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Biomedical subjects

A Garrett

Publications and source records attributed to A Garrett.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Prevalence of glioblastoma multiforme in subjects with prior therapeutic radiation.

This retrospective study profiled subjects with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) who had previously received therapeutic radiation. A chart review was conducted of 100 adult patients diagnosed with GBM and referred to a major medical center in the southwestern United States. Seventeen patients received previous radiation therapy with an average dose of 48.5 Grey (Gy) and an average latency period of 15 years between initial therapy and GBM diagnosis. Of these 17, four white females fit all four attribution criteria for radiation-induced GBM. Two had been treated with radiation for prolactinomas, one for pinealoma and one for squamous cell cancer of the ethmoid sinus. The addition of these four case studies to the previously published descriptions of 80 cases of gliomas, 36 of which were GBM, subsequent to radiation therapy provides additional support for considering therapeutic radiation as a risk factor for GBM development.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1992

Prevalence of glioblastoma multiforme subjects with prior herbicide exposure.

The charts of 100 patients with established diagnoses of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) provided the data base for a descriptive study of patients' exposure to herbicides. The study focused on place of residence and occupation during the year prior to diagnosis of GBM. Although subjects reported residences in 33 of the 75 counties in Arkansas, more than one-third of the sample came from just 3 counties in which rice, cotton or wood products are produced. These industries were reported as the occupations of almost one-third of the sample for whom occupations involved a risk of herbicide exposure. The findings of this study add to the epidemiological profile of those at risk for GBM and underscore the need for assessment of residence and occupation on a consistent basis when counseling patients and providing health education.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Breastfeeding multiples.

Although breastfeeding two or more infants requires greater organization and presents a challenge to the family, it may in the long run save time. Fatigue, the greatest deterrent to breastfeeding multiples, is common among all new mothers. It is essential for the nurse to demonstrate all of the potential positions for feeding, to stress adequate nutrition, and to encourage getting help from others so that the mother has time to rest each day. Nurses are in an optimal position for influencing successful breastfeeding for multiple birth parents. The dearth of knowledge about breastfeeding twins or other multiples indicates the need for research in this area.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1988

Withdrawal of anticonvulsant drugs in patients free of seizures for two years. A prospective study.

We discontinued anticonvulsant drugs in 92 patients who had been free of seizures during two years of treatment with a single drug. All the patients had epilepsy that had previously been untreated, and had been randomly assigned to receive carbamazepine, phenytoin, or sodium valproate. Thirty-one patients relapsed, and 61 remained free of seizures. The mean duration of the follow-up in the patients remaining free of seizures was 35 months (range, 6 to 62). There was no significant difference between the relapse rate among adults (35 percent) and that among children (31 percent). Our results suggest that the number of seizures a patient had before control was achieved, the number of drugs tried as single-drug therapy, and the type of treatment withdrawn all influenced the outcome. Among the various types of seizures, complex partial seizures with secondary generalization carried the worst prognosis. In comparison, the risk of relapse was 65 percent lower in patients with generalized seizures and 97 percent lower in patients with complex or simple partial seizures in the absence of secondary generalized attacks. Among the four electroencephalographic classes, class 4 (abnormal before treatment and unchanged before withdrawal) carried the worst prognosis. The risk of relapse was 94 to 99 percent lower in patients in the other three electroencephalographic classes. Among the three anticonvulsants, withdrawal of sodium valproate carried the worst prognosis. In comparison, the odds of relapsing were 28 percent lower after withdrawal of phenytoin and 85 percent lower after withdrawal of carbamazepine. We conclude that withdrawal of anticonvulsant medication should be considered in patients free of seizures for two years.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Multilocular cystic nephroma: report of three cases.

Multilocular cystic nephroma is an uncommon renal neoplasm which in childhood usually presents as an abdominal mass. The same condition is also described as multilocular kidney and multilocular cystic hamartoma. The clinical presentation, and radiological findings in three cases of multilocular cystic nephroma are described.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1986

Malignant histiocytosis presenting with vasculitis and cutaneous erythrophagocytosis.

We report a case of malignant histiocytosis that presented initially as a cutaneous vasculitis without malignant features. A subsequent biopsy specimen of an erythematous skin lesion showed erythrophagocytosis by normal-appearing histiocytes within the subcutis. The recognition of erythrophagocytosis was followed by systemic symptoms and signs of malignant histiocytosis and a rapidly deteriorating clinical course. Possible mechanisms for erythrophagocytosis are discussed, and other diseases associated with this histologic finding are reviewed briefly.

Adult↗