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Biomedical subjects

A Germain

Publications and source records attributed to A Germain.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Pseudomyxoma of the peritoneum. Apropos of 4 cases].

Peritoneal pseudomyxoma is a rare disease (400 published cases). In 60% of all cases, an ovarian tumor is the cause of the disease. The second cause is appendicular mucocele. We report about four personal cases after a longer time lapse. No clinical or biological sign is specific. Ultrasonography associated to CT may allow establishing the preoperative diagnosis. Peritoneal pseudomyxoma has several main features: it is insidious, recurrent, obstinate and severe. Recent work has shown that peritoneal pseudomyxoma is secondary to malignant mucosecretory tumors, mainly of ovarian (cystadenocarcinoma) or appendicular origin, with intraperitoneal cell implants. Surgery is the only treatment with proven effectiveness. The effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiation therapy has not been established.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Effect of maternal administration of thyrotropin releasing hormone on the preterm fetal pituitary-thyroid axis.

We evaluated the response of preterm fetuses to maternal intravenous injection of 400 micrograms of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) between 30 minutes and 5 hours before delivery (n = 12). An additional seven mothers received saline solution and served as control subjects. There were no statistically significant differences in gestational age, birth weight, or Apgar scores between groups. At delivery, concentrations of maternal thyrotropin were elevated in the TRH group compared with the control group (12.0 +/- 1.6 vs 5.6 +/- 0.5 mU/L; p less than 0.005); however, maternal triiodothyronine (T3) values remained unchanged. Significant elevations of fetal thyrotropin and T3 were observed after maternal administration of TRH compared with control subjects (45.8 +/- 7.7 vs 8.4 +/- 0.9 mU/L (p less than 0.002) and 1.3 +/- 0.07 vs 0.7 +/- 0.04 nmol/L or 87 +/- 5 vs 49 +/- 3 ng/dl (p less than 0.001), respectively). Fetal thyroxine (T4) and prolactin values were also elevated after exposure to TRH (135 +/- 5 vs 86 +/- 10 nmol/L or 10.5 +/- 0.4 vs 6.7 +/- 0.8 micrograms/dl (p less than 0.001) and 212 +/- 31 vs 105 +/- 28 micrograms/L (p less than 0.05), respectively). Two hours after birth, a significant increase in T3 but not T4 levels was observed in both groups of infants. These data indicate that fetal exposure to a single dose of TRH via maternal administration of this hormone results in marked stimulation of the preterm fetal pituitary-thyroid axis, as in the fetus at term, and that this treatment does not inhibit the early postnatal surge of T3.

Female↗
PubMed1990

[The simultaneous measurement of cortisol and cortisone in the plasma and tissues by high-resolution liquid chromatography].

Measurement of cortisol (F) and cortisone (E) are important to study cortisol metabolism during gestation or in hypertensive patients. We developed a method for simultaneous measurement of F and E based on plasma extraction by dichloromethane, separation by high resolution chromatography and detection at 254 nm. Good correlation between this method and RIA was obtained in measurements of maternal plasma cortisol (r = 0.77). Retention times for F and E were 25 +/- 0.6 and 20 +/- 0.4 min respectively. F and E recovery was 73% (interassay coefficient 7.1%). Conversion of F to E in controls and in human placenta, but not in pseudohyperaldosteronism, is detected by the method. F values in maternal blood (269 +/- 12 ng/ml), umbilical artery (61 +/- 5), umbilical vein (44 +/- 3) and E values in maternal blood (40 +/- 1), umbilical artery (57 +/- 4) and umbilical vein (61 +/- 4), were similar to those reported in the literature. Thus, HPLC is a simple, reliable and reproducible method for measurement of cortisol and cortisone.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1987

Differences in the lipid peroxidative status, cytochrome P-450 content and microsomal oxygen consumption between right and left lobes of the liver in fetal sheep. Comparison with maternal liver.

