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Biomedical subjects

A Grimfeld

Publications and source records attributed to A Grimfeld.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Tuberculous mediastinal adenopathy in a child].

One case of mediastinal tuberculous lymph node with fistulae into the esophagus is reported in a 9 years old girl. The first symptom was the appearance of epigastric abdominal pain, with secondary dysphagia. The diagnosis was confirmed by histology after thoracotomy and surgical excision. Esophageal tuberculosis is rare and seems to be secondary to contamination from mediastinal lymph nodes. Treatment is always medical and often requires surgery.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1975

[Obstructive pulmonary syndromes in children with alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency. 3 cases].

During the last six years, the search for a deficiency in alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) was carried out in 106 children aged from 5 months to 14 years, having the obstructive pulmonary syndrome. Nine deficiencies were in this manner detected and phenotyped. These are the observations of three of these children which are reported here. Their age ranged between 4 years and a half for two of them and 8 years for the third one, having asthma. The phenotypes are respectively SS, MZ, and ZZ. Following these observations, the problems brought up by the association in AAT deficiency and the obstructive pulmonary syndrome in children are discussed: clinical symptomatology, interpretation of the basic design, pathogenic signification and possible connections with asthma and therapeutic influence. The functional respiratory disorders noted in these children involved a ventilatory asychronism, an overexpansion, and regional abnormalities of ventilation and perfusion. To answer these still outstanding questions, the need for a systematic prospective study carried out on a wide group of children is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Early functional disorders in 3 children exhibiting an obstructive syndrome and an alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency].

The respiratory function is studied in 3 children, two of which 4 years in age, exhibiting a respiratory obstructive syndrome and an alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. The study of the respiratory function is global and regional. The disorders noted include a ventilatory asynchronism, a distension, regional anomalies of ventilation and perfusion. The ventilatory asynchronism appears to be an early disorder in the course of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. These results have to be related with the development of the elastic fibers during the child's growth.

Child↗
PubMed1975

Renal transplantation and viral infections. II. Results of follow-up studies.

13 renal transplant recipeints were submitted to virological survey over a period of about 10 months following transplantation. They were compared to a group of individuals who underwent no transplantation : 7 patients on chronic hemodialysis and 10 healthy blood donors. The renal transplant recipients, showed rises in titer of antibodies against various viral antigens. Nevertheless, no other viral elimination but that of cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus was detected in them. Renal trnasplant recipients show significantly more often rises in virus antibody titers than the other individuals, when time of survey is taken into account. Some of these rises appeared to be simultaneous. Their mechanism is under debate : analysis of special cases and observation of associated immunohematological abnormalities are strongly suggesting that in some situations, rises in titer of viral antibodies may occur without infection.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Decreased phosphatidyl choline content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a preliminary investigation.

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed on 12 infants who had recovered from neonatal acute respiratory failure and on 12 patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in order to evaluate the concentration of phosphatidyl choline (PC) in BAL fluid. These two groups were similar at birth (mean birth weight: 1,980 and 1,750 g, respectively; mean gestational age: 33.4 and 32.1 weeks respectively). Mechanical ventilation based on oxygen requirement lasted longer in the group with BPD. BAL was performed at the end of the first year of life (at 8.5 and 10.3 months, respectively) and the results were compared to control values (from infants of the same age without neonatal disease). Whereas the protein concentration in BAL fluid was similar in the two groups, a dramatic decrease of the BAL PC was found in BPD: The mean values of BAL-PC over protein ratio were 0.9 in the group without pulmonary sequelae and 0.3 in the group with BPD. These preliminary results suggest an impairment of the pulmonary surfactant metabolism in this chronic lung disease following neonatal acute respiratory failure.

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tracheal dyskinesia (tracheomalacia) in infants and children. Study of 127 cases diagnosed through endoscopic examination (author's transl)].

