[Subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema after easy orotracheal intubation].
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Female↗
Biomedical subjects
A Fuentes
Publications and source records attributed to A Fuentes.
Calcitriol oral pulse therapy in children with renal osteodystrophy.
A 6-month protocol of oral pulse calcitriol was used in nine uraemic children (2-14 years old) on dialysis who presented with renal osteodystrophy. Calcitriol was administered twice a week, 4 micrograms per dose for patients over 30 kg and 3 micrograms for patients less than 30 kg. Plasma levels of parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase were carefully controlled during the study. Parathyroid hormone levels decreased by 68% and 56% by the 2nd and 6th months of treatment in seven patients, while they remained unchanged in two patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and massive proteinuria. Eight hypercalcaemic episodes from 77 determinations were observed, all of them recovered after 1 week of vitamin D withdrawal. We conclude that oral calcitriol pulse therapy is a good alternative for renal osteodystrophy in uraemic children. Careful monitoring of plasma parathyroid hormone and calcium is needed during follow-up when using this approach in paediatric patients.
Administration, Oral↗
The effect of magnesium sulfate on bleeding time in pregnancy.
OBJECTIVE: The bleeding time is one of the most commonly used diagnostic tests to evaluate platelet-related hemorrhagic disorders. Magnesium has been shown in vitro to be a platelet antiaggregant. This study was conducted to evaluate the hypothesis that magnesium sulfate has no effect on the template bleeding time. STUDY DESIGN: The study group consisted of 24 women who required magnesium sulfate in pregnancy. A blood cell count, platelet count, magnesium level, bleeding time, and mean arterial pressure were obtained before and 2 hours after magnesium sulfate infusion. Magnesium sulfate was infused beginning with a 6 gm intravenous bolus followed by 2 gm/hr. A template bleeding time was performed with a Simplate-II (Organon Teknika, Durham, N.C.) device. Two of the authors performed all the bleeding times. Data were analyzed with a paired t test and Wilcoxon rank test. RESULTS: Fifteen (63%) patients received magnesium sulfate for tocolysis or before external cephalic version and nine (37%) for preeclampsia prophylaxis. No differences were found between the normotensive and hypertensive groups regarding maternal age, gestational age, initial bleeding time, or platelet count. Analysis of the entire study group revealed a prolongation of the bleeding time after magnesium sulfate (5.7 +/- 1.8 vs 6.6 +/- 1.9 minutes, p < 0.05); a lowering of the mean arterial pressure (p < 0.05), and a rise in the magnesium level (p < 0.05). Four patients (16.7%) had a postmagnesium bleeding time > 9 minutes. CONCLUSION: Magnesium sulfate appears to prolong the bleeding time in pregnancy. The clinical significance remains to be determined.
Adult↗
Cervical assessment.
The relationship between the clinical state of the cervix and spontaneous onset of labor has long been known. The cervix can be characterized by evaluating five parameters: effacement, dilatation, firmness, position, and level of the presenting part. The relative associations between successful labor induction and these factors appears to vary, with the strongest correlation observed with cervical dilation, whereas the association with cervical station and position is less robust. By its nature, cervical examination is somewhat subjective, but the use of objective criteria and numerical scoring of this information has substantially reduced this source of error. The Bishop score and it variations have been used widely and accepted in clinical practice. Its advantage lies in its simplicity, reproducibility, and predictability in successful inductions. Although criticized for the equal weight given to each of the five elements, none of the modifications to the original score has been shown to improve predictability. Although the Bishop score was initially evaluated only in multiparous women, it has been extended to nulliparous women with an equal degree of predictive value. To date, the Bishop score remains as the best and simplest method available to determine the duration and safety of induced labor.
Cervix Uteri↗
Pion inelastic scattering to low-lying positive-parity states in 20Ne.
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Journal Article↗
Infant parking in the pig-tailed langur (Simias concolor).
