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Biomedical subjects

A Henderson

Publications and source records attributed to A Henderson.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Hormone implants and tachyphylaxis.

The serum oestradiol levels of 1388 women treated with hormone implants at a menopause clinic were reviewed in 1988. Thirty-eight (3%) were found to be above 1750 pmol/l. Of these 38 women with supraphysiological oestradiol levels 23 had started therapy for menopausal symptoms and 15 for the premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Of the 23 women treated for menopausal symptoms 11 had a history of psychiatric referral for depression and nine had undergone a surgical menopause. Nine of the 15 women with PMS had a history of psychiatric referral for depressive symptoms. We conclude that the women who attain supraphysiological levels of oestradiol on implant therapy have a high frequency of psychopathology or surgical menopause and may require higher oestradiol levels for adequate control of symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Neonatal hormone manipulations and the maintenance of perineal muscles and their motor neurones in Albino Swiss rats.

Newborn female Albino Swiss rats received testosterone propionate, dihydrotestosterone benzoate or oestradiol benzoate for 4 days after birth. The neonatal administration of all three hormones maintained neurones of the spinal nucleus of bulbocavernosus (SNB) complex in adulthood at levels intermediate between those found in normal females (approximately 40 neurones) and those found in normal males (approximately 220 neurones). Dihydrotestosterone benzoate was the most effective treatment. Oestradiol benzoate, while as potent as testosterone propionate in maintaining SNB neurone numbers, could not maintain the perineal muscles which are their normal target. Dihydrotestosterone benzoate and testosterone propionate maintained both neurones and muscles. Newborn male Albino Swiss rats received either the aromatase inhibitor 4-OH-androstenedione, or the 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor aza-steroid 17 beta-N,N-diethylcarbamoyl-4-methyl-4-aza-5 alpha-androstan-3-one(4-MA). Only neonatal treatment with 4-MA led to reduced SNB neurone numbers in adulthood, but the reduction was modest (-16%). The results of the two experiments suggest that several hormones can maintain SNB neurone numbers in Albino Swiss rats, but that 5 alpha-reduced metabolites of testosterone may be particularly effective.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1990

Descriptive analysis of the developmental progression of grip position for pencil and crayon control in nondysfunctional children.

This study was designed to investigate the developmental progression in pencil and crayon grip. The subjects were 320 nondysfunctional children aged 3.0 to 6.11 years, with 20 boys and 20 girls at each 6-month age interval. On the basis of a review of the literature, developmental pencil and crayon grips were defined for the study, and the type of grips each child used to perform a drawing task and a coloring task were recorded. Many children at each age level used mature pencil grips. A developmental progression, however, was shown by the percentage change of children at each age level who used mature grips. Forty-eight percent of the youngest group used mature grips, compared with 90% of the oldest children. Two pencil grips-dynamic and lateral tripod-appear to be common in older children. Differences in the developmental progression of pencil grip were noted between boys and girls and between a drawing task and a coloring task.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Case registers.

This article describes the important steps that need to be taken when introducing and operating a case register system. Emphasis is placed on the need for a system which is dynamic and pays as much attention to the organisation and communication with case managers, as to the collection of data about patients.

Ambulatory Care Information Systems↗
PubMed1989

Exposure of human cells to low-frequency electromagnetic fields results in quantitative changes in transcripts.

The exposure of human cultured cells to electromagnetic signals with extremely low repetition rates resulted in an increased level of selected RNA transcripts. RNA with homology to beta-actin, histone H2B, and v-myc DNA was monitored by dot blot hybridization following 20 min exposures of HL60 cells to five different electromagnetic signals. The experiments used three asymmetric electromagnetic signals with different repetition rates, and two symmetric sinusoidal signals, delivered at 60 and 72 Hz. The degree of increase in homologous transcripts was dependent on the signal characteristics.

Actins↗
PubMed1989

A descriptive study of the clinical practice patterns of occupational therapists working with infants and young children.

This investigation was designed to gather descriptive data on the clinical practice patterns of occupational therapists working with infants and young children. One hundred nineteen therapists entered the study, and 118 completed the interview, yielding a response rate of 99.4%. The therapists were highly experienced, with a mean of 9.47 years working in pediatrics. The school setting was the most common type of facility in which therapists served infants and young children and accounted for 37.3% of the sample. The majority of the respondents (67.8%) were members of formally identified teams. Although 80.5% of the therapists served very young children (aged birth to 12 months), no therapists served this population exclusively. Considerable variability in models of service provision, team structures, and assessment and treatment practices were found. Additionally, there was a lack of consensus on the unique contributions of occupational therapy and diverse opinions regarding the importance of selected frames of reference. Implications of the findings on professional initiatives to enhance practice are discussed.

