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Biomedical subjects

A Hashimoto

Publications and source records attributed to A Hashimoto.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Effect of the dietary alpha-linolenate/linoleate balance on leukotriene production and histamine release in rats.

Rats were fed semi-purified diets supplemented either with safflower seed oil rich in linoleate (18:2n-6) or with perilla seed oil rich in alpha-linolenate (18:3n-3) through two generations. In the major phospholipids of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), the proportions of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (18:2, 20:4, 22:4 and 22:5) were higher but those of n-3 acids (20:5, 22:5 and 22:6) were lower in the safflower group than in the perilla group. When stimulated with a calcium ionophore, the PMNs from the safflower group produced 27% more leukotriene (LT)B4 than those from the perilla group. The formation of LTB5 which has biological activities less than 1/10 those of LTB4, was negligible in the safflower group but was 40 ng/10(7) PMN cells in the perilla group. The amount of the total LTB formed in the perilla group tended to be more than in the safflower group. The formation of SRS-A (slow-reacting substances of anaphylaxis) by PMNs was determined by measuring the spasmogenic activities of LTs on guinea pig ileum. SRS-A activity was 59% higher in the safflower group than in the perilla group. In contrast, histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells was not significantly different between the two groups. Thus, the increasing the alpha-linolenate/linoleate ratio of diets results in the decreased formation of LTs derived from 20:4n-6 in PMNs. This may be beneficial in lowering the severity of allergic and inflammatory responses caused by LTs, and thereby shifting the pathological symptoms to normal self-defense mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Stent creep of porcine bioprosthesis in the mitral position.

Stent creep, often associated with valve malfunction, is said to play an important role in the long-term performance of a porcine bioprosthesis. We have measured the angle of the stent post showing maximal inward bending (IBA) on 44 mitral porcine bioprostheses. All of them were explanted 1 to 12 years (mean explant time, 7.8 years) postoperatively at reoperation. Patients included 19 men and 25 women, ranging in age from 24 to 66 years (mean age, 47.2 years). Mean IBA was 12.7 +/- 4.2 [SD] degrees in 14 valves implanted for 7 years or less and 16.4 +/- 5.8 degrees in 30 valves implanted 8 years or longer (p less than 0.05). There was no significant difference in IBA among valves based on type (25 Hancock valves, 15.0 +/- 4.7 degrees; 10 Angell-Shiley valves, 16.2 +/- 8.6 degrees; and 9 Carpentier-Edwards valves, 14.4 +/- 3.7 degrees). There was a significant difference in IBA based on valve size (37 valves measuring 25-29 mm in diameter, 16.3 +/- 5.1 degrees; and 7 valves measuring 31 mm in diameter, 9.9 +/- 5.1 degrees; p less than 0.05). IBA showed a tendency to have a large value in a heart with a small left ventricular end-systolic volume. We conclude that (1) stent creep is not related to the materials or designs of the stent post, but tends to increase with passage of time in place; and (2) compression of the left ventricular wall is one of the main causes of stent-post bending.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

T-cell depletion by monoclonal antibodies does not prevent granuloma formation in mice.

Effects of T-cell depletion on the formation of organized granulomas in mouse skin were investigated. Monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) to L3T4 and Lyt-2.2 were injected into euthymic BALB/c mice in order to deplete both T-helper and T-suppressor cell populations. Four days after injection, hepatic schistosome egg granulomas were transplanted into the skin. Injection of MoAbs to L3T4 and Lyt-2.2 was repeated in the recipient mice 6 days later. At the time of transplantation, flow cytometric analysis showed that the number of T cells which were positively stained with surface markers decreased on average by 68% in both regional lymph nodes and spleen. The mitogen response of spleen cells was also markedly reduced. Despite their immunosuppressed condition, development of organized granulomas was observed in the skin of recipient mice by light and electron microscopy 3 weeks after transplantation. The findings indicate that T-cell function may not be essential for initiation of organized granuloma formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

An integrated study employing histopathological, immunohistocytochemical and radioimmunoassay analyses of atrial natriuretic peptide in the right and left atria in patients with mitral valve disease.

To clarify the production mechanism of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in right (RA) and left atria (LA) in mitral valve disease, histopathological and immunohistocytochemical analyses were performed and ANP levels were investigated by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in 28 patients. Atrial tissues were obtained during mitral valve replacement. ANP-like immunoreactivity of the myocytes applied by the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method was observed around the nuclei of the atrial myocytes. Electronmicroscopically, immunoreactivity was observed in atrial specific granules. Light-microscopically determined intensity of the immunoreactivity was classified into 4 grades and the intensity in 100 myocytes was expressed by adding the scores of each myocyte. Mean right atrial pressure was positively correlated with the activity score in RA (r = 0.80). Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was not correlated with the score in LA. The score in RA was significantly higher than that in LA. The ANP level in RA investigated by RIA was also higher than that in LA. Histopathological findings such as myocyte hypertrophy, degeneration and interstitial fibrosis were more severe in LA than in RA. In conclusion, longstanding atrial overloading, especially in LA, caused severe pathological damage, resulting in a smaller production of ANP. Much more ANP may be produced from RA in long-standing mitral valve disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Anterior pituitary cell antibodies detected in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease.

