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Biomedical subjects

A Hackelsberger

Publications and source records attributed to A Hackelsberger.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Epidemiology and pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection].

In 1982 a spiral gram-negative bacterium was first cultured from human gastric mucosa. Helicobacter pylori causes chronic active gastritis, which is the most common chronic infectious disease worldwide. The fact that this bacterial infection is furthermore linked to the majority of all duodenal and gastric ulcers is now commonly accepted after initial scepticism. Some fundamentals of this infectious disease like the extrahuman reservoir of pathogens and the mode of transmission are only partially understood. Some of the bacterial virulence factors allowing mucosal colonization and inflammation have been described. So are some details in the bacterial interaction with the host's immune system. The specific feature of this infection is the inability of the immune system to eliminate H. pylori. Finally no immunity but lifelong chronic infection results. The question, why some individuals infected will have merely gastritis, while others will suffer from peptic ulcer disease, or even gastric carcinoma cannot be answered sufficiently by now. Environmental factors may play a role as well as varying pathogenicity of bacterial strains. Furthermore the age at which infection was acquired and genetic differences in the host's susceptibility to disease are of importance.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

A risk-benefit assessment of drugs used in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection.

Helicobacter pylori is the cause of chronic active gastritis and predisposes to peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Furthermore, H. pylori is linked to the pathogenesis of gastric lymphoma and gastric cancer. However, treatment of this infection has proven difficult. In the last decade, many antimicrobial compounds have been studied extensively as monotherapy as well as in combination with bismuth or acid-suppressive drugs. The individual drugs and the most important eradication regimens are discussed with special regard to their risks. In the past, highly complex multidrug regimens, fear of adverse effects and frequent eradication failures have hampered the broad acceptance of H. pylori-eradication therapies. Recently, new 1-week, low-dose combination regimens of 2 antibacterials with a proton pump inhibitor have consistently achieved eradication rates of 90% and more with an acceptably low rate of adverse effects. One week's standard triple therapy [tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate (or bismuth salicylate plus metronidazole plus tetracycline or amoxicillin) has been shown to be highly effective and tolerated better in combination with a proton pump inhibitor. This regimen is, however, more complex and has more adverse effects. Therefore, it is not recommended as first-line therapy. Equipped with these therapies physicians can now be strongly encouraged to use H. pylori eradication as the therapy of choice for patients with PUD and even extend this treatment to other H. pylori-associated disease conditions.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1995

Endoscopic polypectomy and management of colorectal adenomas with invasive carcinoma.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Invasive carcinoma is found at histology in 2-5% of colorectal polyps removed under flexible endoscopy. The aim of this study was to confirm that histologically complete endoscopic polypectomy under favorable low-risk conditions is sufficient therapy for pT1 carcinoma, while tumors at or close to the margin of the polypectomy, and histological high-risk criteria, require surgical resection with lymphadenectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty-six patients with 87 pT1 carcinomas underwent polypectomy within a twelve-and-a-half-year period. Further treatment prospectively followed the above guidelines. The follow-up was documented. RESULTS: A local tumor residue was found in 5 of 34 patients who had undergone surgical resection for doubtful or incomplete polypectomy. Two patients were found to have nodal disease in the surgical specimen, only one of them harboring a high-risk carcinoma. Two further patients with high-risk carcinomas had tumor progression, despite postpolypectomy resections without local tumor residue or lymph-node infiltration, and died. One patient had a local tumor recurrence on follow-up endoscopy eight weeks after doubtfully complete polypectomy. He underwent resection, and had no further recurrence. No further manifestations of invasive carcinoma occurred after complete polypectomy of 42 patients with low-risk carcinomas. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports the view that complete endoscopic polypectomy is an adequate therapy for low-risk carcinoma: A modification of the follow-up regimen, with less frequent endoscopic controls, is justified.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1993

[Benign chondroma of the pancreas].

Fragments of a puncture cylinder were obtained from a pancreas tumour, using the ultrasound-guided fine-needle puncture. The tumour appears as an echo-poor, homogeneous structure suggesting good delineation against the adjoining tissue. Histological examination of the punch cylinder revealed a chondroma of the pancreas. Clinical and clinical pathology examinations (lipase, alpha-amylase, glucose, CEA, CA 19-9 in serum) were inconspicuous. Chondroma of the pancreas does not require specific treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Ultrasound-controlled percutaneous drainage of subhepatic liver abscess after conventional cholecystectomy].

From February 1984 to August 1991 subhepatic abscesses were detected by ultrasound in 7 patients with fever following conventional cholecystectomy. Cholecystectomy had been performed in all these patients 6 to 27 days previously. All patients had received antibiotic prophylaxis at the time of cholecystectomy. Three of the 7 patients were at first afebrile, later on again febrile. In the remaining 4 of the 7 patients antibiotic treatment was continued in the face of persistent fever. Percutaneous catheter drainage was performed in all patients. In all of the 7 cases the subhepatic abscesses resolved completely within 10 days to 7 weeks.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Cavernous liver hemangioma with arterio-portal fistula].

Evidence of a cavernous hemangioma of the liver with fistula between hepatic artery and the portal vein of a 52 year-old woman with colickly upper abdominal pain and ascites was obtained using Duplex-Doppler-ultrasound. The diagnosis was confirmed by selective arteriography. After ligation of the left hepatic artery clinical symptoms abated. The cavernous hemangioma was followed up over 7 1/2 years with ultrasound. Ultrasound has been shown to be a valuable test for diagnosis and follow up of cavernous hemangioma.

Angiography↗