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Biomedical subjects

A Hashimoto

Publications and source records attributed to A Hashimoto.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of leukocyte depletion in reducing injury to myocardium and lung during cardiopulmonary bypass.

Activated leukocytes and oxygen free radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of heart and lung injury after reperfusion and during cardiopulmonary bypass. This study was designed to determine whether leukocyte depletion prevents injury to the heart and lung during cardiopulmonary bypass. Twenty-eight open heart surgeries were performed in this study. In Group F, leukocyte depletion was performed with an LG-6 arterial line filter after aortic declamp (n = 14). Leukocyte depletion was not performed during cardiopulmonary bypass in Group C (n = 14). Thereafter, cardiac and lung function were assessed in the 24 hr after reperfusion. The total catecholamine dose used for 24 hr after reperfusion (r) was 61.9 +/- 13.4 in Group C and 43.9 +/- 19.2 in Group F (p < 0.05). CK-MB at 3 and 6 hr after reperfusion was 65.9 +/- 13.5 and 64.8 +/- 15.8 in Group C and 45 +/- 11.8 and 38 +/- 10.8 in Group F, respectively (p < 0.05). The pulmonary index after reperfusion at 3 and 6 hr was 1.7 +/- 0.5 and 1.3 +/- 0.4 in Group C and 0.7 +/- 0.3 and 0.6 +/- 0.4 in Group F, respectively (p < 0.05). There was significantly better preserved lung function in Group F. In conclusion, leukocyte depletion was significantly effective in preserving heart and lung function during cardiopulmonary bypass.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrasonographic appearance of orthotopic ureterocele in a dog.

A three-year-old, intact male, Siberian husky was evaluated for a two day history of dysuria. Sonographically there was an anechoic cyst-like structure in the urinary bladder. The abnormality appeared to be a 'cyst within a cyst', which is a characteristic ultrasonographic feature of ureterocele in humans. Ultrasonography may be a useful means of establishing a diagnosis of ureterocele in dogs.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endoscopic ultrasonography of the pancreas in the dog.

Endoscopic ultrasonography was done in 12 normal adult dogs to investigate its efficacy in visualization of the pancreas. The endoscopic ultrasonographic device used in the present study had a curved-array ultrasound transducer mounted in front of the objective lens. The tip of the ultrasonic endoscope was inserted into the stomach, and all examinations of the pancreas were performed from within the stomach. Endoscopic ultrasonography provided good images of most parts of the pancreas except for the ends of each lobe. Useful information about the pancreatic parenchyma, including pancreatic lobular structure, pancreatic duct, and vessels of the pancreas was obtained by endoscopic ultrasonography. Blood flow within vessels was detected using color Doppler and pulsed-wave Doppler examination. These results suggest that endoscopic ultrasonography is available as an effective diagnostic modality in small animal practice.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Endoscopic ultrasonographic findings of the pancreas after pancreatic duct ligation in the dog.

Endoscopic ultrasonographic evaluation and gray-scale histogram analysis of pancreatic atrophy after pancreatic duct ligation were performed in four normal adult dogs. Using endoscopic ultrasonography, markedly dilated pancreatic ducts were visualized, and the pancreas became gradually atrophied with a hyperechoic parenchyma. In gray-scale histogram analysis of the pancreas, mean brightness increased gradually until 8 weeks, then decreased temporally. Standard deviation of the histogram increased markedly and then fluctuated until the 4th week, after which the mean brightness and standard deviation became stable. At 4 weeks postoperatively, collapse of most pancreatic acinar structures were observed, and each atrophic lobule was associated with a significantly large amount of interstitial fibrous tissue at histopathology. At 12 weeks postoperatively, most exocrine tissue had decreased and was partly replaced by fibrous and fatty tissue. These changes of mean brightness and standard deviation reflected the histologic analysis. These findings indicated that endoscopic ultrasonography is a useful technique to image such atrophic disorders of the pancreas as chronic pancreatitis. Furthermore, gray-scale histogram analysis provides helpful information for ultrasonographic tissue characterization of the pancreas.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of cardiac calcinosis in hemodialysis patients by whole-body scintigraphy with 99m-technetium methylene diphosphonate.

