Fatal agranulocytosis in sulfasalazine treated rheumatoid arthritis.
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Agranulocytosis↗
Biomedical subjects
A Guerci
Publications and source records attributed to A Guerci.
[Example of a bias linked to the misunderstanding of the forms of a variable].
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Bias↗
Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content differences in blood samples obtained by leucoconcentration.
The leucoconcentration technique allows rapid obtainment of cellular suspensions from total blood or bone marrow for flow cytometric analysis. The technique is based on picric acid in ethyl alcohol fixation and saponin red cell lysis, followed by mithramycin staining for DNA. It gives a good resolution of DNA distributions that allow detection of slight variations in DNA content. These results were obtained with cellular suspensions differing only in one X or Y chromosome (male, female, Klinefelter and Turner syndromes). In these studies the ratio of the DNA content of X and Y chromosomes agrees with the chromosomal mass ratio already reported by other authors, but the "absolute values" are 10-fold more compared to these same works. Our conclusion is that leucoconcentration technique followed by DNA staining with mithramycin increases the difference in the dye's penetration and binding between X and Y chromosomes.
DNA↗
[Flux cytometry of the cellular cycle of leukemic cells of the blood].
The coordination of flux cytometry and of a techniques of leukoconcentration allowed to determine the cellular cycle of nucleated cells of circulating blood, without logs nor enrichment of cellular type on a definitive moment. The study of acute leukemias allow to conclude that: 1) it exists in peripheral blood a synthetic activity of ADN bound to the presence of leukemic or blastic cells; 2) this activity allows to appreciate the spontaneous variations of synthesis and the incidence of chemotherapy.
Adult↗
Technique and staining optimization leucoconcentration.
In cytometric clinical application, it is important to obtain cell suspensions rapidly with as little cytological alteration as possible. A procedure has been achieved to prepare cell suspensions for flow cytometric analysis. The leucoconcentration technique, first described by Herbeuval for cytologic analysis, has been modified to be applied in cytometry. This technique involves Saponin lysis of red cells of peripheral blood or bone marrow samples that have been previously fixed with picric acid alcohol solution. Cells in suspension are not shifted and tinctorial affinity is not modified. Then cells have been stained with Mithramycin. Each parameter defined by Crissman has been analyzed to define the best staining conditions. The availability of Leucoconcentration with Mithramycin-DNA-staining permits determination of cell cycle with a fine resolution.
Bone Marrow Cells↗
Schwann cell marker defined by a monoclonal antibody (224-58) with species cross-reactivity. I. Cellular localization.
We have demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence the cellular localization of a monoclonal antibody (mAb 224-58), produced after immunization of a mouse with human central nervous system (CNS) myelin. Serologically, mAb 224-58 was found to be specific for 3'-sulfomonogalactosylglycolipids, namely 3'-sulfogalactosylceramide (SGC) and 3'-sulfogalactosyl 1-O-alkyl ether 2-O-acylglycerol (seminolipid). This mAb did not bind to SGC-containing tissues such as kidney, liver, spleen, or brain, nor to muscle. However mAb 224-58 did stain positively mouse, rat, and human peripheral nerve sections. In these latter sections, mAb 224-58 was bound to Schwann cell bodies and processes. The specificity of mAb 224-58 for Schwann cells was ascertained on teased rat sciatic nerves and rat Schwann cell cultures. Cells positive for mAb 224-58 were also positive for laminin, and negative for Thy 1-1 antigens both in teased fibers and Schwann cell cultures. In addition, in teased nerve preparations, mAb 224-58-positive cells were also galactosylceramide (GalC)- and SGC-positive. Isolated Schwann cells also expressed 224-58 antigen, even after prolonged time in culture. On testis sections, which contain both SGC and seminolipid, the SGC-positive cells, i.e., the spermatogonia, were always 224-58-negative. But the other germinal cells were 224-58-positive. This suggests that although 224-58 does not discriminate between SGC and seminolipid in serological tests, these lipids in their naturally occurring membrane acquire a spatial configuration that renders them distinguishable to their respective antibody.
