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Biomedical subjects

A Fukuda

Publications and source records attributed to A Fukuda.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

New metabolites of Fusarium martii related to dihydrofusarubin.

Six strains of Fusarium martii produced fusarubin and dihydrofusarubins A and B. Further examination of strains, T-77 and T-127, showed that four additional metabolites were produced. By 1H and 13C NMR spectral analyses, these additional metabolites have been identified as 3-O-methyl and 3-O-ethyl ethers of fusarubin and dihydrofusarubin A. The methyl ethers are new compounds and showed moderate cytostatic activity against mouse leukemia L1210 culture cells as well as moderate antibiotic activity against leukemia L1210 culture cells as well as moderate antibiotic activity against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. 3-O-Methyl and 3-O-ethyl ethers of dihydrofusarubin A were converted non-enzymically to the respective ethers of fusarubin under alkaline conditions. Since in addition, only dihydrofusarubin derivatives were formed when an acidic pH was maintained in the culture, it can be concluded that only these are true metabolites of Fusarium martii.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Characterization of carcinoembryonic antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies and specific carcinoembryonic antigen assay in sera of patients.

Six murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reactive with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were prepared. Four of these, CA204, CA205, CA206 and CA208, were specific to purified CEA whereas the other two, NA201 and NA203, were also reactive with the non-specific cross-reacting antigen (NCA). These mAbs were all IgG1, except one IgG2a (CA206), with high affinities for CEA. NA203, CA204 and CA208 appear to define three different epitopes on the CEA molecule as determined by competitive binding assay. These mAbs also reacted with CEA-producing cells. The treatment of the cells with tunicamycin did not affect the binding of the mAbs to CEA-producing cells. None of the above mAbs bound to CEA-related antigens, NCA-2, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, or blood group antigens. The combination of CA208 (solid phase) and CA204 (tracer) was used to construct a sensitive CEA-specific sandwich ELISA to detect CEA in the sera of patients with various malignant and non-malignant diseases. Particularly when CEA values were low in sera from non-cancerous patients, the above mAbs sandwich assay showed reduced background reactivity with NCA-like substances and permitted the detection of CEA at a level as low as 1 ng/ml.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Monoclonal antibodies with fine specificities distinguishing alpha-fetoproteins of hepatoma and yolk sac tumor origin.

Monoclonal antibodies with fine specificities distinguishing alpha-fetoproteins of hepatoma (HEP-AFP) and yolk sac tumor (YST-AFP) origin have been obtained. These murine antibodies were produced by hybridomas made by fusion of X63-Ag8.653 myeloma cells with BALB/c spleen cells immunized with either HEP-AFP or YST-AFP and selected for their differential association with these antigens on the basis of Scatchard plot analysis. Three monoclonals (MA120, MA132 and MA136) selectively reacted with HEP-AFP. Their reactivity with YST-AFP was low. One monoclonal (MA122) reacted strongly with YST-AFP, whereas the reaction with HEP-AFP was significantly less strong. The difference in the association constants of these antibodies for the two AFPs appeared to be due to their specificity for the carbohydrate portions of the AFPs, which are different, at least in part. Indirect immunoperoxidase staining confirmed that MA122 was able to stain sections of an infantile embryonal carcinoma, but not of hepatoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Inhibition of sperm penetration through human zona pellucida by antisperm antibodies.

An in vitro penetration test using human spermatozoa, sera, and eggs stored in a highly concentrated salt solution was designed for examination of the effect of antisperm antibodies on the process of fertilization. Spermatozoa from a healthy fertile donor incubated in modified Biggers, Whiiten and Whittingham (BWW) medium containing 7.5% antisperm-antibody-negative serum, could penetrate through the zonae pellucidae of the stored eggs, but not when the spermatozoa from the same donor had been incubated in modified BWW medium containing 7.5% antisperm-antibody-positive serum. After the antisperm-antibody-positive serum was absorbed with washed spermatozoa, the sperm penetration was not blocked. Therefore, antisperm antibodies appear to block human sperm penetration through the human zona pellucida.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Characterization of major structural proteins of measles virus with monoclonal antibodies.

