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Biomedical subjects

A Gomaa

Publications and source records attributed to A Gomaa.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

A selective phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor, rolipram blocks both withdrawal behavioral manifestations, and c-Fos protein expression in morphine dependent mice.

We investigated the effect of rolipram, a selective phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor, on morphine dependence in mice. The withdrawal manifestations were significantly reduced in mice that were treated with rolipram in combination with morphine repeatedly, compared to the mice treated with morphine and saline. Immunohistochemical study of c-Fos protein revealed a significant increase in the protein expression, 1 h after naloxone induced withdrawal manifestations. A combination of rolipram and morphine treatment for 5 days prevented the increase of c-Fos protein expression. Acute rolipram treatment prior to the naloxone challenge had no effect. Repeated treatment with rolipram itself had no effect either on behavior, or on c-Fos protein expression. These results suggest that chronic rolipram treatment in combination with morphine in mice will abolish the development of morphine dependence and the expression of c-Fos protein induced by naloxone challenge.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed2001

The effect of topically applied vasoactive agents and testosterone versus testosterone in the treatment of erectile dysfunction in aged men with low sexual interest.

The objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topically applied cream containing testosterone, isosorbide dinitrate and co-dergocrine mesylate compared to testosterone cream in the treatment of erectile dysfunction in aged men with low sexual interest. A randomised double-blind crossover trial was performed over two months. The subjects were 42 men with erectile dysfunction and low normal or slightly depressed testosterone level randomly allocated to two equal groups. Polypharmacy cream containing testosterone 0.8%, isosorbide dinitrate 0.5% and co-dergocrine mesylate 0.06% was applied for one month, and testosterone 0.8% cream for another month. The serum level of total testosterone was measured before and after each phase of treatment. Response to each therapy was assessed by a sexual questionnaire, measurement of tumescence and repeat penile duplex ultrasonography. Twenty-eight patients reported full erection and satisfactory intercourse with the polypharmacy cream. Thirteen men reported full erection and satisfactory intercourse with either cream. Polypharmacy cream increased penile arterial flow (P<0.001) and induced tumescence in 34 patients in lab. No patient in either phase of the study has tumescence or a significant increase in cavernous arterial peak systolic velocities after the application of testosterone cream. Serum level of total testosterone increased in all patients (P<0.05). Sexual desire was improved in 85% and 62% of patients during the treatment with polypharmacy cream and testosterone cream, respectively. No marked side effects were reported after either of them. Topical treatment with cream containing testosterone and vasoactive agents may represent a new effective treatment for erectile dysfunction associating with aging.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1998

Camptothecin analogues/cisplatin: an effective treatment of advanced bladder cancer in a preclinical in vivo model system.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the camptothecin analogs on human TCC xenograft, both as monotherapy and in combination with cisplatin (CDDP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) xenograft tumor line (DU4184) tested by subrenal capsule assay in 112 nude mice(NM-SRCA). CDDP and the camptothecin analogs irinotecan (CPT-11) and 9-aminocamptothecin(9-AC) were evaluated. RESULTS: Both of the camptothecin analogs showed significant short term tumor inhibition which translated into enhanced survival. Maximal tumor inhibition (>95%) was achieved when either of the camptothecin analogs was combined with CDDP with minimal host toxicity. This translated into 400% increase in median survival. While all controls were dead 39 days following tumor implantation, none of the combination treated animals had died. CONCLUSION: The combination of CDDP with these camptothecin analogs is an effective therapy against this model of advanced TCC. These observations suggest potential clinical value.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Topical treatment of erectile dysfunction: randomised double blind placebo controlled trial of cream containing aminophylline, isosorbide dinitrate, and co-dergocrine mesylate.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effectiveness in treating impotence to topically applied cream containing three vasodilators--aminophylline, isosorbide dinitrate, and co-dergocrine mesylate--which act by different mechanisms. DESIGN: Randomised double blinded placebo controlled crossover trial over two weeks. SUBJECTS: 36 men with erectile dysfunction randomly allocated to two equal groups. INTERVENTIONS: Active cream containing aminophylline 3%, isosorbide dinitrate 0.25%, and co-dergocrine mesylate 0.05% for one week and placebo for another. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patients' reported experience of penile responses and side effects of treatment in questionnaires. Penile tumescence and arterial flow in the laboratory. RESULTS: 21 patients reported full erection and satisfactory intercourse with the active cream. Three men reported full erection and satisfactory intercourse with either cream. The active cream was more effective in psychogenic than organic impotence (eight out of nine men with psychogenic impotence achieved a full erection upsilon four out of eight with neurogenic impotence and two out of seven with arterial insufficiency). No major side effects were reported. In the laboratory the active cream increased penile arterial flow (0.19 (SD 0.08) m/s upsilon 0.02 (0.15) m/s with placebo) and induced tumescence in 24 patients. CONCLUSIONS: Topical treatment with a cream containing three different vasodilators might be considered before intracavernous injection of vasoactive agents, particularly in psychogenic impotence.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1994

Trends in water quality of some wells in Saudi Arabia, 1984-1989.

A survey of the quality of 4255 well samples collected from 1062 wells in the period 1984 through 1988, 388 samples collected in 1989, and 319 tank water samples distributed to houses, has been conducted throughout the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Sampling included seven regions in Saudi Arabia and analyzed for total dissolved salts, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium and faecal coliforms. The data generally showed a progressive improvement in the quality of well samples during the period under investigation. However, there are still a significant number of water samples showing high levels of pollutants. Nitrate levels of > 45 mg l-1 were observed in 8% of the well samples in 1989 and 5% of them showed the presence of both elevated levels of nitrate and faecal coliforms. Five percent of the well samples in 1989 contained high levels of nitrate, ammonium and faecal coliform. It is concluded that human and animal wastes are the primary continuous source of pollution in the well water samples tested.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1989

Plasma lipid peroxides among workers exposed to silica or asbestos dusts.

Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) (an indicator of lipid peroxidation) was determined in random samples of workers (age range 25-60 years) exposed to silica dust (n = 31, mean exposure duration 21.3 +/- 8.3 years) or asbestos dust (n = 59, mean exposure duration 15.6 +/- 4.5 years) and in 52 age-matched healthy male controls. MDA levels of both exposed groups were significantly higher than that of the controls and were significantly higher among workers exposed to asbestos than among those exposed to silica dusts. Neither age nor smoking was related to MDA levels among both controls and exposed workers; among the latter group MDA was not significantly correlated with duration of exposure. Mean MDA levels of exposed workers with radiographic signs of lung fibrosis or pleural thickening and of those without such signs were not significantly different, except in the case of asbestos-exposed workers where it was significantly less than that of those without such signs. Differences between mean durations of dust exposure of workers with radiographic signs of lung fibrosis and those without such signs were statistically insignificant. The results suggest the possible involvement of lipid peroxidation on exposure to silica or asbestos dusts in humans and possible development of antioxidant mechanism(s) on prolonged dust exposure and support the opinion that development of pneumoconiosis depends on susceptibility factor(s).

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