Animals↗
Schwann cell marker defined by a monoclonal antibody (224-58) with species cross-reactivity. II. Molecular characterization of the epitope.
A monoclonal antibody (mAb) designated 224-58 (IgM-kappa) has been raised by fusion of Sp2/0-Ag14 mouse hybridoma cell line with spleen cells of a mouse immunized with human brain myelin. This mAb binds specifically to mouse, rat, and human Schwann cells membrane. Serological tests showed that mAb 224-58 reacted with total lipid extract, but not with total protein extract of human myelin. Combination of ELISA, complement fixation, and immunoautoradiographic detection on silica gel TLC allowed us to determine that mAb 224-58 reacted with sulfomonogalactolipids, namely 3'-sulfogalactosylceramide (SGC) and 3'-sulfogalactosyl 1-O-alkyl-ether 2-O-acylglycerol (seminolipid). The fine molecular structure of the epitope recognized by mAb 224-58 was established by studying the cross-reactivity of this mAb toward closely related sulfolipids and by comparing its reactivity after submitting either purified sulfolipids or total lipid extracts to various chemical and enzymatic treatments. The lipidic hapten-binding site to mAb 224-58 is dependent on (1) the sulfoester on carbon 3 of the galactose molecule, (2) the osidic bond, and (3) the carbonyl group of the fatty acid. Interestingly enough, neither the amide bond and the long-chain base nor the OH group of the fatty acid belongs to the antigenic determinant recognized by mAb 224-58.
Animals↗
Various uses of the castor oil plant (Ricinus communis L.). A review.
The ancient and modern medicinal uses of the castor bean plant, Ricinus communis L. (Euphorbiaceae), in about fifty countries worldwide, has been surveyed. The different medicinal uses are grouped separately in relation to their pharmacological action, whether real or presumed, within the various medical specialties. The results show an extensive use of this plant throughout the world and the authors suggest that further research should be carried out to determine the active principles present in the various parts of the plant.
Animals↗
Contrasts between intrathoracic pressures during external chest compression and cardiac massage.
Pressures were measured in the right atrium, thoracic aorta, and pleural space during conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and simultaneous ventilation compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (SVC-CPR) in dogs, pigs, and a baboon. During both forms of closed chest resuscitation, the changes in atrial and aortic pressures were virtually identical over a range of 0-90 mm Hg and essentially equaled the change in pleural pressure measured at the most lateral portion of the chest cavity. During internal cardiac massage, there was no consistent relationship between right atrial and aortic pressures. However, even after the chest had been opened, the hemodynamics of external chest compression could be restored by the creation of a closed, air filled cavity surrounding the heart and great vessels. Thus, elevation of intrathoracic pressure, not direct cardiac compression, is essential to and determine circulation of blood during CPR.
Animals↗
[Gas-chromatographic analysis of estrogens and 17-ketosteroids in the urinary excreta of subnormal subjects, as further confirmation of prior studies made to define the neutral age of the child].
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17-Ketosteroids↗
Variations in patient management and outcomes for acute myocardial infarction in the United States and other countries. Results from the GUSTO trial. Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries.
