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Biomedical subjects

A Galian

Publications and source records attributed to A Galian.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Primary biliary cirrhosis and sarcoidosis. Association or unique disease?].

The incontestable simultaneous occurrence of primary biliary cirrhosis and sarcoidosis is reported in a 40 year-old woman. The diagnosis of primary biliary cirrhosis was based on the association of intrahepatic cholestasis, increased serum IgM, high titer of antimitochondrial antibodies and hepatic histologic lesions. In six years the latter passed from bile duct destruction with fibrosis to cirrhosis with absence of bile ducts. The diagnosis of sarcoidosis relied on the presence of bilateral hilar lymphadenopathies, pulmonary infiltrate, tuberculoid granuloma without necrosis in an enlarged cervical lymph node and increased serum level of angiotensin conversion enzyme improved by steroid therapy. Such an association, only three other cases of which have been reported, suggests a link between the two diseases, which could be two localizations of a same physiopathological process.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Acquired immunodeficiency with intestinal cryptosporidiosis: possible transmission by Haitian whole blood.

A 31-year-old Frenchman had an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with profound depression of cellular immunity and relative sparing of humoral immunity. The clinical picture included intractable secretory diarrhoea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Gastrointestinal cryptosporidiosis was present and a perfusion technique showed profuse secretion of fluid in the proximal small bowel. The patient also had recurrent Salmonella typhimurium septicaemia, cytomegalovirus infection, and cerebral toxoplasmosis and he died within 13 months. This patient did not belong to any of the groups known to be affected by this type of acquired immunodeficiency (homosexuals, drug addicts, haemophiliacs, Haitians) but had been transfused with Haitian blood 4 years before onset of symptoms. This case supports the notion that some forms of AIDS may be transmitted by blood, with a long incubation period.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1983

Alpha-chain disease without qualitative serum IgA abnormality. Report of two cases, including a "nonsecretory" form.

Two cases of alpha-chain disease (alpha-CD) without detectable amounts of alpha-CD protein in serum are reported. Both patients presented with the usual epidemiologic, clinical and pathologic features of alpha-CD, including a predominantly plasmacytic infiltration of the whole small intestine, alpha-CD Protein was found in the jejunal fluid in one case but not in the other, the latter presenting as a "nonsecretory" form of alpha-CD. In both cases, immunofluorescence study of the small bowel mucosa showed that most of the infiltrating cells were positive for alpha chains and negative for other isotypes, and kappa and lambda light chains. These findings warrant a reevaluation of the prevalence of alpha-CD protein synthesis in immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) (including lymphomas previously described as Mediterranean lymphoma) by performing an adequate search for alpha-CD protein in the jejunal juice, and at the cellular level in patients without detectable amounts of this protein in serum.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Anatomo-pathological evolution of single-layer end-to-end digestive anastomoses. A study of 210 colonic anastomoses in rats from the 2d to the 180th day].

Two hundred and ten left colonic single-layer end-to-end anastomoses (105 by extramucosal continuous suture, 53 by extramucosal interrupted sutures, 52 by total continuous suture) performed on 105 rats with microsurgical techniques using a slowly resorbed suturing material were examined histologically at nine different times between the 2nd and the 180th days. The histopathological evolution of the inflammatory granuloma, the granulation tissue, the reepithelialization process and the restoration of the smooth muscle layers are described. The rate and the amount of inflammation were found to differ between animals and three different types of evolution could be schematized. The differences could not be due to the suturing techniques since continuous and interrupted sutures gave the same results, but rather to the manner of treating the intestinal cut edges before and during suturing. The amount of inflammation was found to decrease with the operator's training.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Total villous atrophy, mesenteric lymph-node cavitation, splenic atrophy. An unusual form of celiac disease in adults, apropos of a new case].

The authors report a new case concerning the syndrome "total villous atrophy, mesenteric lymph-node cavity formation and splenic atrophy" in a 41 year old woman. This pathologic association is characterized by: a) a clinical and biological malabsorption syndrome; b) proximal small bowel alterations as observed in coeliac disease, with, especially subtotal or total villous atrophy, abnormal enterocytic epithelium, hyperplastic crypts and lymph-plasmacytic infiltrate in the lamina propria; c) lymph node mesenteric cavity formation with an heterogeneous necrotic, sometimes liquefied, substance, without germ or parasite. Rare cortical lymphoid follicles are still persistent; 3) a splenic atrophy. A temporary improvement with gluten-diet (G.F.D.) was followed by a one-year period of total resistance. A treatment including corticotherapy was then successful and since the 14 past months her health remained satisfactory. Clinical, pathological data and the evolution about this patient are compared with those of the six published cases. The aetiology of this syndrome only observed in adults at the present time is unknown; the fact that patient's child presents with a coeliac disease, allows to authenticate, for the first time, this syndrome as a special form of adult coeliac disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Unexpected generalized amyloidosis discovered on biopsies. Value of Wright's method for etiologic diagnosis. Three case-reports].

