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Biomedical subjects

A Gruber

Publications and source records attributed to A Gruber.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The performance of primary and secondary unexplained infertility in an in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer program.

The term "unexplained infertility" is applied to a couple in whom after an elaborate workup no apparent reason for infertility is found. Between August 1985 and May 1987, 435 patients underwent 720 treatment cycles in an in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) unit. Eighty-three of the patients had unexplained infertility as their indication for IVF-ET. Fifty-two (group A) had primary unexplained infertility and 31 (group B) had secondary unexplained infertility. Group A underwent 87 and group B underwent 50 treatment cycles. Forty-six ET were performed in group A and 34 in group B. Clinical pregnancies were achieved in 20 patients of group A (11.5% per treatment cycle) and 13 of group B (26.0%), for a combined rate of 16.8% per cycle. Patients with tubal infertility treated in the program had a pregnancy rate of 18.8% per treatment cycle. The performance of the secondary unexplained infertility group is significantly better than that of the primary unexplained infertility group. However, the overall results with patients with unexplained infertility are similar to those patients treated for tubal infertility.

Embryo Transfer↗
PubMed1987

Osteolytic lesions in idiopathic myelofibrosis.

A case of idiopathic myelofibrosis with the unusual finding of osteolytic lesions is presented. Biopsies from the lesions showed proliferation of fibroblasts, megakaryocytes and myeloid cells.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

Pregnancy with an artificial pacemaker.

Complete heart block in pregnancy is not a common encounter. The first case was reported in 1914 by Nanta and today some 100 cases are documented. Heart block may be congenital or acquired secondary to cardiac surgery, rheumatic heart disease, or infective disorders. Heart block, whether congenital or acquired, rarely creates any special obstetric problems. Today there is an increasing use of cardiac pacemakers in younger people and the first reported obstetric experience with a cardiac pacemaker implanted before pregnancy was by Shouse and Acker. This review will document the course and outcome of all reported pregnancies in women conceiving with an artificial pacemaker, and discuss complications and principles of management. We will also report our experience with a woman suffering from a complete heart block in whom an internal cardiac pacemaker was inserted before pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Conserved sequences and cell-specific DNase I hypersensitive sites upstream from the co-ordinately expressed alpha I- and alpha II-globin genes of Xenopus laevis.

The globin gene family of Xenopus laevis comprises pairs of closely related genes that are arranged in two clusters, each pair of genes being co-ordinately and stage-specifically expressed. To get information on putative regulatory elements, we compared the DNA sequences and the chromatin conformation 5' to the co-ordinately expressed adult alpha-globin genes. Sequence analysis revealed a relatively conserved region from the cap site up to position -289, and further upstream seven distinct boxes of homology, separated by more diverged sequences or deletions/insertions. The homology boxes comprise 22 to 194 base-pairs showing 78 to 95% homology. Analysis of chromatin conformation showed that DNase I preferentially cuts the upstream region of both genes at similar positions, 5' to the T-A-T-A and the C-C-A-A-T boxes, only in chromatin of adult erythroblasts and erythrocytes, where adult globin genes are expressed, but not in chromatin of adult liver cells or larval erythrocytes, where these genes are silent. This suggests that cell- and stage-specific activation of these genes coincides with specific changes in chromatin conformation within the proximal upstream region. No difference was found in the nucleotide sequence within the DNase I hypersensitive region proximal to the adult alpha 1-globin gene in DNA from embryonic cells, in which this gene is inactive, and adult erythrocytes, expressing this gene.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Management of gonadotrophin-induced cycles characterized by a significant discrepancy between oestrogen levels and dominant follicle size.

The incongruity between oestrogen elevation and immature follicles is one of the problems encountered during the induction of ovulation with gonadotrophins. This phenomenon is particularly pertinent in women with polycystic ovarian disease. Our work presents a regimen of treatment that was found helpful in overcoming this problem. It is based on a close ultrasonic assessment of the follicular growth, which also serves as the sole means for the decision of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) administration (mature follicle range is 19-25 mm). Accordingly, the human menopausal gonadotrophin doses were individually adjusted and, if necessary, omitted in an effort to avoid excessive oestrogen elevation at the time of HCG administration. The resultant plateau or decline of oestrogen levels in our series do not interfere with ovulation. Seventeen conceptions occurred after 53 treatment cycles in 19 women.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Controlled trial of thyrotropin releasing hormone in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

A double-blind controlled trial of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) 150 mg IM daily in 30 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is reported. The drug/placebo was administered for 2 months, followed by a 2-month "wash-out". Evaluation of strength, functional ability, and respiratory functions was performed. A temporary increase in the strength of some muscles was detected following the administration of TRH, but no change in functional performance was noted. Neither the patients nor the investigators believed the effects were of any marked clinical significance. The course of the illness was not altered.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Sonographic diagnosis of periappendicular abscess in pregnancy.

The diagnosis of appendicitis in pregnancy is complex because of altered maternal physiology and anatomy, and definitive therapy is often delayed. Ultrasonic screening is important in either diagnosing or excluding many pathologic conditions that complicate pregnancy and present a clinical picture similar to that of appendicitis. Reported here is a case in which a periappendicular abscess due to a perforated appendix was diagnosed by sonographic screening.

Abscess↗
PubMed1985

Placental chorioangiomatosis--a high risk pregnancy.

A case of diffuse chorioangiomatosis leading to fetal hydrops, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy with massive umbilical vein thrombosis and fetal death is described. Although rare, this benign mesenchymatous malformation of the placenta should be kept in mind as a possible cause of neonatal morbidity. Prenatal diagnosis could prevent fetal death.

Adult↗