OBJECTIVE: To examine differences in outcomes and patient management between patients in the United States and outside the United States undergoing thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: Patients in the United States (n = 23,105) and 14 other countries (n = 17,916) were randomized to receive streptokinase plus either subcutaneous or intravenous (IV) heparin, accelerated recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) plus IV heparin, or combined streptokinase and rt-PA plus IV heparin. OUTCOME MEASURES: Differences in 30-day mortality and patient management were compared among treatments and between US and non-US patients. Treatment-by-country interactions were assessed by logistic regression analyses. Expected mortality of US and non-US patients was estimated using a predictive model and was compared with observed mortality. RESULTS: Mortality reduction with accelerated rt-PA vs streptokinase was greater in the United States (1.2% absolute decrease vs 0.7% elsewhere), but the test for treatment-by-country interaction against streptokinase was not significant (P = .30). Benefits of accelerated rt-PA over combination therapy were observed in the United States, but not in other countries (P = .02). Despite differences in base-line characteristics and patient management, 30-day mortality was not significantly different: 6.8% in the United States vs 7.2% elsewhere (P = .09). After adjustment for baseline differences, observed vs predicted outcomes were slightly better in the United States (6.8% vs 7.0%) than elsewhere (7.2% vs 7.0%), indicating that enrollment in the United States was a marginally significant predictor of better survival (P = .047). CONCLUSIONS: No significant evidence for a differentially greater benefit of accelerated rt-PA over streptokinase was found in US vs non-US patients. However, increased procedure and treatment use in the United States was associated with only a small decrease in short-term mortality. Long-term follow-up is required to clarify the relationship between survival and the more intensive US management approach.
Aged↗
Depigmenting procedures and drugs employed by melanoderm populations.
The "fashion" of lightening the skin represents a very serious problem because it involves the melanoderm populations, not only in Africa, but in the world, undermining their physical integrity and psychological equilibrium. The diffusion of the skin-whitening practice is much more intense in the areas where there are inter-relations between Blacks and Whites. Among the drugs used, mercury prevails under the form of biioduro salts in aseptic soaps; hydroquinone taken in form of per os pills, and cortisoides. The resource of using traditional skin-bleaching plants seems frequent, but the information we tried to gather from informants has been very scarce.
Africa↗
[Pseudoleukemic hypereosinophilia accompanying metastatic malignant hemangioendothelioma of the heart].
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Aged↗
[1 alpha 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) and malignant hemopathies. Decreased serum levels in acute leukemia: preliminary results].
We used the Amersham radioimmunological method to measure plasma 1 alpha 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol) levels in patients presenting with one of the following diseases: (i) non-acute myelodysplastic syndrome (39 cases); (ii) acute myeloid leukaemia in blastic phase (43 cases) or in complete remission (15 cases) and (iii) acute lymphoid leukaemia in blastic phase (11 cases). All patients had normal metabolic functions. Compared with our standard laboratory values (15-35 pg/ml), the results of these assays were related to the type of pathology or, in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia, to the stage of the disease (p less than 0.001). Moreover, the mean plasma calcitriol values differed according to the type of pathology (p less than 0.003). Patients with acute myeloid leukaemia in blastic phase had a low level of calcitriol as compared with controls (p less than 0.05) and with patients with acute myeloid leukaemia in complete remission (p less than 0.001) whose calcitriol levels were never low. In contrast, there was no significant difference between controls and patients with myelodysplastic syndrome or acute lymphoid leukaemia in blastic phase. This study demonstrates the usefulness of plasma calcitriol assays in malignant blood diseases where low values in certain types of leukaemia would incite to include calcitriol in therapeutic regimens.
Acute Disease↗
[Realization of an assisted system for medical decision and follow-up in hematologic diseases treated with sequential chemotherapy].
The follow-up of patients treated with sequential chemotherapy in internal medicine departments with special interest in haematology imposes a heavy burden on the entire treating staff. The chances of errors, notably in medical prescriptions and care, are not negligible, and these errors result in iatrogenic complications, readmissions and prolonged stays in hospitals. Designing a medical decision and therapeutic follow-up aid system should be time-saving for the staff and ensure good quality and safe prescriptions as well as reliable therapeutic evaluations and better hospital management. The system described here is developed on 4D Macintosh computer which handles a relational data-base. It includes the data-base, i.e. a knowledge-based system devised by the expert clinician containing "declarative" data and deduced rules which represent the expert's reasoning and determine the action to be taken, and the interface between them. The system easily accepts many parameters, thereby enabling medical knowledge and therapeutic attitudes to be updated.
Decision Making, Computer-Assisted↗