Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A H Short

Publications and source records attributed to A H Short.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Learning by game.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Education, Medical, Undergraduate↗
PubMed1977

The hepatocellular uptake of glucose, galactose and fructose in conscious sheep.

1. Surgical techniques for chronic catheterization of hepatic and portal veins in the sheep are described. These catheters remained usable for 2-6 months and did not alter hepatic morphology. 2. Hepatocellular uptake of monosaccharides was estimated from their ability to pass the boundaries of the sucrose space in a double indicator dilution procedure in conscious fed sheep. 3. A large proportion (81%) of D-glucose carried in the portal blood was found to enter an hepatic cellular compartment. 4. The radioactive label of D-glucose infused in the portal vein remained associated with D-glucose in hepatic venous blood samples during the experimental period. 5. A large proportion (74%) of an infused trace of D-galactose, a smaller proportion (33%) of D-fructose, and negligible amounts of L-glucose were taken up in a single passage through the liver. 6. Raised blood concentrations of sucrose or of methyl-alpha-D-glucoside (Me-alpha-DG) significantly diminished the proportional uptake of D-glucose. Raised blood concentrations of glucose, galactose or Me-alpha-DG diminished the proportional uptake of D-galactose. Raised blood concentrations of fructose diminished the proportional uptake of fructose. 7. Neither total hepatic blood flow changes nor competitive effects within the cell could account for these findings. 8. It is concluded that these monosaccharides enter the liver cell by facilitated diffusion, and share at least some of the membrane elements that mediate this process. It seems likely that only a proportion of the glucose-transporting apparatus is accessible to galactose.

Animals↗
PubMed1967

The influence of conjugation of cholic acid on its uptake and secretion: hepatic extraction of taurocholate and cholate in the dog.

1. Sodium taurocholate or cholate was administered systemically at a constant rate of about 2.9 mumole/min.kg body wt. to anaesthetized dogs in which the common bile duct had been cannulated. In steady-state conditions blood was sampled from systemic and hepatic veins and the fraction of bile salt removed in a single passage through the liver was determined. Total hepatic blood flow was estimated by application of the Fick principle.2. The hepatic extraction fraction for synthetic taurocholate in ten experiments was 92%+/-5% (S.D.) over the blood flow range encountered (1.1-2.8 ml./min.g liver). The extraction of cholate extensively conjugated in the liver before excretion into bile was 79%+/-8% (S.D.) (twenty-one observations, thirteen experiments). In circumstances of similar hepatic blood flow the extraction of cholate transferred to bile in the free form (after acute taurine depletion) was significantly less than that of either synthetic taurocholate or cholate which could be actively conjugated before excretion. These results, which are discussed and criticized, support previous work on the advantage of conjugation in the transfer of cholic acid from blood to bile.3. The hepatic clearance of bile salt decreases with increasing administration rate, but the values obtained may be influenced by changes in hepatic blood flow. With regard to taurocholate an increase in total hepatic flow was observed when its administration rate exceeded about 5 mumole/min.kg body wt.4. The secretory maximum for glycocholate, a bile salt not normally found in dog bile, was of the same order as that for taurocholate.

Animals↗