A noninvasive method for the diagnosis of cardiac calcinosis, a life-threatening complication in hemodialysis patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), has not, as yet, been firmly established. We tested whether whole body scanning with 99m-technetium methylene diphosphonate (MDP) might visualize cardiac calcinosis. In 19 consecutive chronic hemodialysis ESRD patients (13 males and 6 females, aged 40-81, mean 63 +/- 8 years) with cardiovascular disease [mitral annular calcinosis and/or calcified aortic valve (n = 4), hemodialysis cardiomyopathy (n = 1), coronary artery disease (n = 9) and peripheral artery atherosclerotic disease (n = 6)], MDP uptake in the heart was compared to that in 7 non-ESRD controls with hyperparathyroidism due to adenoma. Cardiac and lung field MDP uptake was confirmed in only 3 (16%) and 5 (26%) of the 19 ESRD subjects, respectively, but was absent in controls. Positive cardiac uptake was related to cardiac calcified complications (mobile intracardiac calcinosis, myocardial calcinosis and mitral annular calcification) and the duration of hemodialysis (p = 0.015). While it was statistically insignificant, subjects showing MDP uptake were elder and had higher serum Ca or Ca x P product and lower intact parathyroid hormone levels. These results suggest that cardiac calcinosis in ESRD patients can be detected noninvasively by myocardial scintigraphy with 99m-technetium MDP.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute insulin response to intravenous arginine in nonobese healthy cats.

The purpose of this study was to document and characterize insulin response to intravenous administration of arginine, a nonglucose secretagogue, and compare it to insulin response during intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs) in clinically healthy nonobese cats. In addition, we examined the influence of plasma glucose level on insulin response to arginine in cats. Five dosages of 10% L-arginine hydrochloride (0.015, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 g/kg of body weight) were administered to 5 cats. All doses of arginine elicited an abrupt insulin response that peaked at 2-4 minutes and returned to basal concentrations within 30 minutes. Mean insulin peak response (IPR) and mean area under the curve of plasma insulin concentration evaluated for the initial 10 minutes after administration (AUC10) increased with each progressive increase in arginine dosage. An asymptotic maximal response estimated by mean insulin AUC10 reached plateau at 0.1-0.2 g arginine/kg. Arginine at 0.2 g/kg induced hypersalivation in 2 of 4 cats. No adverse effects were evident at lower doses. Mean insulin AUC10 produced by equimolar amount of glucose (0.086 g/kg) was only 42% of that seen in response to 0.1 g arginine/kg, and mean IPR was much lower (18 +/- 7 versus 61 +/- 17 microU/mL). Mild hyperglycemia (211 +/- 6 mg/dL) induced by variable infusion rate of glucose resulted in a significant (P < .05) potentiation of insulin response to arginine; mean insulin AUC10 increased 287 +/- 26 to 551 +/- 167 microU/mL/10 minutes. These findings indicate that the arginine challenge is a more meaningful tool than is the IVGTT for evaluating the insulin secretory capacity in cats.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Esophageal/gastric adenocarcinoma in a dog.

A nine-year-old, intact female, mixed-breed dog was presented with a history of chronic regurgitation and weight loss. Endoscopy and contrast radiography confirmed the presence of a distal esophageal mass. The dog was euthanized, and histopathological diagnosis of the mass was an esophageal/gastric adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anticancer effect of 4-[3,5-bis(trimethylsilyl)benzamido] benzoic acid (TAC-101) against A549 non-small cell lung cancer cell line is related to its anti-invasive activity.

