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Biomedical subjects

A Gnanapragasam

Publications and source records attributed to A Gnanapragasam.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Adriamycin induced myocardial failure in rats: protective role of Centella asiatica.

Generation of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in adriamycin induced cardiotoxicity. Mitochondrial dysfunction is characterized by the accumulation of oxidized lipids, proteins and DNA, leading to disorganization of mitochondrial structure and systolic failure. The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Centella asiatica on the mitochondrial enzymes; mitochondrial antioxidant status in adriamycin induced myocardial injury. Adriamycin (2.5 mg/kg body wt., i.p.) induced mitochondrial damage in rats was assessed in terms of decreased activities (p<0.05) of cardiac marker enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, amino transferases), TCA cycle enzymes (isocitrate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, respiratory marker enzymes (NADH-dehydrogenase, cytochrome-C-oxidase), mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes (GPx, GSH, SOD,CAT) and increased (p<0.05) level of lipid peroxidation. Mitochondrial damage was confirmed by transmission electron microscopic examination. Pre-co-treatment with aqueous extract of Centella asiatica (200 mg/kg body wt, oral) effectively counteracted the alterations in mitochondrial enzymes and mitochondrial defense system. In addition, transmission electron microscopy study confirms the restoration of cellular normalcy and accredits the cytoprotective role of Centella asiatica against adriamycin induced myocardial injury. Our results demonstrated elevated oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in adriamycin treated rats. Moreover, on the basis of our findings it may be concluded that the aqueous extract of C. asiatica not only possesses antioxidant properties but it may also reduce the extent of mitochondrial damage.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Protective effect of Centella asiatica on antioxidant tissue defense system against adriamycin induced cardiomyopathy in rats.

Increased oxidative stress and antioxidant deficit have been suggested to play a major role in adriamycin induced cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure due to multiple treatments with adriamycin. In this study the cardio protective effect of Centella asiatica on myocardial marker enzymes and antioxidant enzymes in adriamycin induced cardiomyopathy was investigated in rats. The rats administered with adriamycin (2.5 mg/kg body wt, i.p) caused myocardial damage that was manifested by the elevation of serum marker (LDH, CPK, GOT and GPT) enzymes and showed significant changes in the antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx, GST). Pre-co-treatment with Centella asiatica(200 mg/kg of body wt/oral) extract significantly prevented these alterations and restored the enzyme activities to near normal levels. These findings demonstrate the cardio protective effect of Centella asiatica on antioxidant tissue defense system during adriamycin induced cardiac damage in rats.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

Intralesional steroids in conservative management of subglottic stenosis of the larynx.

Subglottic stenosis after prolonged endotracheal intubation is a well recognised complication, especially with the advent of intensive resuscitative techniques. Although prevention is the best cure, once the management has been established it should be conservative in the first instance, especially in the case of children. The successful treatment of four cases with this complication is reported. The treatment consisted of intralesional injection of Triamcinolone Acetonide Aqueous Suspension (Kenacort A), dilatation with gum elastic bougies, bronchoscopy and very limited surgical correction in one case. A brief reference is made to the etiological factors and to the mechanism of action of steroids in scar tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Topical cocaine/adrenaline combination in intransal surgery--is it necessary?

Topic adrenaline with cocaine has been used commonly for intranasal vasoconstriction to facilitate surgery and to control haemorrhage. Pharmacologically the drug combination is known to be a potentially dangerous interaction. This investigation studied whether either drug could be used separately rather than in combination, to achieve the same purposes. One hundred cases were randomized into four groups using 1:1000 Adrenaline, 5% Cocaine, 10% Cocaine and 5% Cocaine/1:1000 Adrenaline as the topical vasoconstriction regimes. The results showed that the vasoconstrictor effect was not significantly different within the four groups; topical 1:1000 Adrenaline resulted in more haemorrhage compared to the other three regimes; comparing the other three regimes the blood loss was not significantly different. The conclusion is that the Adrenaline/Cocaine mixture has no advantage and its potentially dangerous interaction makes it unnecessary and unjustified. Topical 5% Cocaine is recommended because it achieves the aims with the least side-effects.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1977

Oesophageal involvement in epidermolysis bullosa.

Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica causing oesophageal stricture in two males of a family of 4 siblings--2 females and 2 males, and whose parents are not related, is reported. The stricture was treated with repeated dilatations and oral prednisolone on and off with complete success. A brief comment is also made with regards to the pathology and management of this condition.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1975

Bilateral symmetrical maldevelopment of external and middle-ear cleft with pharyngeal and soft palate defects.

An unusual combination of first and second arch anomlies is presented. This has resulted in absent middle and external ears with gross naso- and oropharyngeal defects. A brief reference is made to the embryology of this region to explain the anatomical and functional defects. Vascular abnormality during the peri-gestational period is suggested as a possible cause and a conservative line of treatment has been followed with good result.

Audiometry↗