The authors studied 59 children including 48 with multiple developmental anomalies and 11 with disturbances of sexual development. In 11 cases (18.6%) the following chromosomal abnormalities were found: in 5 cases of Down's syndrome, 3 cases of full trisomy G, 1 case of 46XX/47XYG+ mosaicism, and in 1 case translocation 46XYD--G--t (DqGq)+. In 3 cases Turner's syndrome was present, with 45XG in 2 cases and 45XO/46XX in the 3rd case. Klinefelter's syndrome was disclosed in 1 case (47XXY), true hermaphroditism with mosaicism 45XO/46XX in one case, and Edwards' syndrome in 1 case with 47XYE+. Multiple chromosome breaks were found in 2 children. In the remaining 46 cases cytogenetic investigations of lymphocyte cultures stained (without using the banding technique) failed to demonstrate any differences in the number and structure of the chromosomes. The following groups were isolated in this material: 8 cases (13.6%) of gene mutation determining systemic defects (homocystinuria, chondrodystrophy, and two cases of intestinal polyposis, adrenogenital syndrome and hereditary osteocartilagineous exostoses each), 6 cases of malformations of hereditary origin (10.2%)-- and 32 cases with negative family history (54.2%). In 12 cases of the last group (37.2%) a history of various teratogenic factors acting during pregnancy was elicited (viral and protozoan infections, drugs and other chemicals, quantitative and qualitative malnutrition, hypoxia, mechanical trauma, vibration).

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

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[Triglyceride, free fatty acid, lipid and cholesterol levels in the serum of infants with nutrition disorders after stimulation with glucagon].

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Cholesterol↗

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Role of some biogenic amines in the pathomechanism of glomerulonephritis. II. Adrenaline, noradrenaline and serotonin in acute serum sickness in rabbits.

In acute serum sickness induced with one intravenous dose of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in 40 rabbits the patterns of excretion of adrenaline (A), noradrenaline (NA), serotonin (5HT) and 5-hydroxyindole-acetic acid (5HIAA) were studied in 24-hour urine, and the 5HT level was determined at intervals of three days. The urinary levels of biogenic amines were determined daily. Some rabbits immunized with BSA received also additionally 5HT, reserpine or parachlorphenylalanine (PCPA). Administration of BSA to rabbits caused a significant increase in the excretion of A and NA and a less evident increase in 5HT level in the blood. The greatest correlation with the course of the immune reaction was shown by the increase in NA excretion observed on the 2nd and 3rd days after BSA administration, and then between the 5th and the 12th days of the experiment. Daily subcutaneous injections of 5HT during 15 days caused a significant rise of its level in the blood and urine, and an increase of 5HIAA excretion. After reserpine or PCPA administration a significant decrease of the levels of all these amines was observed. Taking into account the results of histological examination of the kidneys, that is intensification of the inflammatory changes after 5HT administration and evident inhibition of the inflammatory process after administration of reserpine and PCPA it must be accepted that the studied amines have an important role in the pathomechanism of glomerulonephritis in acute serum sickness.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Role of some biogenic amines in the pathomechanism of glomerulonephritis.

Investigations were carried out on the patterns of adrenaline (A), noradrenaline (NA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) and 5-hydroxyindole-acetic acid (5HIAA) in chronic serum sickness produced in rabbits by repeated subcutaneous administration of bovine albumin. In some animals serotonin or parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA) were given additionally. Long-term immunization lasting 5-8 weeks caused a significant rise in NA excretion in the first 3 weeks of the experiment, and a less evident fall in the 5HT level in the blood, and 5HT, 5HIAA and A in urine. Additionally administered serotonin increased in these animals the level of 5HT in blood and urine, decreased slightly the level of A in urine, but caused no change in the significantly increased excretion of NA. These changes were associated with a rise in the intensity of inflammatory changes in the kidneys [19]. After PCPA administration of significant fall was observed of the 5HT level in blood and urine and of the NA level in urine, which was correlated with an evident attenuation of the inflammatory processes in the renal glomeruli [19]. In the light if these results that authors conclude that the investigated amines play an important role in the development of inflammatory changes in the glomeruli during chronic serum sickness.

Animals↗