibronectin is thought to play a central role in cell migration during embryogenesis. In order to define this role, we have examined the response to fibronectin in cell culture of mouse primordial germ cells (PGCs) before, during and after their migration from the hindgut into their target tissue, the genital ridges. Using an explant culture system, we show that PGCs will emigrate from tissue fragments containing hindgut, and that fibronectin stimulates this migration. Adhesion assays show that the start of PGC migration is associated with a fall in adhesion to fibronectin. Double-labelling studies using in situ hybridization and histochemistry demonstrate that migrating PGCs do not contain detectable fibronectin mRNA, suggesting that they do not synthesize and secrete the fibronectin within their migratory substratum. Taken together, these findings are consistent with an important role for fibronectin in stimulating PGC migration. In addition, however, they suggest that the interaction between PGCs and fibronectin may be important in timing the start of migration, with the fall in adhesion allowing the PGCs to commence their migration towards the genital ridges.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Developing a program grant for use in model testing.

Early discharge is becoming a practice as well as a goal for the acute care institution. It is essential that nursing investigate the effects of this shift in the care delivery site from the acute care institution to the home and community. Brooten et al. describe a research model designed to do just that. Transitional care, as this team calls it, may soon become familiar jargon in community health care.

Clinical Nursing Research↗
PubMed1986

All real living is meeting: the task of international education in a nursing curriculum.

Our experience suggests two significant benefits of shaping an international education focus in a nursing curriculum. First, a genuine understanding and appreciation of a foreign health care system is strengthened by identification of and confrontation with the socio-political context in which it is embedded. The second, and perhaps most fundamental benefit, is not so easy to verbalize. This involves the participant's personal confrontation with another culture. What is external, the experience of a foreign culture, translates into an encounter with the foreign territory of one's own thinking. The participant is challenged to overcome the traditional limitations of professional discipline, experience and vision and to move toward notions of world community and human solidarity. It seems to us that the development of concepts, resources and methods to move American nursing in the direction of greater solidarity with the world health care community is a legitimate task for nursing education.

Austria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The faculty advisor role: an imperative for student retention.

The decline in applicants to schools of nursing emphasizes the importance of retaining those students who do enroll. The authors review factors affecting student attrition and retention in academic settings. They then present an ideal model for enhancing student retention through effective, individualized, and consistent student advising.

Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Breast-milk jaundice.

The syndrome of breast-milk jaundice, which often results in cessation of breastfeeding, maternal anxiety, and guilt, may be increasing. Research to date on pregnanediol, increased lipase, and free fatty acids as the causes of breast milk jaundice is reviewed. Variations in current treatment are presented and nursing measures supportive of parents and continued breastfeeding are provided.

Anxiety↗