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Biomedical subjects

A H Khan

Publications and source records attributed to A H Khan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The postcardiac injury syndromes.

Late pericarditis following myocardial infarction, cardiac surgery, or trauma is referred to as postmyocardial infarction syndrome (PMIS) or postcardiotomy syndrome (PCS), respectively. The term postcardiac injury syndrome (PCIS) is used to encompass both these entities. PCIS is characterized by fever, pleuropericardial pain, pericarditis, and pulmonary involvement. Abnormal laboratory findings include leukocytosis, high sedimentation rate, and chest x-ray abnormalities of pleural effusion with or without pulmonary infiltrates. Evidence supports an immunopathic etiology; viruses may play a contributing role. The course is benign but rare complications include tamponade, constriction, anemia, and coronary bypass graft occlusion. Anti-inflammatory agents are helpful; indo-methacin and steroids are preferably avoided. Rarely, PMIS-like syndrome may occur following pulmonary embolism. Anticoagulation and steroids have been used successfully in the latter situation.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1992

Hodgkin's disease in children.

This study provides information about histological types of Hodgkin's disease (HD) among children of Pakistan. Hodgkins disease constitutes 12 per cent of all pediatric malignant tumours. The peak incidence is between 6 and 10 years. The male to female ratio is 5.25:1. The majority (78 per cent) present with cervical lymphadenopathy. Mixed cellularity (MC) is the commonest histological type. In the developed countries nodular sclerosis (NS) and lymphocyte predominant (LP) subtypes are more common, and which have better prognosis. The developing countries have a higher incidence of poor prognostic subtypes. Our study indicates a situation intermediate between the two.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Pilomatricoma: a retrospective study.

A study of 53 Pakistani patients with pilomatricoma diagnosed at AFIP during 1985-1989 is presented. It constituted 37.2% of all benign adnexal tumors, during the same period. 56.2% of patients were more than 30 years of age. Differences in site, sex, and age distribution from Western reports were observed. Unusual clinical presentations were also noted. This study outlines the clinicopathologic features of pilomatricoma in Pakistan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Gastric carcinoma--a study of 100 cases in northern Pakistan.

We describe 100 consecutive patients with histologically proven gastric carcinoma who were admitted to various hospitals in Northern Pakistan. Twenty-six per cent of patients were under 40 years of age. In a majority of patients the tumour was of a morphological type associated with poor prognosis. In most cases the disease was already at an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis, and most patients died within one year.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Anorectal melanoma in northern Pakistan.

Melanoma of the anorectum is a rare malignancy. At Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), 11 cases were diagnosed over a 10 year period (1981-1990) constituting 14.2% of all primary malignant melanomas. The anorectum was the commonest site for noncutaneous melanomas (45.8%). The age group commonly affected was the fifth to seventh decade (72.7%). Most of the tumours were extensive involving both anal canal and rectum. The proportion of anorectal melanoma is much higher in our study as compared to western reports (0.4-1.6%). The distribution of noncutaneous melanomas in our population also differs, with a relatively lower proportion of ocular melanomas (33.3%) which are the commonest (80%) in western studies (JPMA 42: 155, 1992).

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma--clinicopathological pattern.

A study of histopathological and clinical features of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in 495 consecutive cases, diagnosed at AFIP during 1984-1989 is presented. Children below the age of 15 years were not included in this study. The relative frequency of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was 4.29% in our material. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was more frequent than Hodgkin's disease, ratio being 2.44:1. Lymphadenopathy (78.78%), fever (33.08%), weight loss (31.62%) and anemia (30.14%) were the main presenting features. New working formulation was used for morphological characterisation. Follicular lymphoma constituted 8.08% of all cases. Follicular lymphoma was seen only in older age whereas diffuse lymphoma occurred in all age groups. Intermediate and high grade lymphoma represented 73.54% of all NHL. Small lymphocytic lymphoma was common in low grade tumours (13.13%). Extra nodal lymphoma was encountered in a significant proportion (21.22%), gastrointestinal tract being the most frequent site. This study outlines certain interesting features of NHL in Pakistan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The pattern of malignant tumours in northern Pakistan.

A retrospective study of 14,018 malignant tumours from northern Pakistan is presented. The data reflects the pattern of cancer distribution in this region. Among males most common sites are lymphnode, leukemia, skin, prostate, colorectal, bone and stomach and in females breast, skin, ovary, leukemia, gall-bladder, thyroid and bone. The distribution of malignant tumours in various districts of northern Pakistan and different ethnic groups like Pathans, Punjabis and Urdu speaking have also been outlined. Age standardized cancer ratio (ASCAR) was calculated to compare the data from the neighbouring countries of the region. Prostatic cancer in males and gall-bladder carcinoma in females is more frequent in our material as compared to other countries of the region. Comparison of the pattern of malignant tumours in North and South has also been highlighted.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Yet another cause of chronic viral hepatitis?

The clinical features, course and histology of liver in 20 patients; mostly middle aged to elderly females, closely resembling chronic Non A Non B hepatitis is presented. They presented quite late in their disease and therefore, complications such as variceal bleeds, ascites and encephalopathy were frequent. Our patients were negative for hepatitis B and C virus serology. Metabolic and immune causes of chronic liver disease were also ruled out. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind elaborating the clinical features, course and histology of liver in chronic Non B Non C hepatitis and raises a number of questions as to the nature of the infecting virus and the epidemiology of disease.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1991

Toxoplasmic lymphadenitis--a clinicopathological study.