An immunofluorescence study using unfixed cryostat sections of rat pituitary glands was carried out on sera from 34 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 28 patients with Graves' disease, 10 patients with thyroid adenoma and 50 healthy subjects. After absorption of sera with rat liver tissues, 19 of 34 patients retained reactivity to anterior pituitary cell antibodies (PCA, 55.8%). On the other hand, immunofluorescence in anterior pituitary cells was faint and detected in only 2 of 28 patients with Graves' disease (7.1%) after absorption of their sera with rat liver aceton powder. A similar result was also obtained when PCA were compared in the sera of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease with high titers of thyroid microsomal autoantibodies. PCA were detected neither in the sera of patients with thyroid adenoma nor in the healthy subjects. The present study suggests that PCA were considerably more prevalent in Hashimoto's thyroiditis than in Graves' disease.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1988

Inspiratory right ventricular outflow obstruction in a patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

A patient with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with exertional near syncope is reported. Intra-right ventricular obstruction was demonstrated by hemodynamic studies during inspiration and the Valsalva maneuver with systemic hypotension. Improvement occurred following the administration of propranolol. It was suggested that syncope might be precipitated by hemodynamic changes such as a high output state and a depressed cardiac volume in relation to intra-right ventricular obstruction in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Effect of the dietary alpha-linolenate/linoleate balance on lipid compositions and learning ability of rats. II. Discrimination process, extinction process, and glycolipid compositions.

Donryu strain rats through two generations were fed semi-purified diets supplemented with safflower seed oil (rich in linoleic acid) or with perilla seed oil (rich in alpha-linolenic acid), or a conventional laboratory chow (normal control diet). Brightness-discrimination learning ability was determined to be the highest in the perilla oil-fed group, followed by the normal group, and then by the safflower group, extending our earlier observation in a different strain of rat that alpha-linolenic acid is a factor in maintaining high learning ability (Yamamoto, N., M. Saitoh, A. Moriuchi, M. Nomura, and H. Okuyama. 1987. J. Lipid Res. 28: 144-151). After the brightness-discrimination learning test was administered, extinction of learning was measured. The time required for extinction was significantly longer in the safflower group than in either the perilla group or the normal diet group. Thus, the dietary alpha-linolenate/linoleate balance affected both the learning and the extinction of learning. The glycolipids of the cerebrum, cerebellum, and olfactory lobe were analyzed. Although the fatty acid compositions of the sulfatide and gangliosides were significantly different in the three parts of the brain, relatively little difference was observed in the fatty acids of glycolipids between the safflower group and the perilla group, suggesting that gross changes in brain glycolipids are not responsible for the differences in learning abilities between these dietary groups.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Siblings with left ventricular diverticulum and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

This report describes very rare siblings who had a left ventricular muscular diverticulum and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The first case is a 16-year-old male. On two-dimensional echocardiography, a left ventricular muscular diverticulum in the posterior wall and mitral valve prolapse were detected. The former was verified by left ventriculography. Endomyocardial biopsy showed findings compatible with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The second case is a 13-year-old female. Two-dimensional echocardiography revealed a left ventricular muscular diverticulum in the same location as that of the first case, and mitral valve prolapse as well. The former was confirmed by left ventriculography. The endomyocardial biopsy findings were compatible with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The coronary angiograms were normal in both cases. To our knowledge, familial appearance of a left ventricular diverticulum has not yet been reported, and a left ventricular diverticulum at the posterior wall in cases with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is very rare.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Long-term results of porcine bioprosthetic heterograft; a 13-years' experience].

One hundred and ninety-four patients underwent valve replacements with the glutaraldehyde-preserved porcine bioprostheses (133 Hancock valves, 39 Angell-Shiley valves, 22 Carpentier-Edwards valves and 3 other valves) from 1974 through 1979. There were 105 women and 89 men, whose age ranged 18 to 62 (mean 38.8) years. One hundred and eighty-two patients had mitral bioprosthetic valve replacement (BVR)s, of which 52 had combined aortic mechanical valve replacements, 8 had aortic BVR's, 3 had tricuspid BVR's and 3 had multi-BVR's. Operative mortality was 10.8%. Only one patient was lost to follow-up. Cumulative duration of follow-up is 1421 patient-years. Linearized rate of anticoagulant related hemorrhage, thromboembolism (TE), prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE), primary tissue failure (PTF) and valve dysfunction (VD) were 0.07, 1.62, 0.49, 2.74 and 3.66% per patient-year. Actuarial freedom from TE, PVE, PTF and VD were 87.0 +/- 2.7%, 95.6 +/- 1.5%, 65.2 +/- 4.9% and 56.9 +/- 5.6% at 13 years. Actuarial survival rate was 67.4 +/- 4.0% at 13 years. Long term follow-up after valve replacement with porcine bioprosthetic valve confirms low thrombogenicity. But primary tissue failure was the chief cause of valve dysfunction and represent a major problem. At this time, we are going to use porcine bioprosthetic valve in the selected patients, that is in the situations in which anticoagulation is contraindicated.

Adolescent↗