We have prepared and characterized monoclonal antibodies against five major structural proteins, i.e. the HA, P, NP, F and M proteins, of measles virus. At least three non-overlapping antigenic sites were delineated on the HA protein, three on the P, four on the NP, four on the F and five on the M proteins by competitive binding assays. Antigenic sites on the HA and F proteins roughly represented functional domains defined by serological tests. The reactivity of monoclonal antibodies with various measles virus strains including those from subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and other members of the morbillivirus family was studied by immunofluorescence. A monoclonal antibody or set of monoclonal antibodies to each of the antigenic sites showed a characteristic pattern of cross-reactivity with heterologous strains. The HA and NP proteins were antigenically the most variable, followed by the F and M proteins, while the P protein was relatively stable. None of the 14 anti-M monoclonal antibodies reacted with non-virus-producing SSPE cells, strongly suggesting the absence of M protein in these cells.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Moyamoya-like diseases associated with ventricular hemorrhages: report of three cases.

Three rare cases of moyamoya-like diseases with moyamoya type vessels caused by spontaneous internal carotid artery occlusion, spontaneous middle cerebral artery occlusion, and internal carotid artery occlusion due to cervical irradiation are presented. They resulted in ventricular hemorrhages. One patient died and two survived. Postoperatively, the collateral circulation of the survivors was evaluated by single photon emission tomography using N-isopropyl-[123I]-p-iodoamphetamine. The effectiveness of reconstructive surgery is shown, and moyamoya-like diseases that have been reported are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Characterization of stable Epstein-Barr (EB) virus transformed cell lines and mouse-human hybridomas producing a large quantity of anti-tetanus toxoid (TT) monoclonal antibody.

Antigen-specific human monoclonal antibodies (hMoAb) were investigated with particular emphasis on the stability and scale-up of production. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from a healthy donor previously vaccinated with tetanus toxoid (TT) were resensitized in vitro with the antigen in the presence of pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Three days after the stimulation, lymphocytes were infected with Epstein-Barr (EB) virus. Among EB virus transformants, several lymphoblastoid cell clones producing anti-TT hMoAb were established. One of these clones, 3G6, produced about 10 micrograms/ml of IgM (K) in the culture supernatant. Furthermore, 3G6 cells were fused with murine myeloma cells (X63-Ag8 X 653) and three heterogeneous hybridoma clones (HE719, HE810 and HE811) were obtained after careful hybrid selection in hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine-ouabain containing medium and cloning by limiting dilution technique. These hybrid clones contained human HLA and mouse H-2d antigens together with mouse-human mixed karyotype. When these mouse-human hybridomas were injected i.p. into pristane-treated nude mice of BALB/c origin, ascites were found and a large amount of anti-TT hMoAb up to 0.5 mg/ml were produced there. These hybridomas have retained their anti-TT antibody-producing capabilities over 10 months. The approach described here has a potential application for the production of other antigen-specific hMoAb.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The effect of prophylactic heparinization on DIC arising from transitory circulatory arrest in dogs.

To evaluate the beneficial effect of heparin administration on the prevention of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) which appears following circulatory arrest, experimental studies were carried out with one group of dogs during circulatory arrest (control group) and compared to a group of dogs that received heparinization (heparinized group) soon after termination of circulatory arrest. Dogs of the control group were subjected to transitory circulatory arrest with occlusion balloons in the aorta and the femoral vein for a period of 8 minutes and allowed to recover without further treatment. Dogs of the heparinized group were given continuous infusions of 20 units/kg/hour of heparin as soon as circulatory arrest was started. The control group developed DIC 5 hours after circulatory arrest; however, the heparinized group demonstrated reduced platelet counts and low levels of antithrombin III (AT-III) 2 to 3 hours subsequently to circulatory arrest, but these changes were not serious, and normal levels of platelet count and AT-III were restored rapidly thereafter. Prophylactic heparin therapy is, accordingly, recommended as a useful measure of preventing the occurrence of DIC in circulatory arrest and the subsequent detrimental consequences.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Disturbance of the coagulatory system in patients with head injury in acute phase].