The existence of the ductus venosus in mammalian fetal liver determines a different blood flow in the right and left lobes. This asymmetry is associated to a decrease in oxygen delivery to the right lobe. Some stages in oxygen metabolism are related to the formation of free radicals that can induce cellular damage dependent on the tissue oxygen concentration and on the activity of the enzymatic and non enzymatic systems involved in the tissue protection. In the present study, the differences in the lipid peroxidative status and some parameters related to the protection against oxygen toxicity between both lobes in the sheep fetal liver were analyzed and compared to the same parameters in the dam liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Conservative treatment of breast cancer. Results after 10 years].

Between 1961 and 1975, 300 women with cancer of the breast (T1:72; T2:167; T3:61) were treated conservatively with radiotherapy alone (T3) or with partial or predominant radiotherapy combined with tumorectomy without axillary dissection (T1 or T2). The results, normalized at 10 years, confirmed that the survival rate (crude or NED) was exactly the same as with other conservative treatments or mutilating surgical treatments. Relapses were few (8%) in T1 cases and acceptable in T2 and T3 cases (13% and 18% respectively); in almost every patient they were amenable to surgery, with good local postoperative course. The prevalence of metastases was directly proportional to the size of the tumour; it was neither more nor less frequent than after radical surgery. Complications were rare and not very severe. Cosmetic results were either excellent (T1) or satisfactory (T2, T3). Finally, the proportions of breasts preserved at 10 years among patients alive and NED was very high, ranging from 96% (T1) to 91% (T2) and 87% (T3). These good results were associated with the possibility of high dosage additional endocurietherapy of the tumoral area with iridium 192, particularly in extensive forms where tumorectomy was cosmetically precluded. Since 1975, we have been using the conservative treatment in closer association with non mutilating surgery.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

A perceptual study of the influence of pitch on the intelligibility of sung vowels.

A perceptual study of the influence of pitch on the intelligibility of vowels was carried out using a corpus containing all 15 French vowels sung by a professional soprano across her entire voice range. Four untrained subjects underwent identification tests whose results show statistically that vowel intelligibility is inversely proportional to pitch. A perceptual analysis based on confusion matrices revealed that intelligibility drops rapidly starting at the middle register. Classification of the confusions showed that incorrectly identified vowels tend to be confused with [a], most certainly because the shape of the vocal tract when in the upper register corresponds to that of the vowel [a].

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[Parathyroid adenoma disclosed by a cold nodule on thyroid scintigraphy. 2 cases].

Two unusual cases of parathyroid adenoma were diagnosed in different circumstances. In the first case, pathological examination of a thyroid lobectomy specimen disclosed a large parathyroid adenoma. In the second case, the association of clinical and biological manifestations of hyperparathyroidism with a "cold" nodule of the right lobe suggested the diagnosis which was confirmed by surgery and pathological examination. In addition to the classical causes of "cold" thyroid nodules, a large parathyroid adenoma should be considered. Routine investigations for clinical and biological manifestations of such an adenoma are advocated.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

[Real-time echography of the parathyroid glands].

Real time ultrasonography of the neck, using a sectorial scanner with an ordinary 5 MHz transducer, was performed on 24 patients with hypercalcemia. 21 of them were suffering from primary hyperparathyroidism and 3 from a severe paraneoplasic hypercalcemia. There were 18 true positive, 3 false positive, 1 false negative and 2 true negative. The sensibility and the negative predictive value of the method are 83%. The specificity and the negative predictive value are 95%. The accuracy is 91%. Real time ultrasonography of parathyroid glands is possible with a sectorial scanner using an ordinary 5 MHz transducer and is systematically done, in our institution, before cervicotomy.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1980

[Acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis. Criteria of letality (author's transl)].

A retrospective study of severity symptoms in a series of 102 patients operated upon for acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis showed that the risk of death was much significantly higher when shock (p less than 0,00001) and renal failure (p less than 0,0001) were present. The association, during the post-operative period, of shock and renal failure with one of the following symptoms: digestive haemorrhage, psychic disorders, pulmonary oedema, post-operative peritonitis and evisceration invariably proved fatal. It is suggested that controlled therapeutic trials should be carried out in patients presenting with these complications.

Acute Disease↗