We examined the effects of TAC-101 on the invasion and metastasis of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. TAC-101 showed an ability to inhibit in vitro invasiveness of NSCLC at a non-cytotoxic concentration range of 3-10 microM; such concentration levels were easily achievable following oral administration of therapeutically effective doses. The inhibition of cell invasion at 10 microM of TAC-101 accounted for 58-69% when compared with control cells. Oral administration of TAC-101 (4 mg/kg/day) to mice bearing lung implanted A549 lung cancer resulted in significant life-prolonging effect (T/C: 143%). More pronounced life-prolonging effect was observed in the experimental liver metastasis model of A549, where T/C of 215% was observed following administration at 4 mg/kg/day of TAC-101. However, TAC-101 did not show the direct anti-tumor effect against the established A549 tumor xenografts after subcutaneous implantation. These findings suggest that TAC-101 interferes with cell-to-cell interaction processes leading, for instance, to the inhibition of the invasion of NSCLC cells. Taking into account the pharmacological properties of TAC-101, it is expected that TAC-101 may be a suitable candidate drug for the treatment of lung cancer patients, especially those with a predictable metastasizing potential.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The induction of apoptosis and inhibition of AP-1 activity by TAC-101 (4-[3,5-bis(trimethylsilyl) benzamido] benzoic acid) may result in life prolonging effect in animals bearing metastasizing cancer.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of cancers of the digestive tract has been high among all of the cancers in Japan and the western hemisphere. The poor prognosis of patients, especially those with liver metastases, has become a great challenge for the development of a new drug to cope with this problem. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mice implanted by intrasplenic injection of TMK-1, human gastric carcinoma cells, were used to examine the life-prolonging effect of TAC-101. To elucidate a mechanism of action of TAC-101, the drug-induced apoptosis was assessed by DNA ladder formation whilst the prevention of transcription factor AP-1 binding to its DNA recognition sequence was assessed by gel shift assay. RESULTS: TAC-101 showed the life prolonging effect in a model of experimental liver metastasis of TMK-1. The antitumor effect, expressed as T/C (%), was 201, 141 and 112%, for TAC-101 (2 mg/kg), ATRA (8 mg/kg) and 5-FU (19 mg/kg), respectively. The in vitro experiments revealed that the anticancer activity of TAC-101 is related to its ability to induce apoptosis within a short period of time in TMK-1 cells and human leukemic cells, HL-60. TAC-101-induced apoptosis was suppressed by the inhibitors of proteases, specifically by Z-Val-Ala-DL-Asp-fluoromethylketone, indicating the involvement of caspase activation. TAC-101 also inhibited, in a concentration-dependent manner, the binding of AP-1 to its DNA binding sites present in the promoter region of the genes involved in the control of cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. CONCLUSION: TAC-101 may suppress liver metastasis by the induction of an apoptotic mechanism(s) in cancer cells and possibly by controlling transcriptional activity of AP-1.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical treatment of annulo-aortic ectasia.

Replacement of the aortic valve and the entire ascending aorta (modified Bentall's technique) was performed in 11 patients with annulo-aortic ectasia. Nine patients are alive and well postoperatively. In comparison with our previous surgical technique, by which the aortic root was left remaining without removal, the new technique required less bypass time, including less coronary perfusion time and less amount of intraoperative bleeding than the cases handled by the previous technique, whereas amount of postoperative bleeding in both groups was not significantly different. Details of the new technique were described and the advantages of this technique are security of intraoperative hemostasis as well as shortened operation time. The Björk-Shiley tilting disc prosthesis was really convenient for this surgical technique because of its low profil architecture, and also this prosthesis gives excellent postoperative results in combination with the new surgical technique.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychophysiologic changes in sleep during simulated 200-m heliox saturation dives.

