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Biomedical subjects

A H Rossof

Publications and source records attributed to A H Rossof.

34 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

MItomycin C, methyl-CCNU and 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of metastatic colorectal carcinoma.

The combination of mitomycin C, methyl-CCNU and 5-fluorouracil produced no objective tumor regressions in 25 evaluable patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Patients who achieved stable disease survived significantly longer than patients who had progressive disease. This difference appeared to be more probably related to pre-treatment characteristics of the patients than caused by treatment. Serial CEA determinations revealed a parallel relationship with tumor behavior in 17 of 19 patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Lithium carbonate increases marrow granulocyte-committed colony-forming units and peripheral blood granulocytes in a canine model.

Psychiatric patients given lithium carbonate (LC) commonly develop granulocytosis of the peripheral blood. This is an important observation with several potential applications in clinical hematology and oncology. In order to study further this phenomenon, we have developed an animal model of LC-induced granulocytosis. Four mongrel dogs weighing 23--28 kg were given commercially available LC in 300 mg capsules by mouth twice daily. Peripheral blood was examined twice weekly and marrow granylocyte-committed colony forming units (CFU-c) were studied weekly. Significant increments of peripheral granulocytes (P = 0.003) and of marrow CFU-c (P =0.001) were noted. An increased number of marrow CFU-c has not been previously reported but is consistent with other knowledge about this phenomenon. We conclude that this convenient animal model may be of value in further studies of LC-induced granulocytosis and its possible applications.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Recognition and successful management in pulmonary aspergillosis in leukemia.

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a common fungal infection in the compromised host. The outcome has been generally poor and, until recently, most reports are derived from autopsy series. We report nine patients with leukemia and the characteristic clinical presentation of pulmonary infarction. There is histological evidence that infarction is due to fungal invasion of the pulmonary arterial system with distal hemorrhagic infarction, cavitation, and mycetoma formation. This complete evolution was detected in six patients, none of whom had previous cavitary pulmonary disease. Therapy included amphotericin B (9 patients), aerosolized nystatin (6 patients), and 5-fluorocytosine (5 patients). Complete resolution of the pulmonary lesions occurred in six patients with a subsequent median survival of 13.5 months (range: 5-32+ months). Three patients died with continuing pulmonary infiltrate. Despite the antifungal chemotherapy, resolution seemed to correlate best with recovery of circulating neutrophils.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A kinetically designed chemotherapeutic regimen for advanced refractory lymphoma patients.

Three patients with Hodgkin disease, eight with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and one with chronic lymphocytic leukemia refractory to conventional combination chemotherapy were treated for remission induction with a new kinetically designed four-drug combination consisting of bleomycin, vincristine, adriamycin, and prednisone and given the acronym "BOAP." Eight patients had prior radiotherapy, included two who had total nodal irradiation. Eight patients (all three with Hodgkin disease and five of eight with non-Hodgkin lymphoma) achieved complete remission (73% of the lymphoma patients). An additional two patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma sustained partial remissions, for an overall response rate of 91%. Toxicity caused the interruption of therapy in three patients and an additional patient might have sustained a drug-related death. This study compares favorably with other studies investigating primary or secondary combination chemotherapy of advanced lymphomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phase II evaluation of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in advanced malignancies of the genitourinary and gynecologic organs: a Southwest Oncology Group Study.

One hundred and forty-seven fully and partially evaluable patients with advanced measurable malignancies of the genitourinary and gynecologic organs were given cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) at a dose of 75 mg/m2 iv every 3 weeks. Thirty-six patients with testicular neoplasms were studied; five complete responses (13.9%) and seven partial responses (PR) (19.4%) were noted. Thirty-seven patients with ovarian adenocarcinoma were evaluated; five PRs (13.5%) were seen. One complete response (11.1%) and two PRs (22.2%) were obtained among nine patients with urinary bladder cancer. Four PRs (19.0%) were seen among a group of 21 patients with advanced prostate cancer. One PR (4.8%) was noted among 21 patients with renal cell cancer and no responses were seen in eight patients with cervical cancer. There was a highly statistically significant (P less than 0.001) survival advantage for the responding testicular tumor patients. Toxicity was similar to that previously reported, with gastrointestinal side effects and nephrotoxicity most commonly seen. Prospective and sequential analysis of renal function provided strong evidence for cumulative nephrotoxicity in these patients given bolus injections of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) without prehydration or treatment with fuosemide or mannitol.

Cisplatin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phase II evaluation of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in lymphomas: a Southwest Oncology Group Study.

The Southwest Oncology Group has evaluated the activity of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) at a dose of 75 mg/m2 given as an iv bolus injection every 3 weeks to 25 fully and partially evaluable patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. One complete response, two partial responses, and one improvement less than a partial response were noted. Myelosuppression, in the form of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia, was identified and seemed to be more prevalent and more severe than in previous studies. We have attributed this to the extensive prior treatments which these patients had received and to the presence of tumor-bearing marrow which was observed in some of them. The anticipated toxic effects which were noted included nausea and vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, renal injury, and hyperuricemia. The precise role of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in the management of human lymphomas awaits elucidation.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Progesterone receptor level as a predictor of response to megestrol acetate in advanced breast cancer: a retrospective study.

Megestrol acetate (160 mg/day) produced a response rate of 44% in a retrospective series of 39 evaluable patients with advanced breast cancer. The estrogen-receptor (ER) level was greater than 10 fmols/mg of protein in 28 patients, and the progesterone-receptor (PR) level was greater than 10 fmols/mg of protein in 26 patients. ER and PR levels, age, and disease-free interval were analyzed for their relationship to response. The PR was the single best predictor of response to megestrol acetate; the addition of ER added 2% to the predictive accuracy rate of PR alone.

Breast Neoplasms↗