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Biomedical subjects

A Hayashi

Publications and source records attributed to A Hayashi.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Late complications of Hirschsprung's disease and anorectal manometry].

In 84 patients treated with Soave-Denda method, informations of their bowel habits were obtained through a questionnaire. These patients were classified into 4 groups (A; less than 3 years, B; 3 to 6 years, C; 7 to 9 years and D; more than 10 years after the operation) and analyzed by comparing their bowel habits with those of normal children in corresponding age group. Some late complications were demonstrated although 80% of patients followed for more than 10 years had a normal bowel habit. Frequent incontinence (more than once a week) was found in 18.2% of group B and 5% of group C. No patients has incontinence in group D. Frequent soiling (more than once a week) was demonstrated in 58.8% of group B, 30% of group C and 23.1% of group D although the incidence of frequent soiling ranged from 0.5 to 2.1% in normal children of these age group. Manometry to detect a rectonal reflex was useful to evaluate anorectal function because patients who showed normal reflex had excellent bowel habits without incontinence. These unexpected high incidence of late complications indicate that postoperative training of defecation is extremely important to give normal bowel habit to the patients with Hirschsprung's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Our new operative method for high-type anorectal malformations based on the histological studies].

From 1971 onwards we have been examining the anatomy and histology of sphincter components in patients with several anorectal malformation who died of associated anomalies. These histological studies demonstrated that not only puborectal muscle but also the superficial and deep external sphincters exist, even in the high type anomalies, and that the mass of external sphincter is located above the anal dimple. Moreover, the inner circular muscle of rectum is thickened at the level of the closest part to the fistula. Based on our histological studies, we devised our new operation to use all the sphincter musculature effectively for the newly reconstructed anal canal. Our new surgical procedure is clearly different from Kiese wetter-Rehbein's method in that the puborectal muscle is penetrated from the outside of rectal wall and might be damaged, since puborectal muscle is attached to the blind pouch of rectum. Moreover, the puborectal muscle and the external sphincters can be easily identified by electrical stimulation under direct vision from extended sacroperineal approach. And the colon can be pulled exactly through the centre of the external sphincters and puborectal muscle under direct vision without causing any damage to these important sphincters, unlike Pena's operation.

Anus, Imperforate↗
PubMed1984

Secondary ion mass spectra of tryptic peptides of human hemoglobin chains.

Secondary ion mass spectra of tryptic peptides of human globin alpha-, beta-, gamma and delta-chains were studied. Almost all mass peaks of protonated molecular ions of tryptic peptides were observed and they were very stable and abundant. The present results show the possibilities for quantitative analysis of two gamma-globin species: A gamma and G gamma chains, and for structural analysis of unknown abnormal hemoglobins.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Treatment of parkinsonism with L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine: a pharmacokinetic study.

We have examined the kinetics of oral L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine (DOPS) alone and combined with peripheral decarboxylase inhibitors in patients with Parkinson's disease and other degenerative diseases of the brain. Combined administration of L-threo-DOPS and carbidopa or benserazide produced higher plasma concentrations of L-threo-DOPS and suppressed the increase in plasma norepinephrine. This finding indicates some advantages of combined therapy with L-threo-DOPS and decarboxylase inhibitors. Measurable quantities of DL-threo-DOPS were found in the CSF during repeated administration, but there was no consistent change in norepinephrine concentration.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Progress and focal points discussed at the Japanese Committee on Pediatric Endoscopy].

Recent advances of pediatric endoscopy were discussed. Progresses of technique and improvements of instrument have made it possible to scope safely resulting in the increase of pediatric endoscopies. Gastric endoscopy has become useful to find the peptic ulcer of the stomach in the newborn babies who showed hematemesis. ERCP has been done successfully in the newborn babies making it possible to differentiate congenital biliary atresia from infantile hepatitis. Colonofiberscopy has become reliable and useful procedure to search the source of rectal bleeding but still had some problems to be resolved. General anesthesia has been widely used at the performance of pediatric endoscopy. In some institutes, local anesthesia has been recommended in the patients over 8 years old. In 1983, 1161 pediatric endoscopies were performed in 24 institutes, which were twofold of those performed in 1978. Number of these cases is not enough for the training of pediatric endoscopist. Urgent theme is to establish the system for the education of "true" pediatric endoscopist.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1984

[Copper level and metallothionein-like Cu-binding protein in cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with Menkes' disease and Wilson's disease].

Copper concentration, intracellular copper distribution, and inducibility of metallothionein-like metal-binding protein (MLP) by copper or cadmium addition to culture medium were compared among three types of skin fibroblasts derived from patients with Menkes' disease and Wilson's disease, both exhibiting genetic defects of copper metabolism, and from normal subjects (control). Skin fibroblasts were cultivated in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum and antibiotics in 5% CO2 at 37 degrees C. Cells were harvested with rubber-policeman, washed twice with phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.2, suspended in deionized water, and homogenized. The homogenate from each cell type was used to determine the concentration of copper by atomic absorption spectrophotometry employing graphite-rod atomizer after lyophilization, ashing in HNO3, and coprecipitation with zirconium. Intracellular copper concentration was elevated in Menkes' cells (420 ng Cu/mg of protein) and Wilson's cells (217 ng Cu/mg of protein) than in control cells (90.0 ng Cu/mg of protein), although one of four Wilson's strains showed normal copper level (70.5 ng Cu/mg of protein). Cytosol copper concentration was 5.8-fold higher in Menkes' cells but only 1.3-fold in Wilson's cells than in control cells, and cytosol copper accounted for only 35% of total intracellular copper in Wilson's cells as compared with 68% and 52% in Menkes' and control cells, respectively. These suggest that accumulated copper in each cell type is differently distributed within cells; in Menkes' cells exclusively into cytosol, but in Wilson's cells into particulates rather than cytosol. Elution profiles from Sephadex G-75 columns indicated that most of copper had bound to MLP in Menkes' cells, though no Cu-MLP was detectable in Wilson's or control cells under these experimental conditions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Susceptibility of the Danish housefly, Musca domestica Linné to pyrethroid.