The standard polysomnogram and questionnaire were measured from 4 subjects during 2 simulated 200-m heliox saturation dives. These measurements were performed for 1 precompression night, bottom nights, 4 or 5 nights during decompression, and 1 postdecompression night. Although the subjects reported a marked decrease in quantity and quality of sleep at the bottom, only a slight degree of sleep disturbance caused by frequent awakenings was found in polysomnograms. Throughout the dive period, latency of each sleep stage, quantity of REM sleep, and the REM-NREM cycle showed no changes, whereas quantity of slow wave sleep remained at a low level. From these results it was inferred that basic sleep mechanisms were not affected under 200-m heliox environment. Unusual physiologic phenomena were observed during the dive period. Intermittent diffuse rhythmic theta activity was found in 1 subject at sleep stage REM during the bottom. Rhythmic contraction of facial muscles, which was similar to bruxism, increased, particularly at sleep stage 2 in all subjects during decompression.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Non-phagocytic beta-glucuronidase release in Behçet's disease.

Non-phagocytic beta-glucuronidase release from neutrophils obtained from patients with Behçet's disease was assessed using chemotactic peptide as an enzyme inducer. Neutrophils from the patients with active Behçet's disease released much more beta-glucuronidase than neutrophils from the patients with inactive Behçet's disease or from normal healthy people. Beta-glucuronidase release was parallel to the activity of the disease and can be used as an indicator for the activity of Behçet's disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A gouty family with increased phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase activity: case reports, familial studies, and kinetic studies of the abnormal enzyme.

Two male patients with urate overexcretion and clinical gout in a family showed activity of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) synthetase in erythrocyte lysates (3.1-fold) greater than that found in normal subjects. Hemolysates from 5 female persons in this family contained (2.7-fold) increased enzyme activity suggesting X-linked dominant transmission of the abnormality. Increased maximal velocity of the enzyme, aberrant protein pattern in polyacrylamide electrophoresis, and increased thermolability in purified enzyme suggested that this enzyme is a mutant one. From these findings, it was assumed that the characteristics of this enzyme were different from 4 previously reported enzymes.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chronic dissecting aorta aneurysm: a medical or surgical disease?

The surgical results obtained in 40 cases of chronic dissecting aorta aneurysm are reported and compared with the results obtained in medically treated cases. Improved results with improved surgical techniques are described and the superiority of surgical treatment as opposed to medical treatment is stressed. Although mortality is decreasing, it is still very high and many surgical problems remain unsolved.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiographic abnormalities in patients with Behçet's disease.

It was believed that there were no abnormal radiographic changes in patients with Behcet's disease, but in this study, we examined X-ray films of the hands of 20 patients with Behcet's disease who had had a history of arthritis in the hands for more than 5 years. As a result, juxta-articular demineralization was seen in 11 patients, carpal rotation was seen in 9, narrowing of the joint space was observed in 3, and asymmetrical bone destruction was seen in 2. From our study, radiological abnormalities of the joints appear more common in Behcet's disease than believed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical management of bleeding aortopulmonary fistula and removal of an infected graft.

An anastomotic pseudoaneurysm after congenital coarctation repair performed thirteen years ago, combined with an actively bleeding aortopulmonary fistula and an infected artificial graft, were successfully managed by employing an ascending aorta-infrarenal abdominal aortic bypass, and removal of an infected graft of the descending thoracic aorta.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Successful surgical management of a dissecting aneurysm of the ascending and transverse aorta with heart failure due to sudden, severe aortic valve insufficiency.

A dissecting aneurysm of the ascending and transverse aorta with heart failure due to sudden severe arotic valve insufficiency in a 47-year-old man has been treated successfully. Vasodilator therapy was done preoperatively, and then hemodynamics was improved markedly. A selective perfusion technique by using separate pumps at pre-determined flow-rates with hypothermia was utilized. The replacement of both the aortic valve and the ascending and transverse aorta involving brachiocephalic artery with a prosthetic valve and expanded polytetra-fluoroethylene coated woven Dacron grafts was performed.

Aortic Dissection↗