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Biomedical subjects

A Herbert

Publications and source records attributed to A Herbert.

139 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
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Obligations to provide appropriate patient management.

The Pap test is a successful method of preventing cervical cancer, but it does have significant false negative and false positive rates. The main aim of screening is the detection of precursor lesions, both regression and progression of which may occur, making it difficult to decide upon follow-up and further therapy. Around the world there are many differences, as a far as the frequency of the disease, the organization and economic background of the health care system, the use of different additional diagnostic tools and even the terminology considered. All these factors underline the importance of a consensus on a "minimum level" of obligations to provide appropriate patient management. The screening interval should be two to five years, in some cases even annually. The cytopathologist has an obligation to recommend repeat smears in cases of cytologic abnormalities likely to regress. We recommend the use of standard terminology and stress the importance of a "common language" in cervical cytology. Colposcopy and biopsy are obligatory in cases of HSIL and cancer. We suggest that in severe cases women should be provided with detailed written and verbal information.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Terminology. International Academy of Cytology Task Force summary. Diagnostic Cytology Towards the 21st Century: An International Expert Conference and Tutorial.

ISSUES: Differences in type, structure, quality of health care systems and availability of resources influence reporting systems. In most countries, individual systems have a long history of usage that might preclude adoption of a uniform terminology worldwide. CONSENSUS POSITION: It is desirable but unrealistic at this time to aim for a unified terminology worldwide. It should be the stated objective of the International Academy of Cytology to serve as an umbrella organization for various terminologies and enhance mutual understanding and cooperation. Translation tables of equivalent terms have been created to allow increased communication. Consensus has been achieved in defining essential elements required of any terminology system: (1) the report must be text based: numerical Papanicolaou class designations alone are inadequate; (2) an assessment of the adequacy of the sample should be included; and (3) the diagnosis must address the primary purpose of cervical cytology: to indicate the presence or absence of epithelial abnormalities. Incorporating additional elements within a terminology system may be more or less appropriate, depending on the setting in which the system is used. ONGOING ISSUES: Despite the cited problems in adopting a uniform terminology worldwide, a single system would have many advantages in terms of communication and research and may be a long-term goal worth pursuing. Countries are invited to present their individual national terminology systems and participate in an ongoing dialogue, critically evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of all systems.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of nerve entrapment during limb lengthening by means of near-nerve recording.

Eight patients undergoing limb lengthening by the Ilizarov method had near-nerve needle electrode conduction studies when they developed clinical signs of nerve entrapment. The near-nerve technique was chosen because it is highly sensitive to configurational changes which appear in the action potential as injury occurs. In 10 out of 13 symptomatic limbs the near-nerve potential was found to be abnormally small and its usually smooth contour had become notched and irregular. In the remaining 3 limbs the potentials were normal initially but became abnormal as further constriction of the nerve took place. Nerve potentials remained normal in size and shape in asymptomatic limbs undergoing lengthening and were not altered by application of the Ilizarov frames themselves. The near-nerve technique proved useful in the early detection of nerve injury in these patients and thus enabled surgical intervention before nerve damage had become permanent.

Adolescent↗