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Biomedical subjects

A Godlewski

Publications and source records attributed to A Godlewski.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

RNA synthesis in guinea pig peripheral blood lymphocytes and heterophils during sensitization.

The synthesis of RNA in guinea pig leukocytes was investigated during sensitization by the use of tritiated uridine. The increase of the number of RNA-synthetizing heterophils was found in 21st day of sensitization. That was connected with morphological features of heterophils nuclei. Among lymphocytes in 11th day of sensitization the subpopulation of cells intensively synthetizing RNA was observed. The possible role of cells, which synthetize RNA in the process of sensitization is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Effect of hyperthermia on morphology and histochemistry of spinal cord in the rat.

Studies were performed on mature Wistar strain rats, subjected to 43 degrees C environmental temperature for 4 h at a relative air humidity of 60-70%. Spinal cords of rats sacrificed 1, 24, 48, 72 h and one week after hyperthermia served as a material for the studies. Routinely stained preparations (H+E, Nissl) and enzymatic activity of some phosphatases and esterases was estimated as well in sections subjected to Feulgen reaction karyo- and cytophotometric measurements were performed on cell nuclei of anterior horns neurocytes, anterior columns oligodendrocytes and on anterior funicle astrocytes of the spinal cord lumbar segment. The hyperthermia resulted in rat spinal cords in several morphological and histochemical alterations. Signs of diffuse spinal cord lesion of vascular origin were present with degenerative alterations of neurocytes, oligodendroglia proliferation and astroglia hyperplasia. In histoenzymatic studies changes in enzymatic activity of NsE, AChE, ChE, AcP, ATPase and TPPase were noted. They were dependent upon the time which elapsed after hyperthermia. Karyo- and cytophotometric measurements demonstrated cell nuclei oedema in neurocytes, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes associated with a decrease in the relative DNA level and changes in density and concentration of nuclear chromatin. The observed morphological, histoenzymatic and cytophotometric changes were of a reversible type and majority of them vanished within a week after hyperthermia.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1986

Histoenzymatic, karyometric, and DNA cytophotometric studies on rat neuroglia following administration of BCNU (carmustine).

BCNU is a nitrosourea derivative applied in anti-neoplastic therapy. As a result of conversion under in vivo-conditions, products of alkylating properties are formed which derrange DNA metabolism, and products of carbamylating activity which disturb protein metabolism. Studies on BCNU neurotoxicity were performed on 20 adult rats of Wistar strain which were given the compound intraperitoneally, in doses corresponding to those used for tumour treatment in humans. Material for estimating unfavorable effects of the drug on central nervous system involved brains, the sections of which were subjected to histoenzymatic reactions and stained according to FEULGEN for karyometric studies and DNA cytophotometry. Size and shape estimates for nuclei of the cells and their DNA content were obtained using Morphoquant automatic microscopic image analyzer (VEB Carl Zeiss, Jena) and compared to those of neuroglia of control animals, given no drug. Multiple intraperitoneal injections of BCNU induced distinct histoenzymatic, karyometric, and cytophotometric changes in oligodendroglia and astroglia. In oligodendroglia, lowered NsE and AcP activities and augmented TPPase activity were noted while in astroglia decreased activity of the former 2 enzymes was associated with an augmented ATPase activity. In karyometric studies, significant decrease in the size of astroglia and in DNA extinction was noted. No karyometric or cytophotometric alterations were noted in oligodendroglia nuclei. Results of the presented studies may indicate primary injury to vascular walls and secondary damage to neuroglia.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1986

Morphological alterations in blood vessel endothelia of rat brain after administration of CCNU (lomustine).

Studies were performed on adult Wistar strain rats which were given four one-week spaced, intragastric doses of 2.5 mg or (the last dose) 5.0 mg CCNU. The animals were sacrificed one week after the last dose of the cytostatic drug. Cell nuclei of blood vessel endothelia in the parietal cerebral cortex and in the frontal-lateral part of the thalamus were examined. Karyo- and cytophotometric measurements were performed on sections subjected to Feulgen's reaction, using an automatic microscope image analyzer Morphoquant (Carl Zeiss, Jena). In CCNU-administered rats, blood vessel endothelia in the brain exhibited morphological alterations in the form of edema, increased DNA content in cell nuclei, modified distribution and density of chromatin lumps (nuclear chromatin lumps shifted towards the center of cell nucleus in the parietal cortex and in the thalamus, increased density of nuclear chromatin in the thalamus). Morphological alterations, changes in DNA content and in the nuclear chromatin status were of a similar type in blood vessel endothelia in the two examined structures but were somewhat more intense in endothelia of the cortex than in thalamus endothelia.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The morphology and histochemistry of adult rats neurocytes after BCNU administration.

