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Biomedical subjects

A Hauschild

Publications and source records attributed to A Hauschild.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Merkel cell carcinoma: follow-up of 10 patients. Current diagnosis and therapy].

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neoplasm of the skin predominantly found on the head and extremities. Clinically MCC presents as a rapidly growing red or violaceous, dome-shaped, solitary tumor. The clinical and histological diagnosis of MCC remains difficult. Distinction from poorly differentiated small cell primary tumors or metastasis requires immunohistochemical analysis and-if available-electron-microscopic studies. We report on the follow-up of 10 patients with MCC treated in the past 6 years at our department. In nine patients the tumors were completely removable; in one patient with a large primary tumor of the upper lip no histologically proven complete excision could be performed. After a median follow-up of 42 months, local recurrence or lymph node involvement was observed in three patients. Two patients died following disseminated metastases, one elderly patient due to cardiac insufficiency. Our observations demonstrate that MCC is a potentially aggressive cutaneous tumor. Adequate primary surgical and adjuvant therapy as well as careful follow-up are mandatory.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Eruptive vellus hair cysts and steatocystoma multiplex. variants of one entity?

Eruptive vellus hair cysts and steatocystoma multiplex are two clinically similar conditions which show multiple papules and nodules, mainly located over the anterior chest wall. Most cases can be differentiated on histological examination, but in some patients overlapping histological features have been described. We present a patient who showed features of both entities and interpret this as suggesting that eruptive vellus hair cysts and steatocystoma multiplex are variants of one disorder which originates in the pilosebaceous duct.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Diabetes mellitus in cancer patients treated with combination interleukin 2 and alpha-interferon.

Diabetes mellitus is thought to be an autoimmune disease caused by destruction of beta cells in pancreatic islets. Insulin resistance in the peripheral tissues may also play a role. Both interleukin 2 (IL-2) and alpha interferon can enhance immune function by stimulating formation of cytolytic T cells and/or antigen expression on both normal and tumor cells. This report describes three patients with advanced malignancy who were treated with combination IL-2 and alpha interferon who had the onset or worsening of diabetes mellitus. One patient died as a result. There is evidence that interferon can increase insulin resistance and it is likely that both agents can initiate or enhance an ongoing autoimmune process. Physicians using this combination of drugs should be aware of this potential serious toxicity.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗
PubMed1994

Suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion in patients treated with interleukin-2 and interferon-alpha 2b for metastatic melanoma.

Recent reports suggest that combined therapy with recombinant interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN) alpha 2b may result in autoimmune-induced thyroid dysfunction. We prospectively analyzed thyroid function for 6 weeks in two groups of patients with progressive metastatic melanoma treated according to two different protocols. In group I (n = 17) three treatment cycles were given, each with three weeks of subcutanous administration of rIL-2 and INF-alpha 2b at different doses. In group II (n = 13) the chemotherapeutic agent dacarbazine was given in addition. In group 1 three patients developed frank hyperthyroidism, which required antithyroid drug therapy in one case. Autoantibodies against thyroid microsomal antigen, thyroglobulin, and the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor were not significantly elevated in any of these patients. However, the remaining 14 patients showed a significant decrease in TSH after 6 weeks of treatment, from 1.8 +/- 0.9 to 0.7 +/- 0.7 microU/ml (P < 0.02). Thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine, thyroxine, free thyroxine) also increased during the observation time, but this did not parallel the drop in TSH levels. Only thyroxine increased above the upper limit of normal, while triiodothyronine and free thyroxine stayed within the normal range. In group II, 6 of 13 patients (46%) had a decreased TSH after 6 weeks of treatment. Mean TSH was 1.5 +/- 1.4 before and 0.8 +/- 0.6 microU/ml after 6 weeks and was totally suppressed in three cases. None of these patients showed ouvert hyperthyroidism. Hypothyroidism was not observed in either group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Rothmund-Thomson syndrome].

One year after a normal birth a girl developed large, flat and net-like telangiectasias and erythema with hyper- and depigmentation (poikiloderma), at first in the face and later on the limbs, sparing the trunk. There was increased light sensitivity of the affected areas. At 3 years and 8 months of age her height was diminished (3rd percentile; height 104 cm, weight 15 kg) and she had a deep nasal root and bradydactylia. These cutaneous and extracutaneous abnormalities correspond to the spectrum of Rothmund-Thomson syndrome which has a wide clinical heterogeneity. The family history for this condition was negative.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1993

[Dramatic remission of a multiple metastasized melanoma caused by chemo-immunotherapy].