Forty-three cases of toxoplasmic lymphadenitis were studied. They constituted 0.5% of all lymph node biopsies and 4.2% of reactive lymphadenitis. The histological findings supporting a diagnosis of toxoplasmosis were correlated with serological studies. The condition primarily affects young men, causing cervical lymph node enlargement and varying degrees of fatigue, malaise, cough and fever. It is usually self-limited. This study emphasizes the need for clinicians to consider toxoplasmosis in the differential diagnosis of lymphadenopathies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis. A clinicopathological study.

Seven cases of Histiocytic necrotizing Lymphadenitis (HNL) were studied. They constituted 0.56% of all lymph nodes biopsies. The condition primarily affects young women causing cervical lymph node enlargement and leukopenia. The basic lesion is characterized by proliferation of lymphocytes and histiocytes with nuclear debris in the para cortex and cortex. This study examined various bacterial, viral and immunological factors which could possibly be responsible for this condition. However, it failed to find positive association with any of them. The existence of this disease in Pakistan is documented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Urine level of trace elements in some adults in Bangladesh under a workplace environment.

The urine level of trace elements has been investigated in some normal adults under different workplace environments in Bangladesh. The samples were collected from 58 subjects, randomly selected from about 500 adults working in 10 different workshops and factories located in Dhaka city. Samples were analyzed by the external beam PIXE method. Proton beams of 2.5 MeV energy and 20 nA intensity were used for sample irradiations. For 40 microC irradiations, the concentration of 14 elements in total (K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Br, Rb, Sr and Mo) in different groups were measured by comparison with a calibration curve obtained from the NBS Orchard Leaf standard (SRM 1571). The results from different workplaces are reported in terms of amount of excretion per unit volume of the sample collected. They, however, do not reflect the total daily excretion level of different subject groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Temporary pacing catheter placement in patients requiring continuous external pacing.

Electrocardiographic features of temporary transvenous pacemaker have been discussed and have been used to guide insertion of pacemaker without fluoroscopic aid. The following is a description of the electrocardiographic features of temporary endocardial pacemaker insertion in a patient who is chronically dependent on external temporary transthoracic pacing.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1989

Characteristics of traditional midwives and their beliefs and practices in rural Bangladesh.

This study has analyzed the characteristics, beliefs and practices of midwives in rural Bangladesh. The midwives were mainly above age 30, married or widowed, and illiterate. Most of them learned their midwifery from informal sources such as female relatives or neighbours. Often, during pregnancy, childbirth, and post-partum period, midwives imposed dietary restriction on the mothers. Similarly, devices used in the cutting of the umbilical cord and placenta were not properly sterilized and potentially dangerous substances were applied at the navel after cutting the umbilical cord or placenta. There was a practice of withholding breast-feeding up to 3 days after the birth of a child. However, there were also some beliefs or practices among the midwives that could be regarded as based on scientific understanding such as the practice of cutting the umbilical cord by boiled razor blade or the belief that child death could occur from tetanus caused by the unsterilized device used in the cutting of the umbilical cord.

Bangladesh↗
PubMed1989

Midazolam as intravenous sedative for electrocardioversion.

Of the various agents which have been employed for sedation in patients undergoing electrocardioversion, diazepam has had the most extensive use. However, this agent possesses several disadvantages including pain and venous complications at the site of injection and a lower incidence of amnesia. Midazolam, a benzodiazepine derivative, is being increasingly used in general and local anesthesia as well as for procedures requiring conscious sedation, eg, endoscopy. We used intravenous midazolam for conscious sedation in 12 patients undergoing a total of 17 cardioversions. All of the patients experienced amnesia for the procedure and manifested no significant adverse effects. However, serious respiratory failure may occur when intravenous midazolam is used in patients with COPD, debilitated patients, or when the drug is injected rapidly. The use of midazolam should therefore be confined to areas that are able to deal with cardiorespiratory complications. Using guidelines and precautions described here, we encountered no major complications. We conclude that midazolam offers a safe and effective alternative to other agents for conscious sedation in patients undergoing electrocardioversion.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Californium-252 plasma desorption mass spectrometry of aminoglycoside antibiotics.

This paper presents mass spectral data of eleven aminoglycoside antibiotics by using californium-252 plasma desorption (252Cf PD) mass spectrometry. This mass spectral data could be used to develop a confirmatory method for monitoring aminoglycoside antibiotic residues isolated from food products of animal origin. Mass spectra were determined by applying time-of-flight 252Cf PD mass spectrometry to eleven aminoglycoside antibiotics, namely: neomycin, kanamycin, paromomycin, tobramycin, apramycin, streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin, amikacin, netilmicin, sisomicin and gentamicins. All eleven antibiotics yielded positive ion spectra. These hydrophilic antibiotics were derivitized to extractable chromopheric compounds. All but two antibiotics (streptomycin and dihydrostreptomycin) yielded nitrophenyl derivatives and spectra were obtained in both negative and positive ion modes. Derivatized aminoglycosides produced cation and anion spectra with quasimolecular ions corresponding to [M + H]+., M+, [M - H]-., [M + Na]+, [M + K]+ and M-. or [M - H]- and M-. or [M - H]-. Underivatized antibiotics were best examined in the positive ion mode. 252Cf PD mass spectrometry consistently produced very strong molecular or quasimolecular ions for all aminoglycoside antibiotics.

Aminoglycosides↗