Studies were performed on adult rats of Wistar strain given four 7-days-spaced intraperitoneal doses of BCNU with single dose resembling to used in clinical practice. The animals were sacrificed at the seventh day after the last dose of the drug. Morphological alterations were evaluated in H + E or cresyl violet stained sections. In frozen microtome sections histoenzymatic reactions were performed to detect enzymatic activity of some phosphatases and esterases. Karyo- and cytophotometric measurements of pyramidal cell nuclei in frontal and parietal cortex and of motor neurons in trigeminal nerve nucleus were performed in sections subjected to Feulgen reaction, using automatic microscopic image analyzer "Morphoquant" (VEB Carl Zeiss, Jena). The performed studies showed that administration of multiple therapeutic doses of BCNU lead to primary injury of vascular wall as oedema and proliferation of endothelium and small perivascular haemorrhages. The cytostatic drug induced a decrease in NsE and AlkP enzymatic activities, increased activity of AChE, ChE, AcP and ATPase and topographically variable changes in intensity of TPPase enzymatic reaction. Several karyo- and cytophotometric alterations were observed also in neurocyte cell nuclei which became elongated and acquired a more round shape. This was associated with a decrease in relative DNA content, loosening of nuclear chromatin structure and with shifting chromatin lumps toward periphery of cell nuclei.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1985

Cytochemical studies on the secretory activity of guinea pig heterophils during sensitization.

Guinea pig males immunized with ovalbumin were investigated. Enzymes present in primary and secondary granules were revealed as well as sudanophilia and p.a.S.-positive substances, NBT test, phagocytosis and antigen binding capacity of blood heterophils. It is suggested that sorting out of enzymes and substances found in primary and secondary granules is related to decrease of cytoenzymatic reactions. Mechanisms of secretion of these substances during sensitization is discussed. The hypothesis about secretory and regulatory function of the heterophils is suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Evidence of granule discharge in the bone marrow reserve heterophils after acute anaphylactic shock in the guinea pig.

The heterophils in circulating blood and bone marrow were investigated in sensitized guinea pigs after acute anaphylactic shock (AAS) induced by inhalatory antigen challenge. Using histochemical, ultrastructural and in vitro methods evidence was obtained of a granule discharge from bone marrow reserve heterophils (BMRH). The mean number of primary (Biebrich scarlet positive) granules in BMRH decreased from 91 +/- 23 in the control to 74 +/- 23 after AAS. After AAS about 40% of BMRH and numerous circulating heterophils exhibited in the cytoplasm lucent areas which were surrounded by aggregates of granules. Only about 33% of BMRH were not affected by AAS. The rest of the cells showed different stages of granule aggregation and the lucent areas in the cytoplasm. Bone marrow basophils exhibited an early stage of degranulation. Almost 5% of BMRH ingested basophilic granules after AAS. Neither mortality rates in cytotoxicity tests nor antigen binding capacity were different in the experimental and control groups. It is suggested that the heterophils have a regulatory function during the anaphylactic reaction.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1985

Effect of BCNU, administered to pregnant female rats, on morphology and histochemistry of brain neurocytes in the progeny.

For evaluation of neurotoxicity of 1,3-bis[2-chloroethyl]-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) effects of the compound were examined on histoenzymatic activity of some phosphatases and esterases and on karyometry and DNA cytophotometry in brain neurocytes of the progeny of mothers who had been given the drug during pregnancy. The studies were performed on young, 14 and 28 days old rats of Wistar strain originating from mothers given intraperitoneal BCNU injections on the 12th and 18th day of pregnancy. Material of the studies included neurocytes of frontal cortex, parietal cortex and of trigeminal nerve nucleus in which enzymatic activities of some phosphatases and esterases were estimated and which were subjected to karyometric and DNA cytophotometric measurements, using Morphoquant automated microscopic image analyzer (VEB Carl Zeiss, Jena). The experiments documented decreased nonspecific esterase and ATPase activities and increased activities of acetylcholinesterase, cholinesterase, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase in neurocytes of experimental animals, as compared to control animals of the corresponding age. The changes were noted both in 14 and 28 days old animals. Changes in thiamine pyrophosphate phosphohydrolase (TTPase) enzymatic activity were of different type in dependence upon age of the animals (increased activity in 28 days old rats, decreased activity in 14 days old rats). In animals subjected to BCNU action in fetal life several karyo- and cytophotometric changes were noted also: circumference and area of cell nuclei cross-sections were decreased, cell nuclei became more round, relative DNA content of cell nuclei increased with parallel increases in compactness and concentration of nuclear chromatin. Karyometric changes showed similar character in both age groups while changes in DNA cytophotometry were more evident in 14 days old rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Cytophotometry of nucleic acids and morphometry of motor neurons and oligodendroglia in the spinal cord of rats treated with CCNU (lomustine).

