[A case report of pregnancy associated with Crohn's disease maintained on enteral hyperalimentation].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
A Hayashi
Publications and source records attributed to A Hayashi.
[An experimental study of successful tracheal replacement using pedicled latissimus dorsi muscle flap and soft Marlex mesh].
The present experimental study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of combined latissimus dorsi muscle flap and soft Marlex mesh in the reconstruction of the trachea. Thirty-one mongrel dogs underwent a two-stage operation. In the first stage operation, they were divided into four groups for implanting a different prosthesis. A silicone rod was used as the core and this was rolled with soft Marlex mesh to make a prosthesis (Group A and B: without reinforce, Group C: reinforced by wrapping stainless steel mesh, Group D: reinforced with helical stain steel wire). The latissimus dorsi muscle flap was rolled circumferentially around the prosthesis and it was left in place for a period of 4 to 6 weeks. In the second stage operation, the long pedicled muscle flap with the biologically organized prosthesis was mobilized to be guided into the cervix, and the tracheal reconstruction was done with them following circumferential tracheal resection. In result, five of six dogs of group D survived more than 6 months after the replacement without anastomotic leakage or stenosis causing inflammatory granulation. Organization with neo-vascularity of the prosthesis at the time of the tracheal reconstruction was important firstly to avoid incurring complications concerning anastomosis and secondly for long-term stability of the healing and epithelialization of the prosthesis.
Animals↗
Developmental changes of aldehyde dehydrogenase isozymes in human livers: mitochondrial ALDH2 isozyme is expressed in fetal livers.
Previous reports suggested that the major cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH1) was present in fetal and infant livers, but the major mitochondrial isozyme (ALDH2) was absent or severely diminished. Re-examination by means of starch gel electrophoresis followed by enzyme activity staining, and by means of dot blot immuno-hybridization of liver samples with known genotypes of the ALDH2 locus, indicated that both ALDH1 and ALDH2 genes are expressed in fetal and infant livers. In addition, ALDH4 isozyme was also observed. The results imply that a fetus with the 'usual' homozygous ALDH1(2)/ALDH1(2) genotype, but not one with the atypical ALDH1(2)/ALDH2(2) or ALDH2(2)/ALDH2(2), is capable of detoxifying acetaldehyde transferred from the mother.
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase↗
Urinary organic acids in elderly Japanese patients with ketosis and encephalopathy who have taken panto-yl-gamma-aminobutyrate, calcium salt (calcium hopantenate, HOPA).
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Acidosis↗
Determination of the presence of ceramide aminoethylphosphonate and ceramide N-methylaminoethylphosphonate in marine animals by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry.
Phosphonosphingolipids from 15 kinds of shellfish were analyzed by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry to determine the contents of ceramide aminoethylphosphonate (CAEPn) and ceramide N-methylaminoethylphosphonate (CMAEPn). Two pairs of ions, at m/z 126 and 140 in the positive ion mode and at m/z 124 and 138 in the negative ion mode, were used to distinguish between aminoethylphosphonic acid and N-methylaminoethylphosphonic acid in CAEPn and CMAEPn. Interestingly, mollusca in the early stage of evolution have both CAEPn and CMAEPn, while most in the middle stage have only CMAEPn and those in the highest stage have only CAEPn.
Aminoethylphosphonic Acid↗
Human blood group glycosphingolipids of porcine erythrocytes.
Two glycosphingolipids with human blood group A and H antigenicity were isolated from porcine erythrocyte membranes which were obtained from the pooled blood. The yield of the A- and H-antigenic glycolipids was approximately 0.2 and 0.1% of total neutral glycolipids, respectively. No B antigen was detected. Through several methods the porcine erythrocyte antigens were all found to belong to lactoseries (type 1 chain), IV2Fuc alpha, IV3GalNAc alpha Lc4Cer for type A and IV2-Fuc alpha Lc4Cer for type H, in contrast to the antigenic glycolipids in human erythrocytes, which mostly belong to neolactoseries (type 2 chain). The constituent fatty acids of the A antigen were 75% normal acids and 25% 2-hydroxy acids, and the long chain base was 95% sphingenine. This is the first demonstration of the A- and H-antigenic glycolipids on erythrocytes of pig in whose gastric mucin the human blood group A and H substances have been demonstrated.
ABO Blood-Group System↗
Anatomical study of the recurrent flaps of the upper arm.
