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Biomedical subjects

A H Friedlander

Publications and source records attributed to A H Friedlander.

105 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Dental management of the geriatric patient with major depression.

Major depression is a psychiatric disorder in which mood, thought content, and behavioral patterns are impaired, often for an extended period of time. The condition is encountered among elderly persons admitted to the hospital and those residing in nursing homes. Major depression is predominantly biologic in origin and may arise from dysfunction of the limbic-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. It is associated with personal neglect, including a disinterest in performing appropriate preventive oral hygiene techniques. The majority of antidepressant medications cause xerostomia and magnify the incidence of dental disease. Appropriate dental management of patients with the disorder necessitates the use of anti-caries agents containing fluoride, saliva substitutes, and special precautions when analgesics and local anesthetics are being prescribed or administered. Dental treatment helps to improve the patient's self-image and quality of life.

Aged↗
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Panoramic radiography: the differential diagnosis of carotid artery atheromas.

Cervical carotid artery atherosclerosis, a major cause of stroke (cerebrovascular accident, CVA), commonly occurs in older individuals with a history of hypertension and smoking. These atheromatous plaques, when calcified, may be imaged on conventional panoramic dental radiographs. Dentists caring for "at-risk patients" must be able to identify these lesions and to differentiate them from anatomical and other pathological radiopacities frequently observed in the carotid artery territory. Prompt referral of these individuals to a physician may preclude a stroke.

Arteriosclerosis↗
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Dental management considerations in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Children suffering from attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder frequently have numerous orofacial anomalies of concern to the dentist. Behavioral manifestations of the disorder frequently impair the patient's ability to perform home care adequately, make dental treatment arduous, and place the patient at risk of physical abuse from family and peers. Familiarity with the symptoms and treatment of the disorder will better prepare the dentist to meet the needs of this unique group of patients.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
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Dental management considerations in children who stutter.

Stuttering is one of the most common speech disorders of childhood. It is characterized by involuntary pauses, reiteration and prolongation of sounds and syllables. Oral motor incoordination may make provision of dental treatment arduous. Familiarity with the verbal and nonverbal manifestations of the disorder and with the possible adverse psychosocial implications prepares the dentist best to meet the needs of this unique group of children.

Child↗
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Dental management considerations in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Children suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder frequently manifest bizarre behaviors that contribute to the development of oral pathology. The medications used in management of the disorder can cause profound xerostomia and compound the magnitude of oral disease. An understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of the disorder will better prepare the dentist to meet the needs of this unique group of patients.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dental management of the adolescent with panic disorder.

Panic disorder is a psychiatric disease without obvious cause. It is accompanied by signs of terror, such as chest pain, palpitation, and shortness of breath. One of every 75 Americans is afflicted. Onset occurs most commonly during adolescence. Some infants and children exhibit anxiety-like responses, such as retreat and avoidance, and behavioral restraint when faced with unfamiliar people, objects, and events. Panel disorder has a special relevance for dentistry, because it is frequently associated with mitral valve prolapse. Furthermore, medications used to treat the disorder are associated with detrimental changes in the oral cavity and adverse interactions with dental therapeutic agents. The authors discuss the podromal characteristics of children at risk for panic disorder and the characteristics of the malady recognized by the American Psychiatric Association. Associated medical problems are also presented and discussed. A survey of ninth graders found as many as 12 percent had spontaneous panic attacks. Approximately 20 percent of all adults with the disorder report its onset before age ten. Etiology, medical and dental management are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dental management of the child with developmental dyslexia.

Dyslexia, a biologically determined reading disorder effects an estimated 3 percent to 10 percent of school-age children in the United States. Standard pediatric dental protocols frequently have to be modified because many of these children concurrently suffer attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), asthma, thyroiditis and inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease). Youngsters suffering from dyslexia and ADHD should have their dental appointments scheduled in the morning when they are most attentive and best able to remain seated in the dental chair. An aspirating dental syringe must be used in order to avoid an intravascular injection and the possibility of an adverse interaction between the pressor agents used with local anesthesia and the medication used to treat ADHD. Aspirin, other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents (e.g., ibuprofen) and local anesthetic agents containing vasoconstrictor and preservative (antioxidants, i.e., sulfite) agents should be avoided in children with concurrent asthma because of their propensity to trigger an asthmatic attack. Children with uncontrolled hyperthyroidism should receive only emergency care and this care should be provided in a hospital. Children with hypothyroidism are hyperresponsive to even small dosages of analgesics and anesthetic agents; proper dosing and venue of dental procedures should be a joint decision between the child's dentist and pediatrician. Children with dyslexia and concurrent inflammatory bowel disease may require shorter appointments and nitrous oxide sedation to reduce stress. Those receiving corticosteroids or with a history of steroid therapy within the past year may need supplementation to avoid an adrenal crisis brought about by the stress of dental care.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dental management of child and adolescent patients with schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder in which thought disturbances and aberrant behavior lessen an individual's ability to care for him or herself and to effectively work and communicate with others. The disorder affects 1 percent of the United States population. Onset of the florid psychotic symptoms most commonly occurs during adolescence or young adulthood, but most of these youngsters exhibit unusual behavior and peculiar thinking during childhood. Medications used in managing the disorder have numerous systemic and orofacial adverse side effects that must be recognized by dentists. Dental treatment strategies for the identification and management of these side effects are described as is a method to improve compliance with oral hygiene techniques.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dental management of the child and adolescent with major depression.

Major depression is a psychiatric disorder in which mood, thought content, and behavioral patterns are impaired, often for an extended period of time. This condition appears to have an increasing prevalence among young children and adolescents. It may be associated with a disinterest in performing appropriate preventive oral hygiene techniques, a cariogenic diet, rampant dental decay, and advanced periodontal disease. Appropriate dental management necessitates a vigorous preventive dental education program and special precautions when administering local anesthetics and prescribing sedative and analgesic medications.

Adolescent↗