[Aelurostrongylus pottoi n. sp., parasitic metastrongylid of primates. Remarks on affinities between the Nematoda of Carnivora, Insectivora and Lemuridae].
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Biomedical subjects
A G Chabaud
Publications and source records attributed to A G Chabaud.
[Nematodes of potamocherids of Madagascar].
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Animals↗
[Tentative classification of the nematodes Trichostrongyloidea (author's transl)].
Taking into consideration the evolution of different characters, and mainly the evolutionary pattern of the "synlophe", we propose to divide the Trichostrongyloidea into 8 families: Ollulanidae, Dictyocaulidae, Strongylacanthidae, Amidostomatidae, Molineidae, Heligmosomidae, Heligmonellidae and Trichostrongylidae.
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[Redescription of Galeiceps cucullus (Linstow 1899) and remarks on osmo-regulation in anisakid nematodes].
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Animals↗
[Three new species of Onchocerca from duikers in Gabon (author's transl)].
The duikers from Makokou (Gabon) are parasitized by many species of Onchocerca but the adults are very often occult and can only be discovered by a systematical search. Three new species are described: O. sonini n.sp. in the feet-tendons, and O. lerouxi n.sp. in the muscular aponevrosis of the trunk of C. nigrifrons; O. beaveri n.sp. in the ligaments of the atlas-occipital articulation of C. monticola. Although their external appearance differs, these three species belong to a single group, which, from an evolutionary point of view, is intermediate between the more primitive Onchocerca of Equiids and those more evolved from other animals.
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[Onchocerca sweetae occurring in the buffalo in Thailand (author's transl)].
The intradermal Onchocerca from Bubalus bubalis of Thailand is the same as that which was described as O. sweetae from intradermal nodules in B. bubalis from Australia. This identification suggests there has been no speciation between the parasites of Australian and Asiatic Buffaloes. The taxon O. indica Sweet 1915 consists of two distinct species; one in perimuscular nodules of Bos indicus is most probably O. gibsoni (and thus, the species O. indica, based essentially on the description of this material, should fall in synonymy); the other in intradermal nodules of B. bubalis does not differ from O. sweetae. To confirm the distinction between O. cebei, a parasite in the same host from Hanoï, and O. sweetae, it must be demonstrated that the presence or absence of clearly precloacal papillae is a valid character for separating these species.
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[Studies on the Echinonematinae (Nematoda)].
Complementary data on the Echinonematinae have been obtained by study of "The Australian Helminth Collection, formerly the Univeristy of Adelaide, Department of Zoology Helminth Collection, currently housed in the South Australial Museum", and by a morphological and biological study of new material. The Echinonematinae actually known are the following: -- Seurechina chaneeti n. gen., n. sp., parasite of Dasyurus hallucatus (West Australia) does not have large cephalic hooks but about 50 rings of spines covering the anterior fifth of the body. -- Inglechina australis (Inglis and Mawson, 1967) n. gen., n. comb., a parasite of Sminthopsis crassicaudata (South Australia) has 3 rings of large cephalic hooks, but no special cuticular structures in the cervical region. -- Echinonema v. Linstow, 1898, is a parasite of Dasyuridae and Peramelidae. The head bears 3 rings of large hooks and the cervical region about 15 rings of hooks of medium size. The females are monodelphic. -- E. edmondsi n. sp. from Dasyurus hallucatus (Northern Territory) has a long oesophagus and cephalic hooks of the first circle longer than those of the second one. -- E. cinctum von Linstow, 1898, from Isoodon macarourus (N.E. of Australia) has a long oesophagus and cephalic hooks of the second circle longer than those of the first one. -- E. meridionalis n. sp., from Isoodon obesulus (S.E. of Australia) has a short oesophagus and precloacal spines in males. -- E. inglisi n. sp. (= E. cinctum sensu Inglis, 1967), from Isoodon obesulus (Western Australia) has a short oesophagus and no precloacal spines in males. -- E. spp.: the different shapes of the tail in males are illustrated for E. sp. from Perameles and for E. sp. from Isoodon of Tasmania. -- E. cinctum developed experimentally in the Orthoptera Locusta migratoria. The cellular reactions (simple haemocytic capsule) and the morphology of the infective stage are primitive and seem to be intermediate between the Subuluroid and Seuratoid types. The Echinonematinae are interpreted as having been derived from ancestors close to Seuratum (parasite of bats), which adapted to a particular group of Australian marsupials ad evolved a characteristic structure for attachment to host tissues. However they have retained a primitive biology.
