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Biomedical subjects

A Gaucher

Publications and source records attributed to A Gaucher.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of paracetamol after a single intravenous dose of propacetamol.

Since the antipyretic and probably the analgesic effects of paracetamol are, at least in part, centrally mediated, its plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations were measured in 43 patients with nerve-root compression pain. Each subject was given a short i.v. infusion of 2 g propacetamol, a prodrug which is hydrolysed to paracetamol within 7 min. Single blood and CSF samples were drawn concomitantly in each patient at intervals between 20 min and 12 h. Maximum CSF drug concentrations were observed at the 4th hour, subsequent concentrations exceeding those in plasma. The elimination half-life of paracetamol calculated from pooled data was shorter in plasma (2.4 h) than in CSF (3.2 h). The time-course of paracetamol in CSF may parallel that of analgesic effect.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1991

[Multiple calcifications and ossifications of tendons].

Multiple calcifications and ossifications of tendons are, as a rule, associated with similar lesions of other articular and/or periarticular structures. The nature and multiplicity of these lesions gives them an unquestionable diagnostic and nosological value. Multiple calcifications are part of the apatite arthritis or of diffuse articular chondrocalcinosis. Multiple ossifications of tendons often suggest Forestier's disease and ankylosing spondylitis.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1991

Autosomal dominant arthropathy in a French family.

We studied a French family in which 18 adult members had destructive arthropathy and enthesopathic changes. In 16 patients, the diagnosis was verified radiologically, and in the 2 other patients, the clinical history was consistent with familial arthropathy. The disease predominantly affects the wrists, fingers, shoulders, and peripheral entheses, and its onset occurs after age 18. Genetic transmission is autosomal dominant, with 100% penetrance, and is not related to the HLA system. The clinical and radiologic features are strikingly similar in all patients in successive generations and different branches of the genealogic tree, and this suggests monogenic transmission.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

Tenoxicam concentrations in synovium and joint cartilage in humans.

Tenoxicam is an NSAID of the oxicam group. Its distribution in articular tissues was investigated in 12 patients who required total arthroplasty of the hip. They were given tenoxicam 20 mg once daily for 8 to 30 days before surgery. Blood, synovium and cartilage samples were taken concurrently during surgery, about 14 hours after the last tenoxicam dose. The tissues were ground using a freeze grinder. Tenoxicam was assayed by HPLC. Tenoxicam concentrations averaged 6.21 +/- 3.81 micrograms/ml in plasma, 7.56 +/- 4.67 micrograms/g in synovium and 2.05 +/- 1.43 micrograms/g in cartilage. The individual synovium/cartilage ratios ranged from 1.9 to 9.7. Finally tenoxicam exhibited more affinity for its target organ (synovial tissue) than for joint cartilage.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Long-term disability and prolonged sick leaves as outcome measurements in ankylosing spondylitis. Possible predictive factors.

Prognostic factors for the occurrence of longterm disability and prolonged sick leave were determined in 182 patients with ankylosing spondylitis. A significant relationship appeared between functional disability (determined by the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire) and sex, age at disease onset, and the number of peripheral joints involved. Using a life-table approach, the probability of prolonged sick leaves was associated with peripheral joint involvement and work that involved carrying heavy loads. Long-term disability was more frequent after work involving exposure to cold conditions (relative risk [RR] = 2.01) and prolonged standing postures (RR = 1.34), while sedentary work (RR = 0.35) and formal vocational rehabilitation programs (RR = 0.57) seemed to protect against long-term disability.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of indomethacin in humans. Relationship to analgesic activity.

Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of indomethacin have been determined in 52 patients hospitalized for nerve-root compression pain. Samples of blood and CSF were collected at the same time in each subject, 0.5 to 12 h after a single intramuscular injection of 50 mg indomethacin. Analgesic effect was assessed by the absolute and percentage variation in Huskisson's visual analogue scale between dosing and sampling. According to its high lipid solubility, indomethacin rapidly crossed the blood-brain barrier, being detected in CSF 0.5 h after administration. After attainment of equilibrium within 2 h, the CSF level exceeded the free plasma level. Since the drug was extensively bound to serum albumin (99.7 +/- 0.1%), this phenomenon may represent a slight degree of binding of indomethacin in CSF. The analgesic activity was not related to either the plasma or CSF concentration of indomethacin.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Pre-B lymphocytes with intracytoplasmic mu chains in the peripheral blood of rheumatoid arthritis patients.

A dysregulation of B-cell differentiation and activation has long been evidenced in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Such analyses have, however, usually focused on the latest stages of B-cell development. Using a classical technique of immunofluorescence labeling on cytospins, we investigated the presence of peripheral pre-B lymphocytes in 92 RA patients and 23 controls. Cells with intracytoplasmic mu chains were evidenced in 58.7% of the RA patients studied, ranging between 0 and 30%, while small numbers of c-mu cells, never exceeding 6% of peripheral blood lymphocytes, were observed in 9 controls. Relationships between this feature and clinical or laboratory data were investigated, showing a negative correlation between the percentage of c-mu + lymphocytes and Ritchie's index (P = 0.05), the number of tender or swollen joints (P = 0.05), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P = 0.005), seropositivity (P = 0.05), and disease duration (P = 0.01).

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Osteo-articular manifestations in dialysis of patients over 70 years].

A clinical, biological and radiological prospective study was carried out in 21 patients over 70 years of age and treated by hemodialysis or chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) to evaluate the frequency and specificity of rheumatic diseases observed in aged chronic renal failure patients. Some are caused or favored by old age and are not in any way related to renal failure and its replacement therapy. Such was the case with arthrosis which was present in 85% of patients, ankylosing vertebral hyperostosis (14%), Paget's disease (5%) and gouty arthritis (10%). Elsewhere there is an implication between abnormalities due to aging and those linked to renal failure and/or dialysis, some of which can worsen or accelerate others. Secondary hyperparathyroidism seems less frequent in the elderly than in the young patients. Common vitamin dependent osteomalacia should not be neglected because it can be either prevented or efficiently treated. Osteoporosis is another important factor in osteopenia. Extra-skeletal calcifications are frequent: periarticular calcifications (38%), chondrocalcinosis (14%) and disc calcifications (24%). Dialysis arthropathy comprising: carpal tunnel syndrome, erosive lesions of large and intermediate limb joint articulations and destructive spondylarthropathy is observed in 43% of patients after an average dialysis period of 44 months. The advent of this complication seems to be quite early in the elderly, as compared to the young population, which confirms the role played by age as a favoring factor.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Fractures caused by bone insufficiency of the proximal femoral epiphysis. Contribution of MRI].

The fractures by bony insufficiency are particularly well seen on MRI. On T1 weighted images they are detected as a very hypointense line surrounded by a hypointense area. On T2 weighted images, the hypointense line is also recognized and represents the fracture surrounded by a hyperintense area due to oedema or hemorrhage. Five cases of bony insufficiency fracture of the femoral head are reported. The features of the superior subchondral locations of these fractures and some primary and limited epiphyseal osteonecrosis are similar and consistent with a common pathogeny.

Aged↗