Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A H Brightman

Publications and source records attributed to A H Brightman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Effect of atropine sulfate on tear production in the cat when used with ketamine hydrochloride and acetylpromazine maleate.

Schirmer I tear tests were done on 10 cats before and during anesthesia induced with ketamine hydrochloride in combination with acetylpromazine maleate, with and without atropine sulfate as a preanesthetic agent. Use of atropine sulfate alone decreased tear production from a mean base-line value of 16.9 +/- 3.7 mm/min to 8.2 +/- 4.9 mm/min, 10 minutes after its subcutaneous administration. Tear production continued to decrease from 8.2 +/- 4.9 mm/min to a mean of 2.3 +/- 2.5 mm/min at 30 minutes after the administration of the ketamine hydrochloride and acetylpromazine maleate combination.

Acepromazine↗
PubMed1983

Pathogenic bacteria and fungi associated with extraocular disease in the horse.

In 123 cases of external ocular disease in the horse, pathogenic microorganisms isolated with greatest frequency were Streptococcus sp (43.9%), Staphylococcus sp (24.2%), and Pseudomonas sp (13.8%). Fungi were isolated in 4.8% of the cases. In vitro testing showed that most of the Streptococcus sp isolants were sensitive to ampicillin, cephalothin, and carbenicillin. Most of the Staphylococcus sp isolants were sensitive to gentamicin, cephalothin, and bacitracin. Most of the Pseudomonas sp isolants were sensitive to polymyxin B and gentamicin.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Decreased tear production associated with general anesthesia in the horse.

Schirmer I tear tests were conducted on 14 horses. The test was performed before and after IV administration of xylazine hydrochloride, during maintenance anesthesia with halothane in oxygen, and 3 hours after discontinuation of anesthesia. Xylazine hydrochloride did not decrease tear production from the mean base-line value of 23.94 +/- 5.23 mm/min after its IV administration. Tear production was decreased to mean values of 15.57 +/- 4.29 mm/min at 30 minutes and 13.84 +/- 4.25 mm/min at 60 minutes during the maintenance of halothane anesthesia. Three hours after anesthesia was discontinued, tear production returned to a mean value of 22.58 +/- 4.12 mm/min.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1983

Ciliary body temperatures during cyclocryotherapy in the clinically normal dog.

Three cryosurgical units were compared on the basis of the ability of each unit to freeze the ciliary body of enucleated normal canine eyes. The coldest average temperatures reached were -13.4 C, -4.3 C, and -17.6 C. One of the units was then used to freeze the ciliary body in the left eye of 25 dogs for 5 minutes. Ciliary body temperatures were monitored every 15 s during cyclocryosurgery. In 18 eyes in situ, the coldest average temperature reached was -13.4 C. In 7 proptosed globes, the coldest average temperature reached was -13.8 C. The results were not significantly different (P less than 0.05). The effects of the cryosurgery and centesis procedure were monitored daily by direct observation and Schiotz's tonometry. Histologic changes from the procedure were evaluated at 5 minutes, 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months after surgery. Intraocular pressure returned to the normal range within 1 to 2 weeks, the anterior uveitis subsided in 7 to 10 days, and ciliary body epithelium was histologically normal within 6 months after surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effects of cyclocryosurgery on the clinically normal canine eye.

Four cyclocryosurgical procedures were compared for effects on normal canine eyes. All procedures produced a significant (P less than 0.05) decrease in intraocular pressure, a marked uveitis, ciliary epithelial cell loss, edema and engorgement of the ciliary processes, iris necrosis, protein effusion, chemosis, and mild discomfort, as indicated by mild blepharospasm and slight epiphora. The histopathologic changes were evaluated at 5 minutes, 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months after surgery. The ciliary epithelium was normal in appearance and intraocular pressure had returned to the normal range at 6 months after surgery. The adverse reactions to the cyclocryosurgical procedures included retinal detachments, chemosis, conjunctivitis, transient increased intraocular pressure, uveitis, iris depigmentation, and corneal granulation tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Effect of aspirin on aqueous protein values in the dog.

Aqueous protein concentration, degree of miosis, and intraocular pressure were evaluated in dogs given aspirin, then subjected to aqueous paracentesis and reverse cyclodialysis. Compared with control dogs, the dogs given aspirin had less aqueous protein, but there was no difference in miosis or in intraocular pressure. The practical application of this finding is that aspirin given prior to intraocular surgery may be of value in minimizing the postoperative increase in aqueous protein content.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Decreased tear production associated with general anesthesia in the dog.

Schirmer I tear tests were done on 20 dogs before and during general anesthesia. Atropine sulfate reduced tear production from a mean base-line value of 20.35 +/- 3.33 mm/minute to 14.10 +/- 6.13 mm/minute, 10 minutes after its subcutaneous administration. The combination of subcutaneous atropine, intravenous thiamylal sodium, and inhalation anesthesia reduced tear production to a mean value of 0.53 +/- 1.12 mm/minute at 60 minutes after induction.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: a review.

The economic impact of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) warrants continued investigation of the mechanisms by which Moraxella bovis survives on and colonizes the corneal surface. Virulent strains of M bovis produce hemolysin and exhibit different plasmid profiles than nonvirulent strains. Interactions among host, environment, vector, season, and concurrent infection influence the prevalence of IBK. Mycoplasma sp. or infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus may enhance or hasten the disease process. The manifestations of IBK may range from mild conjunctivitis to severe ulceration, corneal perforation, and blindness. Treatment of IBK is dictated by economic considerations, intended animal use, and feasibility of administration. Antibiotic therapy is aimed at achieving drug concentrations in tears to meet or exceed the minimum inhibitory concentration for prolonged periods. At present, IBK is not a preventable disease. Affected animals must be separated from the herd and vector control vigorously instituted. Carrier animals must be identified and removed from the herd. Vaccination trials have been unsuccessful because of pili antigen cross-reactivity, variable strains, and uncontrolled environmental factors. Recent investigations have determined that M bovis may utilize host iron sources via iron-repressible outer membrane proteins and siderophores for growth. Elucidation of normal defense mechanisms of the bovine eye may lead to new strategies to enhance the immune response against M bovis.

Animals↗