The coagulation and fibrinolytic function of 100 cases (male 75, female 25) of trauma limited to the head was evaluated in acute phase. The coagulation and fibrinolytic function was evaluated by 6 parameters, consisting of platelet counts, PT, APTT, fibrinogen, serum FDP, and protamine sulfate test. Head injury was categorized into 5 groups according to CT findings: subdural hematoma (SDH: 13 cases), cerebral contusion (CC: 46 cases), epidural hematoma (EDH: 21 cases), skull fracture only (Fr: 14 cases), and cerebral concussion (Co: 6 cases). The results were as follows, in 19 dead cases, severe coagulopathy was observed. In intracerebral injury group (SDH + CC), serum FDP level was markedly elevated. The incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) following head injury was 24% (in dead cases 73.7% in survival cases 12.3%) of all cases, and mortality of cases with DIC was exceedingly high (58.3%). In 14 dead cases with DIC, the patients did not recover from DIC, and their mean survival time was only 89.2 hours. In 10 survival cases with DIC, the patients recovered from DIC. APTT was the most important to estimate the mortality of head injury. Thus, the evaluation of coagulation and fibrinolytic function in head injury in acute phase is not only important to know the occurrence of DIC, but also useful to predict the severity and prognosis of head injury.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Identification in rat atrial tissue of multiple forms of natriuretic polypeptides of about 3,000 daltons.

Rat atrial natriuretic peptides of relatively low molecular weight have been isolated from the alpha-component of rectum relaxant activity corresponding to about 3,000 daltons, which was obtained as a side fraction in our previous isolation of beta-rat atrial natriuretic polypeptide (beta- rANP ). In contrast to the same fraction from human atria, the rat atrial alpha-component was found to contain six or more distinct but related peptides, eliciting a potent natriuretic activity. Six of them (B-II, C, D, E, B-I and A), containing 35, 33, 32, 31, 28 and 25 amino acid residues, respectively, have been purified to homogeneity and sequenced. All these peptides were found to correspond to the C-terminal sequence of beta- rANP composed of 48 residues, with varying N-terminal elongations. This indicates that these peptides are derived from beta- rANP . Peptide B-I, composed of 28 residues, is identical to alpha-human atrial polypeptide(alpha- hANP ), with a single replacement of Ile for Met at position 12.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1984

Purification and complete amino acid sequence of beta-rat atrial natriuretic polypeptide (beta-rANP) of 5,000 daltons.

A survey for natriuretic factors in rat atrial extract was performed by the aid of a simple assay for the relaxant effect on the contractility of chick rectum, in a manner similar to our previous purification of alpha-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide (alpha-hANP). Three distinct components (alpha, beta and gamma) of a potent relaxant activity with varying molecular weights, were found in the chromatographic regions of a crude extract. From the beta-component of rectum activity corresponding to about 5,000 daltons, a 48-amino acid peptide has been purified to homogeneity and found to elicit a potent natriuretic activity, when injected into the assay rats. Accordingly, the peptide was designated as "beta-rat atrial natriuretic polypeptide (beta-rANP)". The complete amino acid sequence of the peptide has been determined by microsequencing the S-carboxymethylated beta-rANP and its tryptic peptides.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1984

Neuromedin L: a novel mammalian tachykinin identified in porcine spinal cord.

A novel mammalian tachykinin, designated "neuromedin L", has been isolated from porcine spinal cord by using bioassay for a tachykinin-like effect on contractility of smooth muscle preparation from guinea pig ileum. By microsequencing, the peptide has been determined to be His-Lys-Thr-Asp-Ser-Phe-Val-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2. This structure has been confirmed by synthesis. Neuromedin L is found to elicit a prompt stimulant activity on guinea pig ileum in a manner similar to that of substance P, and to have remarkable sequence homology to kassinin as well as neuromedin K, which we have recently identified as a mammalian tachykinin. These facts suggest that neuromedin L may participate in neural transmission in the same manner as other members of the mammalian tachykinin family, such as substance P and neuromedin K.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1984

Application of fibrin glue to burns. Its haemostatic and skin transplant fixation effects in the excised wound.