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[Uncinaria (Megadeirides) olseni n. sp., Nematode with archaical morphological characters, parasite of a Tupaia from Borneo (author's transl)].
The species is closely related to U. bauchoti parasite of malagasian Tenrecoidea (sub-genus Megadeirides). The two species may be considered as a link with the primitive sub-family Globocephalinae. The genus Uncinaria itself is considered as an archaic group, which could be at the origin of Uncinariinae-Ancylostomatinae.
Ancylostomatoidea↗
[Different types of gametocytes in mammal's Haemosporidia. Correlations with the morphology of the tissue schizonts. Hypothesis on the evolution of the group (author's transl)].
The Haemosporidia of Mammals are classified in 3 groups according to the morphology of the gametocytes: 1) group "vivax" with Hepatocystis and several species of Plasmodium; 2) group "malariae" with Nycteria and a second group of Plasmodium; 3) group "falciparum" with only Plasmodium. In each group there is a correlation between the morphology of the gametocytes and that of the exo-erythrocytic schizonts. Through discussing the host-range and comparing the life cycles of Haemosporidia in Birds, Reptiles and Mammals, we suggest a hypothesis of the polyphyletism of Plasmodium of Mammals.
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[Dipetalonema lineage. New attempt at classification].
Through comparing the morphological evolution to the host range and the geographical distribution we can suggest Dipetalonema sensu-largo may be interpreted as a gondwanian lineage which may have evolved after the three main austral continents drifted apart. Therefore, we propose the following systematic splitting: --Sprattia n.gen., type species: S. venacavincola parasite of Australian Marsupials, which may be related to Litomosa; --Breinlia Yorke and Maplestone, 1926, and Breinlia (Johnstonema) (Yeh, 1957), parasite of Australian Marsupials; --Skrjabinofilaria (Travassos, 1925), parasite of American Marsupials; --Macdonaldius (Khanna, 1933), parasite of American Reptiles; --Dipetalonema (Orihelia) n.sub. gen., type species: D. (O.) anticlava, parasite of Dasypodidae; --Dipetalonema (Acanthocheilonema) (Cobbold, 1870), parasite of Insectivora, Carnivora, Pinnipedia, sometimes Rodents; --Dipetalonema (Molinema) (Freitas and Lent, 1939), parasite of Caviomorpha and Beavers; --Dipetalonema (Loxodontofilaria) (Berghe and Gillain, 1939), parasite of Ethiopian Ungulates; --Dipetalonema (Chenofilaria) (Kou, 1958), parasite of Asiatic Pholidota and Australian Marsupials; --Dipetalonema (Dipetalonema) (Diesing, 1861), parasite of American Primates; --Monanema Anteson, 1968, parasite of Rodents other than Cariomorpha; --Ackertia (Vaz, 1934), parasite of Caviomorpha; --Tetrapetalonema (Sandnema) n.sub.gen., type species: T. (S.) digitata, parasite of Asiatic Insectivora and Primates; --Tetrapetalonema (Tetrapetalonema) (Faust, 1935), parasite of Tupaidae, Platyrhinii, and, sometimes, American Rodents and Carnivora; --Tetrapetalonema (Esslingeria) n. sub.gen., type species: T. (E.) perstans, parasite of African African Anthropoidea and Humans; --Filarissima (Chabaud, 1974), parasite of Caviomorpha.
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