A thermoluminescent (TL) glow peak has been shown to exist at 80 degrees C in synthetic hydroxyapatite, in amorphous calcium phosphate, and in deproteinated rat bone mineral. This TL glow peak is excited by a thermal pretreatment at elevated temperature, followed by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. When measured on a cylic TL-readout UV-exposure basis after an original thermal pretreatment, the intensity of this 85 degrees C glow peak displays a logarithmic decay curve characteristic of a transfer thermoluminescence process: A deep trap is activated during the annealing process, and the subsequent UV exposure causes charge transfer to the 85 degrees C glow peak, as is verified using electron spin resonance. Exposure to the atmosphere appears to decrease the TL intensity levels, presumably due to water adsorption; vacuum drying and additional thermal pretreatment reverse this effect on the TL intensities. TL measurements are applied to the comparison of bone mineral samples of varying age. Increases in overall TL intensity are demonstrated between a four-week old normal rat group and eight- and fourteen-week-old normal rat groupings. The TL intensity is also increased by metabolic disorder which causes changes in bone mineral chemistry and crystallography.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A typology of mother-daughter relationship patterns for young adult women and their mothers.

Qualitative and quantitative methods were used in this study of developmental themes in the context of the mother-daughter relationship. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 60 women, aged 23-42 years. A rating guide for individuation was developed for content analysis of interview material. The dimensions of the rating guide included (1) psychological autonomy from family of origin, (2) empathy, (3) tolerance of ambiguity, and (4) maintenance of self-esteem. Cluster analysis was employed to assign women with similar individuation profiles into five groups. A typology was constructed that represents styles of mother-daughter interaction. The study findings suggest that typological differences based on individuation themes can be used to describe overall patterns of the mother-daughter relationship over time. These patterns provide a useful context in which to study mother-daughter interactions through the life span.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A clinical evaluation of the Ligmaject periodontal ligament injection syringe.

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Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A validation study: simulations as a measure of nurse practitioners' problem-solving skills.

A national sample of 79 masters- and certificate-prepared family and adult nurse practitioners completed six instruments designed to validate one type of clinical simulation, patient management problems (PMPs). The instruments were: a self-chart audit, self-evaluation rating scale, colleague evaluation rating scale, multiple-choice examination. PMP simulation, and demographic questionnaire. Use of a multitrait-multimethod correlation matrix, a multivariate analysis of covariance, and a stepwise multiple regression analysis provided modest evidence to support the claim that the PMP simulation is a valid measure of the construct clinical problem solving. In fact, a multiple-choice examination appeared to be an equal, if not superior, instrument.

Clinical Competence↗