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Biomedical subjects

A G White

Publications and source records attributed to A G White.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Reducing disruptive behaviors of elementary physical education students with sit and watch.

This study reduced the disruptive behaviors of students in two elementary physical education classes: a regular fourth-grade class comprised of 30 students and an alternative education class containing 14 fourth- and fifth-grade boys with severe behavior problems. Using a multiple baseline design, we introduced a modified time-out procedure called "Sit and Watch." The procedure reduced the frequency of disruptive behaviors by 95%. Sit and Watch proved to be socially acceptable to parents, school personnel, and the physical education teacher.

Aggression↗
PubMed1989

Lymphocyte activation: changes in intracellular adenosine triphosphate and deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis.

Stimulation of human lymphocytes from 20 individuals with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) for 60 min resulted in a fall in intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) of 35% compared to unstimulated controls of 19% (p less than 0.001). There was a significant (p less than 0.01) correlation (r = 0.57) between ATP decrease at 60 min and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis at 72 h in PHA-stimulated cells. The technique described here is simple, rapid and has possible application in immunodiagnosis and immunologic monitoring.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1988

A six year experience with recurrent infection and immunodeficiency in children in Kuwait.

Sixty-five Arab children in Kuwait with recurrent infections were subjected to laboratory investigations to determine their immune function. Twenty (31%) of these children were found to have a primary immunodeficiency syndrome, 36 patients (55%) had laboratory abnormalities but could not be classified, three patients (5%) had other well defined diseases responsible for their laboratory defect, and six patients (9%) had normal laboratory values. The most common infection site was the upper respiratory tract or chest, and the most frequent organisms isolated were Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella sp. in patients in whom detailed information was available, 70% had a family history of similar disease and 68% had consanguinous parents. These children represent only a fraction of those that should be investigated and it is recommended that a referral center for the investigation of children with recurrent infection be established.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1987

Autosomal recessive nonsyndromal microcephaly with normal intelligence.

Autosomal recessive microcephaly is usually associated with moderate to severe mental retardation. An apparently new autosomal recessive disorder comprising a characteristic facial appearance associated with microcephaly and normal intelligence, immunodeficiency, and increased risk for lymphoreticular malignancies has been described recently. We report on a large Arab kindred with frequent consanguineous marriages and eight cases in five sibships with microcephaly, peculiar facies, and normal intelligence. Of these cases, two died of an acute lymphoreticular malignancy or bronchopneumonia. Immunological and chromosomal studies carried out for the three affected living sibs were normal. The existence of an autosomal recessive nonsyndromal variant of microcephaly with normal intelligence is proposed and discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Limiting factors in successful preservation of cadaveric kidneys with ischemia time exceeding 50 hours.

The results of 61 cadaveric allografts preserved for 30 to 76 hours were analyzed to determine the effect of cold ischemia time, the method of preservation, and the type of immunosuppression on early graft viability and long-term graft survival. Preservation in cold storage up to 50 hours gave a low incidence of nonfunction (4%) and of posttransplant dialysis (20%) and a high rate of function both at 1 month (96%) and at 2 years (60%). Cold ischemia time greater than 50 hours caused a significantly increased need for dialysis (58%) but without appreciable difference in graft function at 1 month or at 2 years. Preservation by machine had no advantage over preservation by simple cold storage when the cold ischemia time was less than 50 hours. When cold ischemia time exceeded 50 hours, machine preservation was associated with a significantly reduced incidence of posttransplant dialysis but without significant differences in long-term function at 2 years. With up to 50 hours of cold ischemia and providing there was no ATN, CsA had little nephrotoxicity and gave excellent graft function at 1 month and at 2 years. However, the nephrotoxicity of CsA was markedly increased when the preservation interval exceeded 50 hours, resulting in a significantly increased rate of primary nonfunction and the need for dialysis with a significant decrease in graft function at 1 month and at 2 years. The nephrotoxicity of CsA was considerably decreased or eliminated without affecting its powerful immunosuppressive property when initial immunosuppression was begun with azathioprine with sequential conversion to CsA when graft function was fully established. It is recommended that when cold ischemia is long or when there is ATN, CsA should be used as a sequential therapy to azathioprine after graft diuresis or, alternatively, in much smaller doses as part of a combination therapy with azathioprine.

Azathioprine↗