A 47 year old woman underwent excision of a malignant melanoma on the right shoulder. Nine years later she was attacked by intense pain in the back. Computed tomography, bone scans and immunohistochemical study of a liver biopsy specimen revealed metastases from the malignant melanoma in the liver, spleen and skeleton. Her Karnovsky score was 50%. Chemoimmunotherapy given for five cycles consisting of dacarbazine (800 mg/m2 body surface area every 4 weeks) together with ambulatory cytokine therapy (interferon alpha-2b subcutaneously, 5 million I.U. on days 1 and 3 to 7 in the first week, days 1, 3 and 5 in the second and third weeks and interleukin 2.9 million I.U. on days 1 to 5 in the second and third weeks; no treatment was given in the fourth week) raised the Karnovsky score to 90% and abolished the pain. Lactate dehydrogenase activity, originally 3372 U/l, dropped to normal. Computed tomography demonstrated definite shrinkage of the liver metastases and some regression of the splenic and bony deposits. This improvement has now been maintained for a total of eight cycles of therapy.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1993

Discrimination between immunoaccessory and phagocytic monocytes/macrophages of the skin in paraffin-embedded tissue by the monoclonal antibody Ki-M1P.

The variety of functions performed by monocytes and macrophages is reflected in their phenotypic diversity. Investigation of this complex system is facilitated by Ki-M1P, a new monoclonal antibody which recognizes a differentiation antigen on monocytes/macrophages in paraffin-embedded tissues. To test its usefulness as a pan-macrophage marker in the skin, we immunohistochemically analysed paraffin-embedded biopsy material from seven healthy individuals and 190 patients with a variety of dermatoses. Immunoreactivity was compared with results obtained with the antibodies KP-1, MAC-387, UCHL-1 and S-100. In normal skin, epidermal Langerhans cells were Ki-M1P-. Strong expression of this marker was detected on spindle-shaped as well as dendritic perivascular and intervascular macrophages. Pathological reaction forms such as giant cells and epithelioid cells in granulomatous dermatoses were also Ki-M1P+. The high specificity of Ki-M1P is reflected in the lack of reactivity with tumour cells in non-monocytic neoplasms and Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Thus, Ki-M1P is a useful marker for skin macrophages, discriminating between the immunoaccessory and the phagocytic compartments.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1992

[Intralesional treatment of classical Kaposi sarcoma with interferon-alpha].

A 71-year-old female patient with classic Kaposi sarcoma (sarcoma idiopathicum haemorrhagicum multiplex) of the lower legs and one hand was treated with intralesional recombinant interferon alpha 2b. After 6 consecutive weeks of intratumoral injection of 1-3 million IU interferon-alpha 2b (Intron A) in three marked lesions, complete remission of intralesionally treated and of untreated tumours was observed. Even 9 months after treatment, the patient is still in complete remission. We conclude that this low dose and well-tolerated treatment schedule with interferon-alpha 2b is effective and a good alternative to radiation or chemotherapy in Kaposi sarcoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Loss of leucocyte common antigen (CD45) on atypical lymphocytes in the localized but not disseminated type of Pagetoid reticulosis.

Atypical intraepidermal T cells in Pagetoid reticulosis did not express CD45RO, the low molecular isoform of CD45. These cells did express other CD45 isoforms in the disseminated aggressive variant (Ketron-Goodman type). The complete CD45 family was lost from the cell surface in the benign localized variant (Woringer-Kolopp type). Because the presence of CD45 is crucial for the function of the lymphocyte-specific tyrosine kinase p56lck, which is associated with lymphocyte growth and transformation, this may be the molecular basis for the non-aggressive nature of this clonal T-cell proliferation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Formalin-resistant leukocyte differentiation antigens in dermatohistopathology].

The diagnosis of cutaneous leucocytic and particularly lymphocytic infiltrates with a considerable degree of reliability, has become possible owing to the use of monoclonal antibodies against leucocyte differentiation antigens. This method of diagnosis depends heavily on the availability of frozen biopsies, however, since most antigens are destroyed by the routine tissue processing, including formol fixation, paraffin embedding and alcohol dehydration. In recent years an increasing number of antibodies has become available that allow the detection of formalin-resistant leucocyte differentiation antigens and thus can be used on conventional paraffin sections. When using such antibodies, which will be invaluable in routine diagnosis and, furthermore, will allow the investigation of old biopsies, the dermatopathologist must be familiar with the exact distribution of the detected antigen and should be aware of crossreactivities with other structures. This review presents the most important antibodies and gives hints on their rational and economical use.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Use of monoclonal antibodies (UCHL1, Ki-B3) against T and B cell antigens in routine paraffin-embedded skin biopsy specimens.

Diagnosis and classification of cutaneous lymphoid infiltrates are often hampered by lack of frozen tissue to allow detailed immunophenotyping. Therefore antibodies that recognize antigens resistant to routine tissue processing would be of value. In this study we present a detailed analysis of two such antibodies against CD45R antigens, UCHL1 and Ki-B3, that detect predominantly T or B cells, respectively. Tumor cells in 125 cases of various nonlymphatic skin tumors did not react with either UCHL1 or Ki-B3. Examination of 85 biopsy specimens from 13 different inflammatory skin diseases demonstrates that most reactive T cells in the skin carry the UCHL1 antigen, as controlled by simultaneous immunophenotyping in frozen tissue. With few exceptions, UCHL1 also detected the tumor cells in 28 cases of cutaneous malignant T cell lymphomas. In contrast, Ki-B3 failed to detect tumor cells in seven of eight cases of malignant B cell lymphomas of the skin.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