In this paper the vascular anatomy of recurrent flaps of the upper arm is described, based on dissections of 16 cadavers, in which the anterior ulnar recurrent (AURA), posterior ulnar recurrent (PURA), radial recurrent (RRA) and interosseous recurrent (IRA) arteries were dissected. Anastomoses between the recurrent arteries and the corresponding collateral arteries were investigated. In two-thirds of the 16 cadavers the AURA, PURA and RRA showed direct communication with the corresponding collateral arteries; the IRA exhibited less well-defined communication in 15 of the cadavers. In cases with direct communication, recurrent flaps should be approached as axial flaps including the territories of the collateral vessels; in cases of less well-defined communication, the flap should be raised with a wide pedicle in order to obtain additional arterial input from the rete cubiti.
Adult↗
The lateral genicular artery flap.
A method for reconstruction of skin defects around the knee using the lateral genicular artery flap is presented. This flap is supplied mainly by the cutaneous perforator of the superior lateral genicular artery. On the basis of ten cadaver dissections, we found that the nutrient artery is reliable, penetrates the deep fascia at a small triangular area surrounded by the lateral femoral condyle, the vastus lateralis, and the short head of the biceps femoris, and anastomoses predominantly with the lateral perforators of the profunda femoris artery in the midlayer of the subcutaneous fatty tissue. This flap can be safely extended to the midpoint between the lateral femoral condyle and the greater trochanter.
Adult↗
The medial genicular artery flap.
The anatomical basis and clinical applications of the medial genicular artery flap, which is supplied mainly by the cutaneous perforator of the superior medial genicular artery, are herein described. Based on 10 cadaver dissections, the nutrient artery was found to be consistent and was seen to penetrate the deep fascia within a small triangular area bordered by the medial femoral condyle, the vastus medialis, and the adductor magnus tendon. The distal end of the flap must cover the skin over the medial femoral condyle, and the axis of the flap is along the lower half of the sartorius. The proximal end of the flap can be extended safely beyond the midpoint of the thigh. The medial genicular artery flap is thin and can nicely recontour defects around the knee, with an inconspicuous donor site on the medial aspect of the thigh.
Adult↗
The microbial flora from root canals and periodontal pockets of non-vital teeth associated with advanced periodontitis.
Microflora from root canals and periodontal pockets of periodontally affected teeth were compared in order to elucidate the as yet unknown relationship between pulpal and periodontal disease. Caries-free teeth affected with advanced periodontitis and diagnosed as clinically dead by electric pulp testing were selected. The root canals and periodontal pockets were sampled, and the bacterial flora examined by both culture and interference microscopy. The results indicated that the aerobe/anaerobe ratio in the periodontal pocket was 0.23, while it was 0.0022 in the root canal, the large predominance of obligate anaerobes reflecting the anaerobic environment found in the root canal. Morphological classification obtained from interference microscopy showed similar proportions of morphotypes in the two sites. Results of anaerobic culture demonstrated a significantly higher rate of detection of facultative Streptococcus bacteria in the periodontal pocket than in the root canal. The predominant bacterial species common to both regions were Streptococcus, Peptostreptococcus, Eubacterium, Bacteroides, and Fusobacterium for obligate anaerobes. As for facultative anaerobes, Actinomyces and Streptococcus were detected predominantly in the periodontal pocket. The occurrence of micro-organisms common to both sites in this study suggests that the periodontal pocket may be a possible source of root canal infections.
Actinomyces↗
[Phinocerebral mucormycosis--report of a case].
Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is a rare and fatal deep fungus infection occurring in debilitated patients. Its reports have been recently increased because of the increase of such conditions as uncontrolled diabetics, leukemia, and cancer. A 60-year-old male suffering from continuous headache and fever was diagnosed as meningitis, and repeated culture of cerebrospinal fluid was negative. Antibiotic therapy was ineffective. CT scan revealed brain abscess in the right frontal lobe and bone defect over the right posterior ethmoidal sinuses. Both maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses were operated on 38 years ago. The patient was suspected to have rhinologic brain abscess. We intended to remove the source of infection in the right posterior ethmoidal sinuses beneath the base of the skull and to repair the defect of dura mater. The operation was tried on the 6th hospital day. There was a cyst in the posterior ethmoidal sinuses and an intact denuded dura mater over the cyst. The causative organism was not detected by smear test, bacteriological and fungal culture. He relapsed into lethargy, and died on the 21st hospital day due to the vast cerebral infarction. Autopsy revealed rhinocerebral mucormycosis. The literature on this disease was also reviewed and discussed.