CCNU, a nitrosourea derivative, is a potent agent used in cancer chemotherapy and effective also in therapy of brain tumors. This cytostatic is considered to be free of neurotoxic effects. To establish the influence of CCNU on the central nervous system, the drug was administered in oil suspension, intragastrically, to adult rats. The animals received four doses of the drug in 7 days intervals, including three doses of 2.5 mg and the fourth of 5.0 mg. On the 7th day after the last dose experimental rats were sacrificed, their spinal cord removed, fixed in Baker's solution and embedded in paraffin. The sections were stained according to Einarson and subjected to Feulgen reaction for morphometric, karyometric and cytophotometric studies. The measurements of motor neurons and oligodendroglia from anterior horns of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spinal cord were performed with scanning microscope "Morphoquant" coupled to the KSR 4100 computer. CCNU administration lead to morphometric, karyometric and cytophotometric changes in examined cells. The karyometric and cytophotometric changes were statistically significant and more extensive than morphometric changes which were insignificant. Furthermore, CCNU caused a statistically significant decrease of DNA content in motor neurons and oligodendrocytes in all examined parts of the spinal cord.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The distinction of the white pulp from the red pulp in guinea pig spleen by the use of sequential histoenzymatic methods.

Using the sequential method for revealing of NADH-cytochrome c reductase and other enzymes (acid and alkaline phosphatases, non-specific esterase, peroxidase) or cationic proteins in the same section, the distinct borders between white and red pulp of the guinea pig spleen were delineated. The sequential method enables not only these areas of the spleen to be clearly distinguished, but also the migration of granulocytes from the red to the white pulp. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of spleen function.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMed1983

Karyometry and cytophotometry of oligodendroglial DNA in the corpus callosum of rats treated with vicristine during the second part of foetal life.

The effect of transplacentally administered vincristinee on postnatal developmental events occurring in the oligodendroglial cell nuclei of the corpus callosum were studied by means of an automatic analyzer of microscopic pictures "Morphoquant" (VEB Carl Zeiss Jena, GDR). Karyometric and cytophotometrically determined developmental changes of the DNA content were studied in both, the vincristine treated and control rats aged 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. vincristine was administered to pregnant rats four times during the second term of gestation, the single dose containing 0.01 mg of Vincristin per kg of body weight. In the Vincristin treated animals we have found an advanced developmental increase of the perimeter, the surface and convexion areas of oligodendroglial cell nuclei as well as statistically significant differences of parameters characterizing the nuclear shape. In comparison with control animals, the intoxicated ones demonstrated a higher DNA content in oligodendroglial cell nuclei both during the premyelinating (7 days postnatal) and during the early stage of myelination (14 and 21 days postnatal).

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Karyometric studies and quantitation of the DNA content in nerve and oligodendroglial cells after intraperitoneal administration of Vincristine.

Karyometric and cytophotometric investigations were conducted on nuclei of nerve cells of the Gyrus cinguli and on oligodendroglial nuclei of the corpus callosum following a 12-fold intraperitoneal injection of Vincristine into Wistar rats. The results of our investigations have shown a distinctly decreased content of DNA in neuronal nuclei of experimental rats along with a slightly increased content of DNA in glial cells. It is assumed that intraperitoneal administration of Vincristine does not inhibit the replication of DNA by oligodendroglial cells and that the observed reduction of DNA in neurocytes is the result of a disturbed turnover of DNA that is due to some damage of cytoplasmatic structures (rough endoplasmatic reticulum and microtubules) induced by the applied cytostatic compound.

Animals↗