Biomedical subjects

A Götte

Publications and source records attributed to A Götte.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Volume measurement by CARTO compared with cardiac magnetic resonance.

AIMS: The CARTO electrophysiological mapping system has demonstrated accurate results for end-diastolic ventricular volumes in casts and animals. However, in humans, a comparison with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), the non-invasive gold standard for volumetric analysis, has not yet been performed. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 34 (29 male) heart failure patients (NYHA class III/IV) underwent an electrophysiological mapping procedure with the CARTO system in the left ventricle (LV) (n = 34) and right ventricle (RV) (n = 12) and CMR for RV and LV end-diastolic volume (RVEDV and LVEDV) measurements another day. Mean LVEDV was comparable between CMR and CARTO (328 +/- 95 and 320 +/- 92 mL, respectively; P = NS), whereas RV volumes measured by CARTO were larger (CMR 140 +/- 48 vs. CARTO 176 +/- 47 mL; P < 0.01). Overall, we found a good correlation between CMR and CARTO measurements for both chambers; however, the Bland-Altman analysis showed a non-interchangeability of these methods. Measurement differences were independent of chamber size, but significantly affected by the number of acquired mapping points. CONCLUSION: Although CMR and CARTO showed a good correlation in the measurement of RVEDV and LVEDV in a group of heart failure patients, the clinical interchangeability of the two methods may be questioned.

Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac↗

PubMed1995

[Spinal anesthesia and functional sympathetic nerve block].

By measuring pulse rate (PR), blood pressure (BP), electrical integral skin resistance (SR), and skin surface temperature in different areas, the activity of the sympathetic nerves in spinal anaesthetics of different levels was evaluated. It was found that the sympathetic subsystems for vasomotor and sudomotor activity have their own innervation and that the functionally different effectors also manifest different deficiency reactions in low- and medium-level spinal anaesthesia. Functional sympathetic innervation, however, is unimportant after high sensory spread of spinal anaesthesia. The sympathetic nerves show similar signs of deficiency during administration of centrally acting general anaesthetics. In contrast to these, however, high spinal anaesthesia does not block the vagal component of the autonomic nervous system. The unopposed parasympathetic nerves directly affect the heart and other effectors, which may result in life-threatening cardiovascular reactions with decreases in BP and bradycardia. If high sympathetic blockade is recognized early, such life-threatening situations can be managed successfully. Suitable means of measuring sympathetic activity are the observation of BP, HR, temperature, and particularly SR at the hand. Sympathetic nerve blockade due to spinal anaesthesia first causes a reduction of SR in the lower extremity. In high spinal anaesthesia there is also a loss of sympathetic activity at the hands. Subsequently, hand temperature increases, and finally bradycardia and hypotension occur. The functional reaction of sympathetic activity is indicated by correlation of the vasomotor and sudomotor activities in high and low spinal anaesthesia. Failure of sudomotor activity can be observed on average at least 3 min prior to an increase in acral temperature and 9 min at the hands in cases of high spinal anaesthesia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anesthesia, Spinal↗

PubMed1993

Ventricular tachycardia surgery in 1992: did the automatic defibrillator change this approach?

The role of ventricular tachycardia (VT) surgery has been changed since the automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is available. We studied the follow-up of 131 patients who underwent mapping guided surgery due to recurrent VT refractory to antiarrhythmic drug treatment. There were 65 patients operated upon between 1980-1985 (group I) and 66 patients between 1986-1991 (group II). Ten patients (8%) died perioperatively (< 3 weeks after surgery) [7/65 patients, 11%, in group I and 3/66 patients, 5%, in group II (P = 0.15)]. During a mean follow-up of 41 +/- 24 months, 38 of 121 patients died (31%), significantly more patients in group I (24/58 patients, 41%) than in group II (14/63 patients, 22%) (P < 0.05). In group I, there was a higher incidence of sudden (7/58 patients, 12%) or cardiac death (15/58 patients, 26%) than in group II (sudden death 4/63 patients, 6%, cardiac death 7/63 patients, 11%) (P < 0.05). There was a similar incidence of VT recurrences between group I (9/65 patients, 14%) and group II (9/66 patients, 14%). Our data show that the indication for VT surgery has changed since the ICD is available because of better patient selection.

Cardiac Catheterization↗

PubMed1990

[The function of the sympathetic nervous system and its behavior during regional anesthesia].