Brain Abscess↗
Pemphigus vulgaris associated with pregnancy. A case report from Japan.
We present a case of pemphigus vulgaris which developed during pregnancy. The newborn infant was normal. Bullous lesions were successfully treated by pulse therapy with high-dose corticosteroids. This is, to our knowledge, the first report in English from Japan describing pemphigus vulgaris associated with pregnancy.
Adult↗
[Intra-arterial infusion of high dose methotrexate therapy in recurrent gliomas].
Intra-arterial high dose methotrexate (MTX) infusion therapy for ACNU resistant recurrent gliomas was reported. MTX was administered 16 times to 6 patients. In all cases, 20% mannitol was infused to produce a reversible osmotic blood brain barrier disruption. Dosage of infused MTX was 1,000-2,000 mg per an artery. One case revealed a complete response on CT. Another case showed an intratumoral necrosis. Intra-arterial high dose MTX infusion yielded high arterial and cerebrospinal fluid concentration of MTX. No critical complications were experienced. Dosage of MTX, an interval between the therapies and proper timing to start leucovorin rescue will be discussed.
Adult↗
[Management results of primary intracranial malignant lymphoma].
Nineteen cases of primary malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system were reported. The clinical characteristics, diagnostic procedure and therapeutic method, especially concerning chemotherapy, were analysed. The following conclusions were obtained: 1) histological classifications and surgical procedures were not factors involved in prognosis. 2) radiotherapy was regarded as an effective but a palliative treatment. 3) combined chemotherapy for systemic malignant lymphoma, such as VEMP, VEP, COPP, seemed to be of little use for intracranial malignant lymphoma. 4) intra-arterial administration of high-dose methotrexate, ACNU and intravenous administration of high-dose cytosine arabinoside can be expected to be a useful chemotherapeutic approach.
Adolescent↗
[Percutaneous removal of renal and upper ureteral stones: clinical results and complications of 103 cases].
We report the results and complications of 103 consecutive patients who underwent percutaneous removal of renal and ureteral stones. The overall clinical success rate was 80.6%. For the recent 33 cases in which UL-arm fluoroscopy was used, however, the success rate was as high as 87.9%, which was considered to be due to easier establishment of percutaneous direct access. The most common complications were bleeding (18.5%), extravasation (15.5%) and fever (9.7%). Four cases with significant bleeding required arteriography, but there were no sign of arteriovenous fistula nor pseudoaneurysms in any cases. To study renal parenchymal damage in the percutaneous procedures, plasma renin activities (PRA) were compared in 54 cases after six months. However, significant elevation of PRA did not occur in any case.
Adult↗
[Pulmonary Tuberculosis in foreigners].
We studied the background and social problems of pulmonary tuberculosis in foreigners which we recently encountered at the National Chiba- Higashi Hospital and the Chiba Anti-tuberculosis Association. 1) The number of foreigners with pulmonary tuberculosis has been increasing year by year, one in 1983, none in 1984 and 1985, one in 1986, two in 1987 and four in 1988. 2) Most of these patients had been already infected or had some symptoms before their arrival to Japan. 3) Their background includes some serious social problems such as troubles in daily life coming from linguistic and cultural differences and economic difficulties, legal problems such as illegality of their stay in Japan, etc. 4) Most of the above cases could not be treated sufficiently because they are foreigners or because of their illegal stay.
Adolescent↗
Structural analysis of protein variants by mass spectrometry: characterization of haemoglobin providence using a grand-scale mass spectrometer.
A grand-scale mass spectrometer with high mass resolution and high transmission was employed for the analysis of haemoglobin variant. Two variants were isolated from a haemolysate by chromatography. Secondary ion mass spectrometry of complex peptide mixtures derived from these variants precisely determined the molecular weight of abnormal peptides. The molecular weight, 2857.4 and 2858.4, indicated the amino acid substitutions of asparagine and aspartic acid, respectively, for lysine at position 82 of beta globin chain. The mutations had been reported in haemoglobin Providence.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
The electromyographic examination to evaluate the external sphincter muscle in anorectal malformations.
Preoperative electromyographic examination is very useful in locating the external sphincter muscles and determining their degree of development. Electromyographic examinations showed the relatively abundant distribution of the external sphincter muscles in the perineum even in high-type anomalies. The results obtained by these examinations lead to the conclusion that preserving both the puborectal and external sphincter muscles should be the main consideration in surgery for anorectal malformations.
Anal Canal↗