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Biomedical subjects

A G Sanders

Publications and source records attributed to A G Sanders.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Reconstruction of occupational mercury exposures at a chloralkali plant.

OBJECTIVE: To reconstruct historical workplace exposure to mercury (Hg) from 1956 to 1994 at a large chloralkali factory for use in a current epidemiology study of the factory. METHODS: All job activities of the employees were classified into one of 16 exposure categories, and the dates of changes in the processes were identified. Exposures to Hg for each job category, at each period of the plant's operation, were then reconstructed from several data sources. A job-time period-exposure matrix was created, and the individual exposures of former workers were calculated. Data on exposure to Hg in air were compared with modelled concentrations of Hg in air and data on urinary Hg of the employees. RESULTS: Within an exposure category, concentrations of Hg in air were fairly constant for the first 20 years of the factory's operation, but began to increase in the late 1970s. Employees working in the cell room had the greatest exposures to Hg. The exposure estimates had significant correlations (p<0.001) with the urinary data and were well within the modelled range of concentrations of Hg in air. CONCLUSIONS: The highest exposures occurred from 1987 until the plant closed in early 1994 with some exposure categories having time weighted average exposures to Hg greater than 140 microg/m(3).

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1984

A utilization review of digoxin assays: sampling patterns and use.

A review of digoxin assay utilization concurrent with patient hospitalization was conducted at the University of Texas Medical Branch. An interdepartmental committee of clinicians adapted audit criteria for the collection and use of digoxin assays. This included rational indications, correct performance (i.e., collection and processing of serum sample) and appropriate dose adjustment. The charts of all patients receiving digoxin were examined daily, whether or not the physician had ordered a drug assay. Contributory data were collected and analyzed, including serum electrolyte concentrations, arterial blood gases, renal function tests, vital signs, physician assessments, and other information relating to pertinent and concomitant diseases or drug therapy. The 2-month review included 104 hospital inpatients who received 245 evaluations. Only 38.4% of the evaluations were determined to be compliant with all criteria. When the audit categories of rational indication, correct performance, and appropriate dosage adjustment were evaluated independently, compliance rates were 66%, 73% and 86%, respectively. In 108 cases (52%), the physicians provided inadequate instructions in their request for the digoxin assay to insure proper collection time by the phlebotomist. Approximately 94% of all assay results were verbally communicated to the physician or returned to the patients' charts for use in patient management within a minimum of 24 hours. Hospital laboratory charges for unnecessary, incorrectly performed, or inappropriately used digoxin assays were estimated to exceed $100,900 annually. The audit was used to demonstrate the need for changes in hospital procedures and house staff training. A collaborative pharmacokinetics service was organized with reimbursement accomplished through the physician billing charge.

Digoxin↗