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Biomedical subjects

A Gorins

Publications and source records attributed to A Gorins.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Causal interactions of estrogens and alcohol in cancer of the breast].

BACKGROUND: The majority of studies and meta-analyses tend to show a very slight increase of risk of beast cancer in post-menopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Such results must however be interpreted in light of biases including intensive follow-up in women taking HRT and unknown or new parameters. DATA: Several publications have demonstrated an increased relative risk of breast cancer in women consuming alcohol. This increase rises linearly with the level of alcohol intake. To date, this parameter has been neglected in post-menopausal women taking HRT. Two studies have demonstrated a rise in breast cancer in women taking HRT who drink alcohol. No particular explanation is put forward. INTERPRETATION: Based on an experimental human study, E. Ginsburg has shown that there is a considerable and long-duration increase in estradiolemia in women on HRT who also drink alcohol. This hyperestradiolemia could exceed the promotion threshold of breast carcinogenesis. This new parameter must be taken into consideration as effective preventive measures can be implemented: convincing women taking HRT to limit their alcohol intake.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed2000

[Retrospective multivariate analysis of radio-pathological correlations of nonpalpable breast lesions. Experience of the Hospital Saint-Louis].

PURPOSE: Several studies have demonstrated that systematic breast cancer screening increases overall survival. We report our experience regarding diagnosis of breast lesions detected using mammography. METHODS: Case reports of patients operated on in either 1992 or 1993 were retrospectively reviewed. A multivariate analysis of the clinico-pathological correlation was performed. RESULTS: Four hundred fifty seven patients representing on total 544 procedures, were included in the study. Mean age was 50.5 years (range 19-80 years). Most of the patients had no previous history of mammary lesion. Mammography was performed with prophylactic intent in more than 60% of the cases. Four hundred twelve (75.7%) benign lesions were diagnosed. Main lesions were: adenofibroma (15.7%), fibrocystic mastopathy (66.3%), adenosis (26.2%), ductal hyperplasia (23.9%), lobular hyperplasia (10.7%), and combined ductal and lobular hyperplasia (8.5%). Hyperplasia accompanied by cytonuclear atypia was observed in 49 (11%) cases. One hundred thirty two (24.3%) malignant lesions were reported, including 69 (52.3%) invasive carcinomas and 63 (47.7%) in situ carcinomas. Only nine axillary lymph node dissections were positive and 75 minimal breast cancers were diagnosed. The multivariate analysis showed that only radiological signs are a risk factor for cancer. The relative risk for cancer when focus of irregular and vermicular microcalcifications are diagnosed is 4.2 (2.0-8.5). It is 5.6 (2.5-12.5) in case of spiculated opacity. CONCLUSION: Exeresis following radiological prophylactic screening allows diagnosis of high-risk benign lesions and low-stage breast cancer. Radiological parameters are the most powerful predictive factors for malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Taxanes in the treatment of breast and ovarian cancers: current indications and results].

Since the last years, taxanes are among the most active molecules in the treatment of advanced breast and ovarian cancers. Concerning the ovarian cancer, Paclitaxel in association with Cisplatinum is about to become the first line reference protocol. Studies are going on in order to define the association and the optimal way of administration. Concerning breast cancer, Docetaxel seems to provide the most interesting response rates after failures of anthracyclines. In France, randomised studies in adjuvant situation have started with this molecule.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗
PubMed1996

[Breast cancer during pregnancy. Epidemiology--diagnosis--prognosis].

The association "breast cancer and pregnancy" is rare. The hypervascularisation of the pregnant breast, the role of hormones, the immunological factors have been incriminated. The rate of diagnosis is often too late because of the changes in the pregnant breast. Among the investigations, besides mammogram, the interest of ultrasound examination especially cyto-punction is underlined. Prognosis appears more severe because the delay in diagnosis and the young age of patients. However that is true for N+ patterns, and not for N- cases. We detail the experience of the Centre des Maladies du Sein de l'Hôpital Saint-Louis which concerns 15 cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Quality of life.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

[Effects of progesterone and progestational hormones on the mammary gland].

The growth of the mammary gland during the active genital period depends on a delicate balance between the action of the two major female sex steroid hormones, estradiol and progesterone. The regulation of growth and maturation of the gland primarily depends on the combined action of estradiol and progesterone. Breast epithelial proliferation is maximal during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. While estrogen appears to be the major impetus to the proliferation of mammary cells, the effect of progestin is subject to debate. Progestins have either a positive, modest or no growth effect or may even inhibit growth. Progestins could stimulate the development of malignant cells in contrast to normal or non-malignant cells. It is difficult to extrapolate in vitro results to the human breast. There is presently no direct evidence that progestins regulate the concentration of estrogen receptors (ER) in normal breasts. Furthermore, it is possible that each type of progestin may have different effects. Most studies suggest that progestins are effective in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome and benign breast disease. The therapeutic basis for the use of progestins is the suppression of pituitary-ovarian function the reduction of the effect of estrogen on breast tissues. Whether progestins give protection against breast cancer is less clear. If they do, the mechanism is not the same as that of the endometrium [down-regulation of ER, increase of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity (E2DH)]. High doses of oral synthetic progestins are effective in the treatment of breast cancer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Breast↗
PubMed1994

[2d and 3d line hormonal therapy in postmenopausal metastatic breast tumor. Comparison of medroxyprogesterone acetate and aminoglutethimide in tamoxifen-resistant patients].

In order to evaluate the effectiveness of second and third line hormone therapy for postmenopausal (spontaneous or surgical) women with metastatic tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer, 293 women aged 36 to 91 (mean 63.6) were divided into two groups submitted to a multicenter study of two treatment schedules: a) Aminoglutethimide (AG; 500 mg daily plus hydrocortisone 40 mg daily); b) Medroxyprogesterone (MPA; 1,000 mg daily per os). Of the 293 patients receiving second line hormone therapy, only 161 were available for third line treatment. In phase 1, 153 patients were treated with AG: 36% had objective responses (complete or partial); of 140 patient receiving MPA, 33% had objective responses (p = 0.045, significant). In the AG-treated group, duration of response was 11.3 +/- 8.4 months as against 8.3 +/- 5.6 months in the MPA group (p = 0.07, significant). In phase 2, 87 women previously treated with MPA received AG, and 74 previously AG-treated patients were given MPA. There were no significant differences in the results obtained. In conclusion, there were no significant differences in the results obtained by AG and MPA treatment as far as toxicity and survival was concerned but there was a statistically significant advantage for AG as second and third line management both as to objective responses and mean time until renewed progression of the disease.

Adult↗