Fibrin glue was clinically applied to the excised wound in 10 extensively burned patients, and its haemostatic and fixation effects on the isolated skin transplants were investigated. The following advantages resulted from the application of the fibrin glue: The haemostatic procedures and fixation of the isolated skin transplants were simplified. The quick and efficient haemostatic procedures considerably reduced the blood transfusion volume during and after the surgical procedures, by achieving a notable reduction in blood loss. Based on the above merits, the operation time was reduced and, eventually, the surgical stress might be alleviated. Satisfactory haemostatic effects were attained particularly in the limbs without supplemental haemostatic aids, leading us to conclude that the application of fibrin glue to the excised wound in burns is very useful.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Alteration in penicillin-binding patterns during cell cycle of Caulobacter crescentus.

Alteration in penicillin-binding patterns during asymmetrical cell division in the cell cycle of Caulobacter crescentus was examined. Most penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) were turned over slowly, and their penicillin-binding patterns did not alter appreciably during the cell cycle. One of the PBPs, PBP S2 in the soluble fraction, however, was turned over quickly and was detected only in swarmer cells, suggesting that PBP S2 is synthesized in swarmer cells and turned over and/or inactivated in the following stalked cell cycle.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1984

Human atrial natriuretic polypeptides (hANP): purification, structure synthesis and biological activity.

In the present survey for natriuretic factors in human atrial extract, conducted by using in vitro assay for the relaxant activity of chick rectum, three distinct human atrial natriuretic polypeptides (hANP) (alpha-, beta- and gamma-hANP), differing in molecular weight (alpha, 3000; beta, 6000, gamma, 13 000 daltons) have been purified and sequenced. gamma-hANP, of 13 000 daltons, has been identified as a 126-residue peptide which carries the whole sequence of alpha-hANP of 28-amino acids at the C-terminus, while beta-hANP has been proved to be an antiparallel dimeric form of alpha-hANP. Synthetic alpha-hANP at a dose of 0.2 nmol induces diuresis and natriuresis as well as hypotension, when injected into assay rats [1]. Natriuretic activity of beta- and gamma-hANP was estimated to be about one-fifth or less on molar base than that of alpha-hANP.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1983

Neuromedin K: a novel mammalian tachykinin identified in porcine spinal cord.

A new peptide, designated "neuromedin K" has been discovered and isolated from porcine spinal cord by using bioassays for a tachykinin-like effect on the contractility of smooth muscle preparation from guinea-pig ileum. Porcine neuromedin K has been identified by microsequencing as: Asp-Met-His-Asp-Phe-Phe-Val-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2. The sequence thus determined has been confirmed by synthesis. Neuromedin K has been found to have not only a remarkable sequence homology to kassinin and substance P, but also a prompt stimulant activity on guinea-pig ileum in a manner similar to that of substance P, suggesting that neuromedin K may be involved in neural transmission.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1983

Suppression of afferent activity of the hepatic vagus nerve by anomers of D-glucose.

Afferent discharges were recorded from the nerve filaments dissected from the hepatic branch of the vagus nerve in the guinea pig. Recordings were made in isolated and perfused liver preparations and in vivo to study the effect of alpha and beta anomers of D-glucose on the afferent discharge rate. Infusions of these anomers (30 mg or 50 mg dissolved in 10 ml glucose-free Ringer solution) into the portal vein in perfused liver preparations and intraportal injections of these anomers (50 mg/kg dissolved in 0.2 ml saline) in vivo partially suppressed the afferent activity. However, the effect of suppression by the beta anomer was stronger than that of the alpha anomer. Results indicate the existence of anomeric stereospecificity of D-glucose action to the hepatic "glucose sensors."

Afferent Pathways↗