Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A H Andrews

Publications and source records attributed to A H Andrews.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Control of fatty liver syndrome in a Jersey herd by a change of diet and the use of recombinant bovine somatotrophin.

A Jersey herd was investigated following a decrease in milk yields. The cattle were permanently housed and fed a complete diet in four groups on the basis of yield. They were generally healthy, but the dry cows and many of the milking cows were over fat. The plasma concentrations of beta-hydroxybutyrate and glucose were normal, but the activities of aspartate aminotransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase and the concentration of non-esterified fatty acids were high. Fatty liver syndrome was diagnosed. All the dry cows were condition scored and placed into one of three dietary groups according to their score. They were exercised in an outdoor paddock and entered the pre-calving feeding group at least two weeks before calving; 75 per cent of them achieved a condition score of less than 3, and most of them produced normal milk yields. Thirty cows which had developed signs of fatty liver syndrome were paired and one of each pair received an injection of 640 mg of recombinant bovine somatotrophin. The yield of the treated cows was significantly higher (P < 0.05) for the first two weeks after the injection. The treated cows had higher plasma concentrations of beta-hydroxybutyrate and non-esterified fatty acids and lower plasma urea concentrations seven days after the injection. No other biochemical parameters were affected.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1997

Suspected nutritional deficiency causing anaemia in llamas (Lama glama).

A case of poor condition and recumbency in a 14-month-old female llama and a case of poor condition and ataxia in a 23-month-old male llama are described. Both animals were anaemic and had low plasma copper levels. An increased intake of feed with a higher copper level and treatment with copper injections and an oral mineral solution resulted in a successful recovery. Two other young llamas also had low plasma copper levels. The problem was probably due to a nutritional, particularly copper, deficiency and the animals recovered as their copper levels increased.

Anemia↗
PubMed1993

Efficacy of recombinant bovine somatotrophin in the treatment of fat cow syndrome.

Recombinant bovine somatotrophin was used in addition to conventional therapy to treat a sample of post-calving cows in a herd suffering a high incidence of fat cow syndrome. Somatotrophin was also given to cows before they calved. There were no significant differences between the treated and untreated groups in the plasma concentrations of glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate, albumin, total protein or calcium. Significant decreases in mean plasma urea concentration were observed in the pre-calving cows seven and 10 days after treatment with somatotrophin, and a significant decrease in mean plasma urea concentration was also recorded in post-calving cows with the fat cow syndrome. There was no evidence that somatotrophin, with its many potent actions in cows with acetonemia, exacerbated clinical ketosis. The authors' subjective clinical impression was that somatotrophin was helpful in the treatment of cows with the fat cow syndrome.

3-Hydroxybutyric Acid↗
PubMed1991

Treatment and control of an outbreak of fat cow syndrome in a large dairy herd.

An outbreak of fat cow syndrome occurred in a herd of 300 Friesian and Friesian/Holstein dairy cows calving predominantly between January and May. The herd came in off grass in good condition despite a long and hot summer. The dry cows received a diet of grass silage, brewing waste and minerals until the end of December, but the grass silage was butyric and was partially replaced by maize silage. By January 23, 16 of 70 calving cows (23 per cent) had appeared to suffer milk fever. Subsequent blood tests revealed that the cows may have been ketotic, and clinical and post mortem examination showed that they were probably suffering from fat cow syndrome. The freshly calved sick cows were treated with glucose, and corticosteroids were injected every second day into those which remained ill. The cattle had received a high energy diet, but the cows still to calve were placed on a diet of low metabolisable energy (77 MJ/cow) but adequate levels of undegradable protein. The problem was associated with a possible clostridial infection in two cows and with reduced fertility.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1991

Long-acting antibiotic formulations in the treatment of calf pneumonia: a comparative study of tilmicosin and oxytetracycline.

The treatment of an outbreak of acute pneumonia in 50 four- to eight-month-old Friesian and Friesian cross calves is described. At the first visit (day 0) 16 calves received 20 mg/kg bodyweight of oxytetracycline dihydrate intramuscularly and 15 received 10 mg/kg of the macrolide tilmicosin subcutaneously. The remaining 19 in-contact animals were not considered ill enough to be included in the trial and received 20 mg/kg of oxytetracycline dihydrate. The rectal temperature, demeanour, respiratory rate and respiratory effort of each calf was assessed on days 1, 2, 3, 9, 14, 21 and 28, and calves which had not responded were given repeat injections of the same antibiotic. All the calves recovered from the outbreak and of the 19 calves treated strategically, three required a second injection. Among the calves with clinical pneumonia, fewer treatments (P less than 0.01) were required by those treated with tilmicosin. The rectal temperatures of both groups decreased (P less than 0.05) after the first injection, but on day 3 the decrease was greater (P less than 0.05) in the group treated with tilmicosin. Respiratory rates varied widely but respiratory effort was less (P less than 0.05) on day 2 in the calves treated with tilmicosin. When long-acting antibiotic injections are used to treat enzootic pneumonia it is suggested that a second visit should be made on day 3 to assess the animals' response to treatment.

Acute Disease↗