127 cases of tracheal dyskinesia were seen in infants and children out of which 87 were 1 to 12 months of age. The diagnosis was based on the existence of a collapse reducing the tracheal diameter of more than 50% on endoscopy. Endoscopic examination was performed without general anesthesia. This material represents 5,8% of the patients submitted to this procedure. 85 patients had "primitive" dyskinesia and 42 had major associated abnormalities. Uni or bilateral bronchial dyskinesia was associated in 43% of the cases. The four commonest presenting symptoms were a stridulous or wheezing respiration, recurrent bronchitis, chronic cough, cyanosis. The frequency of associated digestive troubles: gastroesophageal reflux aspiration was noteworthy. Several functional consequences were encountered: hypoxemia, hypercapnia, abnormalities of FRC, increased RL, lowering of dynamic compliance, alterations of perfusion and ventilation on scintiscans. The prognosis was good in primitive cases. Two deaths occurred, in the group with associated abnormalities. The pattern of the patient with primitive dyskinesia and that of the patient with dyskinesia and associated abnormalities are outlined. Some features remarkable in this series of patients are pointed out in a discussion of the pathophysiology of the syndrome. Increased transmural pressure is not a common cause of tracheal dyskinesia and infection as well. The possibility of a temporary intrinsic anomaly of the tracheal wall is suggested. Even if its exact mechanism remains unknown, tracheal dyskinesia is a distinct entity observed in infants and children. It appears as a common cause of recurrent bronchopulmonary disease in the young.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Broncho-pulmonary complications in survivors of esophageal atresia. (author's transl)].

The short term prognosis of the esophageal atresia has been improved by the progress of diagnosis and surgical techniques. The long term prognosis still depends upon the occurrence of bronchopulmonary complications. Having investigated fourteen cases and a review of the literature, the authors studied the cause of these respiratory complication. Two factors seem to play an important role: the gastroesophageal reflux and the tracheomalacia. This has important therapeutical implications: treatment of the gastro-esophageal reflux and long term respiratory kinesitherapy. The authors suggest for these patients a management plan over several years.

Bronchial Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Recurrent respiratory disease and IgA deficiency in infants and children (author's transl)].

Among nearly 1 300 infants and children studied for chronic or recurrent respiratory diseases 36 of them had plasma and/or salivary IgA deficiency. They were 1 to 13 years of age with 20 between 3 to 6 years; 11 had total, lack or traces of salivary IgA, 9 had very low or nul plasma IgA titer and 6 had both. The deficiency was transitory in 10. Associated abnormalities with potential liability for the disease: allergy, gastroesophageal reflux, alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency and other immunologic deficiency were encountered in 26. The often multifactorial pattern of respiratory diseases in pediatrics is emphasized. The pathogenic role of IgA deficiency is discussed. Even though its responsibility is demonstrated, its real magnitude and extent requires further studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hypersensitivity pneumonitis in children. A study of 5 cases (author's transl)].

Five cases of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in children are reported. Four had the pattern of bird breeder's disease and one of aspergillus lung hypersensitivity. All were clearly defined by clinical, radiological, functional and immunologic features. The possible difficulties in diagnosis are emphasized. The disease might be frequently overlooked and its frequency underestimated in children. The diagnostic value of precipitating antibodies is discussed. Although some immunologic studies suggest immune complex mechanisms, recent experimental and clinical data are in favor of a role for cell-mediated immunity. In addition whether or not immunological damage is to occur and result into disease depends not merely upon the characteristics of the antigen exposure. Genetic and/or acquired individual differences in immune reactivity can play a definite role as well. The risk of secondary pulmonary fibrosis and chronic respiratory failure in untreated patients is emphasized. Immunologic and functional tests for identification of the provoking antigen and ceasing of contamination exposure are urgent : they are also useful for monitoring steroid therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pulmonary and systemic vascular abnormalities of the right lung in children].

Three children presenting with vascular abnormalities of the right lungs are reported. Clinical symptoms were not specific. Total lack of perfusion associated with normal ventilation at pulmonary scintiscanning was highly suggestive. Diagnosis was confirmed by pulmonary catheterism and angiography. The congenital or acquired nature of these abnormalities is not established. Development of pulmonary arterial hypertension during follow-up may need pneumonectomy.

Adolescent↗