The activity of the sympathetic nervous system is of fundamental importance in the regulation of vital bodily functions. Impairment of sympathetic neuronal efferences results in considerably disordered effector function, and in some cases even in complete failure. Clinically, this is of great significance, because if an anesthetic agent produces cause the sympathetic system to block, the effects can be serious in individual cases, particularly on the cardiovascular system. If complications are to be avoided, it is essential to assess the degree of block correctly. Clinical monitoring has a variety of applications, a particularly useful one being measurement of the sympathetic system during regional anesthesia, for which quantification of the blocking effect is a clinical necessity and the degree of block needs to be ascertained without delay, for example in the case of spinal or peridural anesthesia. The activity of the sympathetic system can be monitored indirectly by two means: by measuring changes in skin temperature (with reference to all circulatory parameters), as these reflect its influence on the arterioles, and by measuring the skin resistance caused by the eccrinal sweat glands, which are also regulated by the sympathetic system. As the anatomical and functional structure of the system is highly complex a connection between the two measurements cannot necessarily be assumed. The two variables were measured simultaneously during spinal anesthesia and analysed. It was shown that the two measurements correlated well, at least in the statistical middle range, and that skin resistance was by far the faster and more sensitive of the two.

Anesthesia, Conduction↗

PubMed1988

[The monitoring of sympathetic activity following stellate ganglion block].

Variations in skin resistance are an indicator of a patient's sympathetic nerve activity. To record these variations, a mobile measuring system was developed. Even if this method is not yet used as a clinical routine, it could be helpful in studying the effects of nerve blocks in anesthesia. It seems to be advantageous for estimating the effectiveness of a block, the stress of the patient, and for recognizing very early reactions of a patient's sympathetic system. METHOD. An objective sign of a successful and sufficient block should be diminishing and finally the total lack of skin reaction amplitudes if the block is total. This was measured in a patient (male, 30 years old, nonsmoker, calm type) who suffered from a sudden loss of hearing on the left for four consecutive days when his left stellate ganglion was blocked. The effectiveness of the block was estimated from a two-channel measurement of skin reactions. On one channel the skin resistance of the blocked left side was recorded and on the other, unblocked skin areas of the right side were measured simultaneously. RESULTS. Although all four blocks were successful, which was evidenced by a Horner syndrome as well as elevated skin temperature 1-2 min after the injection of 7 ml bupivacaine (C6/C7), in all four cases residual sympathetic activity could be measured. In Fig. 1, the diminishing amplitudes of channel A as compared with channel B demonstrate this finding after the onset of a block at 2:03 p.m. An interpretation of skin reactions generated by a series of action potentials is given.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Autonomic Nerve Block↗

PubMed1986

[Measurements of skin resistance in detecting activity of the sympathetic nervous system in spinal anesthesia].

The skin resistance and temperature of the surface of the skin were measured in more than 20 patients by means of mobile measuring equipment. The phasic skin-resistance activities of anesthetized parts were compared with unanesthetized regions at the extremities. Considerable phasic skin-resistance activity was shown in both anesthetized and unanesthetized regions. The two measured signals were partly identical in time and amplitude behavior. Temperature signals served as additional indicators of the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. To explain the results, an interpretation is proposed: the phasic components of the sympathetic activity can still exist and be measured below a nerve block - even if the tonic component of the sympathetic activity below this block is strongly reduced or vanishes, which is indicated by an increase in the surface temperature of the skin, as observed. This theory also holds regarding measurements of a patient who underwent a sympathectomy. Total lack of tonic and phasic components of sympathetic activity can be observed only under a high spinal analgesia (T3) or intubation anesthesia.

Adult↗

PubMed1979

[Spinal anaesthesia using bupivacain--clinical experience of more than 6000 cases (author's transl)].

The following report of our experience using isobaric Bupivacaine 0.5% in 6,228 operations (intrathecal technique) will consider the intra operative period. In 55.8% of cases the lower extremities were operated upon and in 44.2% the lower abdomen. In 1,487 cases (23.9%) side effects/complications were evident and a classification of such is as follows: anaesthetic technique 5.29%, cardiorespiratory 15.69%, operator/operative technique 6.13%. The percentage remained relatively constant irrespective of age but a higher pre op risk classification (A.S.A. System) resulted in a marked increase in the above figures. The principal side effects encountered were as follows: Bradycardia 7.5%, hypotonia 6.3%, insufficient analgesia 3.9%, extrasystoles 2.9%. Grave complications occured in 0.15% and within this group 4 patients died intraoperatively; a relationship with the mode of anaesthesia has not been proven.

Aged↗

PubMed1979

[Postspinal headache -- a clinical problem (author's transl)].

A prospective study was made in 255 patients following spinal anaesthesia to detect the incidence of post operative headache, reference also being made to the size of needle used for lumbar puncture. There was a difference in the frequency of headache related to the size of needle used (9.7% with 22 gauge needle as against 6.7% with 25 gauge needle). Also the value of prophylaxis of headache by means of an epidural blood patch was shown (1.3%). Age also played a role, the older the patient, the less the risk of headache. The social class of the patient played no role at all.

Age Factors↗