Three cases are reported in which unexpected generalized amyloïdosis was disclosed by biopsies. The authors emphasize the value of precise analysis of the deposits and particularly of Wright's method for studying their staining properties. This method can guide investigations towards one of the two main etiologies of amyloïdosis (immunoglobulinic or AA).

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Digestive amyloidosis in generalized amyloidosis. Current data and practical applications (author's transl)].

Following a summary of the modern, biochemical classification of generalized amyloidosis into immunoglobulin-induced (AL) and non immunoglobulin-induced (AA), the authors study amyloid lesions of the digestive tract. The classical topographical data concerning primary and secondary amyloidosis are described. These data are confirmed by current studies based on the new classification and completed by a technique recently developed by Wright, where treatment of histological sections with potassium permanganate makes it possible to differentiate AL amyloidosis from AA amyloidosis. The resulting practical classification of amyloid deposits enables clinicians to form an idea of the aetiological group concerned. A study of rectal biopsies emphasizes the value of the results. The special cases of Portuguese amyloidosis and amyloidosis associated with Crohn's disease are also studied.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1982

Diffuse follicular lymphoid hyperplasia of the small intestine without primary immunoglobulin deficiency.

Three cases of follicular lymphoid hyperplasia extending to the whole length of small intestine are reported in three young adult patients of low economic status. The disease was revealed by chronic diarrhea with malabsorption and/or protein-losing enteropathy. In one patient, all transitional patterns were found between the hyperplastic follicles and a small intestinal multicentric centrocytic-centroblastic lymphoma. No abnormalities in humoral or cellular immunity were found in the three patients. In particular, serum immunoglobulins (except IgG in one case) and plasma cell populations of small intestinal lamina propria were normal. Diffuse follicular lymphoid hyperplasia of the small intestine in the absence of primary immunoglobulin deficiency appears to be a rare condition associated with (or leading to) intestinal malignant lymphoma in most cases. Patients usually belong to the same populations as those suffering from alpha-chain disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Undifferentiated carcinoma with lymphoid stroma (undifferentiated carcinoma nasopharyngeal type?). Optical, electron microscopical and immunofluorescence study (author's transl)].

A case of undifferentiated carcinoma with lymphoid stroma of the paired gland is reported in a chinese woman with positive Epstein-Barr virus serology. The histologic appearance of the tumor is very similar to undifferentiated carcinomas nasopharyngeal type (UCNT). Ultrastructural study reveals features of epidermoid differentiation. Immunofluorescence study shows numerous and predominant IgA plasma cells in the stroma. The relationship between this tumor and the benign lymphoepithelial lesions of the salivary glands are discussed. The present case and the review of the literature emphasize the morphological and epidemiological similarities between UCNT and undifferentiated carcinoma with lymphoid stroma of the salivary glands.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Liver biopsy : its indications in pathology (author's transl)].

One might expect several data from the study of liver biopsies : a diagnosis, an evaluation of the prognosis and the follow-up of therapy in patients with liver disease. The authors precise the most important lesions encountered in liver biopsy : diseases in which hepatic and or biliary manifestations are predominant (alcoholic liver disease, viral hepatitis, drugs and chemicals induced lesions, cirrhosis, biliary disease), liver alterations due to metabolic, cardio-vascular, haematological or systemic disorders. The prognosis and the evolution of the disease may be evaluation by the pathologist. The liver biopsy interpretation provides the basis on which the management of the patient with liver disease is founded. An important part of the study is related to the conditions necessary to obtain a final diagnosis. Clinical and biological data (and good samples) must be provided by the physician who must have a critical understanding of the pathological report. On the other hand, the pathologist with a good knowledge of histological technics has to analyse the lesions taking into account these informations. The best conditions are obtained in the closest possible collaboration between the pathologists and the clinicians providing the samples. The limits of the liver biopsy interpretation are also emphasized. The paper is followed by a glossary and 12 references.

Biopsy↗