Child Health Services↗
PubMed1988

Controlled trial of psychotherapy for bulimia nervosa.

In a randomised controlled trial of different types of psychotherapy for bulimia 92 women were assigned to receive cognitive-behaviour therapy (n = 32), behaviour therapy (30), or group therapy (30) for 15 weeks and a further 20 (controls) assigned to remain on a waiting list for 15 weeks. Eating behaviour and psychopathology were assessed by standard methods. At the end of the trial the controls had significantly higher scores than the treated groups on all measures of bulimic behaviour. In terms of behavioural change all three treatments were effective, 71 (77%) of the 92 women having stopped bingeing. In addition, scores on eating and depression questionnaires were reduced and self esteem improved. Follow up was continuing, but of 24 women available at one year, 21 were not bingeing and had maintained their improved scores on psychometric scales. Bulimia nervosa is amenable to treatment by once weekly structured psychotherapy in either individual or group form.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Occupational therapy knowledge: from practice to theory. 1988 Eleanor Clarke Slagle lecture.

This paper discusses the place of occupational therapy technology in practice and the growth of scientific technology. It is suggested that practice is an important source for the development of technological theory. A historical review of the treatment of hand dysfunction in cerebral palsy is presented as an illustration of the development of a specific occupational therapy technology.

Cerebral Palsy↗
PubMed1988

The fetal femur/foot length ratio: a new parameter to assess dysplastic limb reduction.

The relationship between growth of the fetal femur and foot length was examined between 14-40 weeks' gestation in 182 normal singleton pregnancies. A significant correlation was demonstrated (r = 0.98; P less than .0001). The femur/foot length ratio was found to be approximately 1 throughout this age range. The fifth and 95th percentile confidence intervals of the femur/foot length ratio versus gestational age were then defined. The femur/foot length ratio was also measured directly in 12 fetuses after second-trimester abortion; these measurements compared favorably with the ultrasound femur/foot length ratio nomogram. The discriminatory power of the femur/foot length ratio chart to differentiate fetuses with skeletal dysplasias from those with pseudo-limb reduction due to constitutional factors or intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) was tested in 16 sequential cases with femur measurements below the fifth percentile. Two cases suspected of having symmetrical IUGR and five cases suspected of being constitutionally small were found to have femur/foot length ratios within the 90th percentile range. Limb reduction deformities were suspected in the nine remaining cases, and the femur/foot length ratios in these fetuses were all found to be less than the fifth percentile. The femur/foot length ratio nomogram appears to be a useful parameter to help differentiate fetuses that have dysplastic limb reduction from those whose limbs are short because of constitutional factors or IUGR.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1987

Children's skiing injuries in Australia.

Skiing is one of the most popular winter sports for adults and children in Australia. While much is known about the epidemiology of skiing trauma in adults, little has been written about the patterns of skiing injury in children in Australia. During the 1984 ski season, the injuries and risk factors of 149 children were compared with those of 1093 adults who were injured over the same period. Although Australian children were found to be possibly less prone to injury than were adults, they did sustain more serious injuries, in particular, fractures of the tibia. The significantly different associated risk factors that are thought to be responsible were the greater number of children who were injured in collisions and ski-lift accidents, and inadequate bindings on their skis. Such shortcomings are correctable; children require better boot-bindings and greater supervision on the ski-slopes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

In vivo calibration of a transcutaneous oxygen electrode in adult patients.

Transcutaneous oxygen tension (tcPO2) has been compared with arterial oxygen tension (PaO2 in 14 haemodynamically stable patients in an intensive care unit. Two calibration methods have been compared: (1) "In vitro" calibration, a two point calibration procedure carried out before attachment to the skin. (2) "In vivo" calibration, calibration using a single arterial sample, to recalibrate the upper point after attachment of the electrode to the skin and stabilisation of the electrical output. After "in vitro" calibration the regression equation was given by tcPO2 (mmHg) = 0.58 PaO2 + 13.4 (95% confidence limits +/- 19.6). After "in vivo" calibration, the regression equation for 55 comparisons over the range 50 to 120 mmHg was given by: tcPO2 (mmHg) = 0.98 PaO2 + 1.6 (95% confidence limits +/- 6.6). The "in vivo" calibration method therefore allows a close estimate of PaO2 to be made from tcPO2 values in adult patients providing strict operating criteria observed.

Adult↗