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Aging↗
Infertility after 8 years of marriage: a pilot study.
With the objective of measuring the prevalence and duration of infertility in a developing country, a retrospective cross-sectional study was designed. The survey was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital Sn. Borja-Arriaran, Mother and Child Research Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, March-September 1990. The study population comprised 474 women 15-45 years old selected at random from the 11,289 weddings that took place in downtown Santiago, Chile, in 1982. The reproductive history for the preceding 8 years was obtained through home interviews with the women conducted by midwives. The main outcome measures were the prevalence and duration of infertility. The results in this sample showed a 7.04% (95% confidence interval 6.21-7.87) prevalence of infertility after 8 years of marriage with a mean duration of 23 months. It is concluded that after 8 years of marriage about one out of 25 women is infertile (4.01%). This identified a group of patients that would benefit from a programme of assisted reproductive technology.
Adolescent↗
Spontaneous rupture of a low transverse cesarean scar.
Uterine rupture occurs in less than 1% of pregnancies. The literature over the past several years confirms the safety of the low transverse uterine scar. We report a case of spontaneous rupture of a low transverse cesarean scar at 36 weeks' gestation, resulting in fetal death.
Adult↗
[Effect of different starch and dietary fiber of preparations levels on immediate and subsequent consumption in preschool children 24-48 months of age].
The aim of this study was to examine in preschool children the effects of different levels of starch and dietary fiber of a meal time on the immediate food and energy intake (in the same meal time) and in the following meal (subsequent intake). The study was performed in 50 children both genders, with ages ranging from 24 to 48 months, with normal nutritional status (weight/height index) according to the NCHS standards. The food intake was determined by differential weighing and energy intake was calculated from proximal analysis. In the lunch, several meals were offered differing in their starch and dietary fiber but with similar energy density (1 kcal/g). The results of the immediate consumption demonstrated that the two dietary treatments were significantly and the effect was a lower consumption of food and energy, while the starch an dietary lower consumption of food and energy, while the starch an dietary fiber levels increased. It was observed and interaction between both variables. The subsequent food and energy intake showed the same tendency that was observed in the immediate consumption but there was not an interaction between both variables. The lowest value of intake was showed by the children who consumed the meal with the highest level of starch and dietary fiber. When results of both meal times were combined, the same effects were demonstrated. The findings described have been not reported by others authors. A probable explanation for these results are the lower gastric emptying caused bu high levels of starch and dietary fiber and in the specific case of starch by its glycemic index.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Child, Preschool↗
Phase I trial of Taxotere: five-day schedule.
BACKGROUND: Taxotere, a semisynthetic compound structurally related to taxol, has a broad spectrum of activity in murine transplantable tumors; in the B16 melanoma model, it caused a total log cell kill 2.5 times greater than that caused by taxol at equitoxic doses. PURPOSE: We conducted a phase I study of Taxotere (a) to determine its qualitative and quantitative toxic effects and a starting dose for phase II trials, (b) to investigate its clinical pharmacology, and (c) to document its antitumor activity. METHODS: Taxotere was given as a 1-hour infusion at a starting dose of 1 mg/m2 per day for 5 consecutive days. The 5-day course of therapy was repeated every 21 days. Thirty-nine cancer patients with advanced disease were entered in the study; at least three patients were entered at each dose level. Initial dose escalations were planned at 100% increments until biologic activity was observed; subsequent escalations were planned at 50% increments until grade 2 toxicity (the National Cancer Institute's Common Toxicity Criteria) occurred and then at 25% increments until the maximum tolerated dose was established. RESULTS: Thirty-nine patients were entered in the study. Successive dose levels used were 1, 4, 8, 16, 12, and 14 mg/m2 per day. The dose-limiting toxic effects were granulocytopenia and concurrent mucositis. Grade 4 granulocytopenia associated with grade 3 mucositis developed in six of 12 patients treated at a dose of 16 mg/m2 per day, two of 10 treated at 12 mg/m2 per day, and two of eight treated at 14 mg/m2 per day. Because these toxic effects occurred concurrently, all patients so affected developed neutropenic fevers and required hospitalization. Neither cardiac nor neurologic toxic effects were noted. Anti-tumor activity was observed in six patients with ovarian cancer and in one with breast carcinoma. Although pharmacokinetic parameters were consistent between day 1 and day 5 for individual patients, considerable variation existed among those treated at the same dose level. A relationship was observed between the area under the curve for plasma concentration of drug x time (AUC) on day 1 and the percentage decrease in absolute granulocyte counts. CONCLUSION: Granulocytopenia associated with oral mucositis is the dose-limiting toxicity of this schedule. We recommended a starting dose of 14 mg/m2 per day for phase II studies of this 5-day schedule. Dose modifications on days 2-5 based on the day-1 AUC may allow individualized dosing.
