Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Gold

Publications and source records attributed to A Gold.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Clinical and legal considerations in the diagnosis and management of ocular tumors.

Although some ocular tumors are symptomatic, others can be silent. An examination routine is suggested which could reveal such silent intraocular lesions, and special diagnostic procedures for patients with suspicious intraocular lesions are presented. The legal responsibility of optometrists for the detection of silent and symptomatic ocular tumors is described also, and the standard of care for patients at high risk for tumors is discussed.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

A solid sorbent for crotonaldehyde in air.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether molecular sieves could be used as a solid sorbent for sampling crotonaldehyde vapors. A simple dynamic dilution apparatus generated concentrations of crotonaldehyde vapors which were sampled with molecular sieve sampling tubes and a constant flow sampler. Laboratory sampling demonstrated quantitative trapping and recovery, and stability of stored samples. Although crotonaldehyde break-through times are decreased by water vapor, it has been demonstrated that sub-ppm levels of volatile aldehydes can be determined under field conditions of high humidity. Further work is needed to quantify the maximum allowable sample volume for crotonaldehyde under such field conditions.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1986

Expressed emotion and relapse.

The relatives of 82 patients in a study of first episodes of schizophrenia were interviewed within six weeks of the index admission; 77 patients were subsequently discharged, and were followed to relapse or readmission. Analysis of relapse-free survival time was used to examine whether the components of 'expressed emotion' predicted relapse or response to neuroleptic medication: 'critical comments' by relatives was the only component present often enough to be used and was inversely related to 'social contact'. When preadmission duration of illness, and neuroleptic medication following discharge (identified previously as significant predictors of outcome) were taken into account, neither 'critical comments' nor 'social contact' were related to outcome nor to response to medication. The constellation of factors suggested as pathogenic was present only in a minority of cases: many patients lived alone and of those that were with families, most were not in high face-to-face contact with other members. The failure of the components of 'expressed emotion' to predict outcome or response to neuroleptic medication suggests that at best, such factors are weak predictors of liability to relapse. Their influence is unlikely to be comparable in magnitude to that of neuroleptic medication.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Bacterial mutagenicity of aceanthrylene: a novel cyclopenta-fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon of low molecular weight.

Aceanthrylene, a non-alternant cyclopenta-fused hydrocarbon, was shown to be weakly mutagenic without S9 and strongly mutagenic with S9 in the Ames Salmonella plate incorporation assay. The compound was most active in strain TA100 (35 revertants/nmole in the presence of 0.3 mg of S9 protein), and less active in strains TA98, TA1537 and TA1538 (20, 10 and 3.1 rev/nmole respectively, + S9). Strain TA1535 was unresponsive, suggesting that this compound induces frameshift mutations rather than base-pair substitutions. The mutagenic potency of aceanthrylene is consistent with predictions of its activity based on the relatively large delocalization energy (delta E deloc/beta = 0.931) of the carbonium ion which would result from oxirane ring opening of the 1,2-epoxide, a potential active metabolite.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Mouse skin tumor-initiating activity of benz[e]aceanthrylene and benz[l]aceanthrylene in SENCAR mice.

Benz[e] aceanthrylene (B[e]A) and benz[l] aceanthrylene (B[l]A), cyclopenta-fused derivatives of benz[a]anthracene, have been reported to be active bacterial cell and mammalian cell gene mutagens. In this study they were evaluated as skin tumor initiators in both male and female SENCAR mice. Both polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) induced papilloma formation in the range of 50-1000 nmol/mouse. B[l]A was the most active, being approximately 4 times as active as benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) while B[e]A had activity approximately equivalent to B[a]P. These results are in contrast to those reported for the air pollutant, cyclopenta[cd]pyrene, another cyclopenta-fused PAH, which is a weak mouse skin tumor initiator. We postulate that these cyclopenta-PAHs are formed by pyrosynthetic routes similar to other environmental cyclopenta-PAHs and that they may be of importance as contributors to air pollution carcinogenesis.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1984

Schizophrenic patients discharged from hospital--a follow-up study.

A cohort of 120 patients, comprising all those who met the St Louis criteria for a diagnosis of schizophrenia, discharged from a mental hospital over a five-year period, were followed-up in the community after an interval of five to nine years; 105 were traced and 94 were alive. Of those, 66 were living in UK, out of hospital, and willing to be seen. Their mental states, and social functioning and circumstances were assessed by interview with the patients and those with whom they lived; 18% had recovered to the extent that they had no significant symptoms and appeared to function satisfactorily. More than 50% had definite psychotic features. No patients and few relatives sought a return to hospital care, but severe emotional, social, and financial difficulties were commonplace; 27% of the sample had no contact with medical or social services, a further 14% saw only community nurses, and 24% only their general practitioners. The findings emphasise the limitations of community services in dealing with the chronicity and severity of the impairments resulting from schizophrenic illness.

Family↗
PubMed1983

Benz[j]aceanthrylene: a novel polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with bacterial mutagenic activity.

Initial studies on the mutagenicity and metabolism of a novel cyclopenta-PAH, benz[j]aceanthrylene, are reported in the Salmonella bacterial system. The spectrum of activity of benz[j]aceanthrylene over the 5 Ames tester strains is similar to that of benzo[a]pyrene, and the dose-response curves for strain TA98 are comparable. Like other biologically active PAH, benz[j]aceanthrylene is a frame-shift mutagen requiring metabolic activation. An interesting feature of the S9 dependence of activity is the low concentration (congruent to 10-fold smaller than for benzo[a]pyrene) at which optimal activity is observed. The 1,2-dihydro-1,2-diol (product of metabolism of the cyclopenta-ring) appears to be the predominant metabolite, and implicates the 1,2-oxide as the ultimate mutagenic species.

Methylcholanthrene↗