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Biomedical subjects

A Gonser

Publications and source records attributed to A Gonser.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Influence of incubation temperature on activity of ligninolytic enzymes in sterile soil by Pleurotus sp. and Dichomitus squalens.

Solid state straw cultures of the white rot fungi Pleurotus sp. and Dichomitus squalens covered with a layer of sterile soil were incubated at 20 degrees C, 25 degrees C, 30 degrees C, and 34 degrees C. The activities of the extracellular enzymes laccase and manganese peroxidase (MnP) in the soil layers were measured over eight weeks. Pleurotus sp. produced high enzyme activity at low temperatures. Laccase was maximum at 25-30 degrees C and manganese peroxidase at 20 degrees C. D. squalens showed uniformly high levels of manganese peroxidase at 20-30 degrees C whereas at 34 degrees C, MnP was low and laccase showed an atypical time pattern. The discrepancy between low activity of the main enzyme, MnP, and high straw decomposition at 34 degrees C by D. squalens warrants further investigation of the enzyme inventory produced at that temperature.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗
PubMed1995

EEG reactivity in the prognosis of severe head injury.

We compared reactivity of EEG to external stimuli--an easily and quickly available measure--with the central conduction time (CCT) of the somatosensory evoked potentials, currently the most-used electrophysiologic method to predict outcome in severe head injury (SHI), and with the initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score. In 50 patients, comatose subsequent to SHI, we measured EEG reactivity and CCT within 48 to 72 hours and compared them with the outcome after 1.5 years. Using discriminant analysis, EEG reactivity correctly classified 92%, CCT classified 82%, and both measures together classified 98% of the patients into globally good or bad outcome groups. GCS allowed a correct classification in only 72% and, combined with either of the two electrophysiologic measures, did not further increase predictability. EEG reactivity is an excellent long-term global outcome predictor in SHI, superior to CCT and GCS. When the two electrophysiologic measures are combined, a prognostic accuracy is achieved that is better than that of any other reported method.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Prognostic value of frontal and parietal somatosensory evoked potentials in severe head injury: a long-term follow-up study.

We have shown that the combined analysis of the frontal and parietal somatosensory evoked response (SEP) improves the global short-term outcome prediction in severe head injury (SHI) after 3-6 months. In the present study the same patients were reexamined 18 months after trauma and the prognostic value of the combined SEP parameters reassessed, in particular their value of predicting the exact Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) class reached (as opposed to a crude good or bad distinction). Frontal (P20/22, N30) and parietal (N20) SEP components were studied in 50 patients within 72 h after the injury and were related to the GOS after 3-6 months and again after 18 months. When both frontal and parietal components were used as predictors, discriminant analysis correctly classified 76% of the patients after 3-6 months and 82% after 18 months. Considering parietal SEP alone, classification was less accurate (74% after 3-6 months, and 68% after 18 months) and misclassifications were more severe. Our results show that (i) a combined analysis of frontal and parietal components of the SEP improves and refines the outcome prediction in SHI, (ii) the predictive power of the combined approach increases with time after trauma, while that of the parietal response alone decreases.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Prognosis, long-term sequelae and occupational reintegration 2-4 years after severe craniocerebral trauma].

122 patients with severe head injuries were assessed in terms of their global outcome and social and vocational reintegration 2 to 4 years after trauma. Some patients were studied with regard to physical, psychological, psychosocial, and cognitive long-term consequences. Less than half of the patients (43%) were found to be without employment handicap, while the remainder showed various degrees of occupational difficulty. Most of the patients had significant long-term problems related to cognitive and psychosocial dysfunction. The cognitive disorder, physical handicap, age, and duration of unconsciousness are all important prognostic factors for vocational reintegration, neuropyschological impairment being the single most important factor.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1991

[Rehabilitation of hemiplegic patients].

The multifactorial aspects of rehabilitation of hemiplegic patients are reported. Medical and neuropsychological aspects as well as the significance of therapies, such as occupational and language training, physiotherapy and recreation therapy, are discussed. The importance of the role of the family, the architectonic aspects, institutional placement, an early start to rehabilitation and the limits are emphasized.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1980

[Attitude of psychiatric personnel on the treatment of patients, psychometrics and results].

UNLABELLED: The therapeutic attitude of psychiatric nurses towards inpatients of a mental hospital was studied. Is there a correlation of nurses' attitude and their view of the patients' behaviour, social attractiveness, and prognosis? Are there differences in the therapeutic attitude in regard to different diagnostic groups? A questionnaire was constructed. Probands were 70 female, 40 male nurses. For every proband there was taken a patient: 70 female, 40 male patients (34 schizophrenics, 15 depressive patients, 15 psychogeriatric patients). The data were evaluated by path analysis and analysis of variance. THE RESULTS: Patients with more social interest and more psychotic symptomatology were rated as more socially attractive. The more pathologic patient's behaviour in the wards was judged the worse was the supposed prognosis. Dysphoric-morose patients and patients with low social attractiveness provoke an authoritarian and controlling attitude. Patients held as social competent stimulate nurses' attitude towards promotion of dependence and autonomy. The lower social competence and the worse prognosis is taken the more the attitude is inclined to protective control and isolation. The therapeutic value of personal humane communication and direct social contacts is taken for less important when patients seem to be socially inattractive and incompetent. We did not find any difference in the nurses' attitude in regard to schizophrenic or depressive patients. Schizophrenic patients did stimulate more intentions towards propagation of independence and autonomic activity than psychogeriatric patients do. Between male and female nurses we did not find any difference in their attitudes to the (same sex) patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dissociation of frontal and parietal components of somatosensory evoked potentials in severe head injury.

Reports on the topography of SEPs in non-comatose patients have drawn attention to a second thalamo-cortical loop connecting the thalamus with the frontal cortex, which has a close anatomical relation to the fronto-limbic structures frequently damaged in severe head injury (SHI). We studied whether the frontal component (P20/22) of the somatosensory evoked response (SEP), known to be due to a generator different from that of the traditionally analysed parietal SEP component (N20), would be differently affected by SHI. Moreover, we examined whether its analysis would improve the prognostic evaluation in the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) after 3-6 months. In 50 patients examined within 72 h after the injury we found a dissociated impairment of frontal and parietal components in 24% of the recorded SEPs. When both frontal and parietal components were used as predictors, discriminant analysis correctly classified 94% of the patients into good (GOS good recovery and moderate disability) or poor (GOS severe disability, persistent vegetative state or death) outcome groups. Classification was less accurate and misclassifications grosser when considering parietal or frontal parameters alone. Our results show that (i) the evaluation of frontal components provides information different from that of the parietal SEPs, confirming the presence of different generators, and (ii) a combined analysis of the two components improves the prognostic evaluation with regard to the global outcome.

Adolescent↗