The insecticidal activity of a new pyrethroid, fenvalerate, and the effects of its synergists were evaluated using te 49-s and 381-s strains from Denmark which are both resistant to pyrethroid. It was found that the effect of fenvalerate was poor on the pyrethroid-resistant strains and little was expected from the addition of its synergists. Rapid development of resistance was observed in the 49-s strain during the selection with permethrin.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Characterization of a new fetal hemoglobin variant, Hb F Izumi A gamma 6Glu replaced by Gly, by molecular secondary ion mass spectrometry.

Molecular secondary ion mass spectrometry has characterized the structure of a new fetal hemoglobin variant, Hb F Izumi, without separation of peptides or amino acid analysis. First, the mass spectrum of a tryptic digest of the abnormal gamma globin revealed a decreased by 72 mass units in the molecular mass of peptide T-1,2, indicating the presence of a Glu leads to Gly substitution. Next, the analysis of the digest produced by the addition of staphylococcal protease, which specifically cleaves glutamyl peptide bonds, determined the site of substitution at 6th glutamic acid residue in peptide T-1,2 which contains two glutamic acid residues. Since this mass spectrometric approach provides digitalized data on peptide analysis, we call it 'digit printing'. The high sensitivity of this technique is especially promising for the analysis of molecular abnormality in various genetic disorders.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1983

Resonance raman studies of hemoglobins M: evidence for iron-tyrosine charge-transfer interactions in the abnormal subunits of Hb M Boston and Hb M Iwate.

Resonance Raman spectra have been obtained for Hb M Boston [His-E7(58) alpha leads to Tyr], Hb M Iwate [His-F8-(87) alpha leads to Tyr], and Hb M Milwaukee [Val-E11(67) beta leads to Glu]. The abnormal alpha subunits of Hb M Boston and Hb M Iwate exhibited the porphyrin nu10 band at 1628 and 1627 cm-1, respectively, which indicates that the ferric alpha hemes are five-coordinated in both Hb M Boston and Hb M Iwate. In addition to the porphyrin bands, four extra polarized lines were observed at 1607, 1506, 1278, and 603 cm-1 for the alpha abnormal subunit of Hb M Boston and at 1605, 1506, 1310, and 589 cm-1 for that of Hb M Iwate. By comparison with the vibrational spectra of Fe-tyrosine proteins and Fe-phenolate complexes, the 1605-1607- and 1506-cm-1 lines are assigned to the phenolate ring vibrations of the heme-coordinated tyrosine, and the 1278-cm-1 line of Hb M Boston and the 1310-cm-1 line of Hb M Iwate are assigned to the phenolate CO stretching mode. We propose that the 603-cm-1 line of Hb M Boston and the 589-cm-1 line of Hb M Iwate arise from the Fe-O(tyrosine) stretching mode. These four Raman lines are intensity enhanced upon the excitation around 475-520 nm, probably due to the presence of a charge-transfer interaction between Fe and Tyr. The dissimilarity of the Fe-O and phenolate CO stretching frequencies between Hb M Boston and Hb M Iwate, despite the similarity of frequencies of their porphyrin and phenolate ring modes, suggests that the heme-phenolate bonding angles differ between Hb M Boston and Hb M Iwate although both adopt the five-coordinate form with Tyr as the only axial ligand. The resonance Raman spectra of oxy- and deoxy-Hb M Milwaukee showed no anomaly and can be accounted for by those of the equimolar mixtures of aquomet- and oxy- or deoxy-Hb A.

Hemoglobin M↗
PubMed1983

Genetic studies of familial amyloid polyneuropathy in the Arao district of Japan: I. The genealogical survey.

A genealogical survey of familial amyloid polyneuropathy in the Arao district of Japan was undertaken, and the data were analysed statistically. The survey revealed 92 patients (46 males and 46 females) in 9 families. Thirty-one of the patients (16 males and 15 females) are alive. For 44 patients, the mean age of onset was 34.1 years (range 20-46 years). The penetrance corrected for late onset was 83.5% by Morton's method. The segregation ratio of 18 sibships in which one of the parents was affected was 36 +/- 6% for single ascertainment and 46 +/- 5% for complete ascertainment; the corresponding figures of 14 sibships in which neither parent was affected was 30 +/- 7% for single ascertainment and 40 +/- 6% for complete ascertainment. The results of the analysis were consistent with the assumption of an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Pharmacokinetic studies of oral L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine in normal subjects and patients with familial amyloid polyneuropathy.

The pharmacokinetics of oral L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine (L-threo-DOPS) was studied in 7 normal subjects and 7 patients with familial amyloid polyneuropathy. Each person swallowed a single 300 mg dose in the fasting state, and L-threo-DOPS in plasma and urine was determined by high performance liquid chromatography with an electrochemical detector after separation on a boric acid gel column. L-threo-DOPS was slowly absorbed by normal subjects; the maximum plasma concentration occurred 3 h after administration and 20% of the oral dose was recovered unchanged in the urine within 12 h. It induced a substantial elevation of plasma norepinephrine levels, the peak being attained at 5 h, but without any change in blood pressure. In the patients, the absorption and metabolism of L-threo-DOPS were delayed, and a prolonged pressor response was observed, with a peak after 8 h. It was concluded that the effects on plasma norepinephrine and blood pressure of oral L-threo-DOPS were essentially equal to those of twice as large a dose of DL-threo-DOPS.

Adult↗