Adult↗
[Hydronephrosis and urinary retention secondary to extrinsic compression by an ovarian cyst in a girl].
The indications for laparoscopy have increased markedly in the last few years. It is becoming necessary to define it's role and it's limits. Currently laparoscopy should only be used to treat ovarian tumors that are benign by clinical and ultrasonographic criteria. This case report describes a 12-year-old girl who presented with urinary retention and was found to have bilateral hydronephrosis and a ovarian cyst. She had no evidence of renal compromise and the cyst appeared benign by ultrasonographic criteria. The ovarian cyst appeared to be causing external bilateral ureteral compression. A laparoscopic cystectomy was performed with resolution of hydronephrosis. This case report helps illustrate the benefits and disadvantages of the laparoscopic approach to ovarian surgery.
Biopsy↗
[Microscopic innervation and vascularization of the tongue. General study].
Our study deals with 23 prenatal human tongues, and a comparative study was carried out on one neonatal tongue and a few human and animal postnatal tongues. Sagittal and coronal sections were stained with various techniques. After the 7th week, the development of the nerves and their relationships with the neighboring structures can be observed. There are very few capillaries making up the superficial vascular network under the epithelium. The vessels whose walls are beginning to develop include the future red blood cells with their basophilic nuclei. During the whole process of evolution, there is a tight correlation between the collagen fibers and the neighboring structures. The innervation and vascularization--the latter with changes in the vascular walls--progressively increase. A short time before birth, the nerve fibers include their characteristic components, except for the Schmidt-Lantermann fissures. A considerable innervation advances towards the papillae, and anterior and posterior nerve networks enter the papillae, whose connective tissue includes groups of corpuscles on serial sections.
Animals↗
[Effect of microsurgical resection of the ovary on fertility in patients with polycystic ovary resistant to clomiphene citrate].
Thirteen patients with clomiphene citrate resistant polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO-CR) were documented by clinical and endocrine profile. Exogenous gonadotropins (HMG, hFSH, hCG), or gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) plus gonadotropins represent a new approach to induce ovulation in these (PCO-CR) patients. 92% of these patients ovulated with exogenous gonadotropin, nevertheless the pregnancy rate was only 53%. Five out seven PCO-RC patients did not achieve pregnancy with exogenous gonadotrophins, but they did after ovarian wedge resection. It is interesting to note that four of these patients achieved their second and third pregnancy without any therapy. The authors conclude that the ovarian wedge resection may had to improve in the quality of ovulation in this very selective group of infertile patients.
Adult↗
[Fetal structures of the lower jaw. Anterior sections and the condyle].
The aim of this work was to provide a comparative analysis of the evolution of the symphyseal and condylar zones, as observed in human fetuses. The behavior of cartilage was studied in both these sectors. In the anterior and anterolateral zone of mandible, one is able to distinguish the symphyseal corridor, Meckel's cartilage and derivatives, together with the following ossifications; enchondral (Meckel's cartilage), juxtaparachondral (specific to mandible), and enchondral originating from secondary cartilage. Characteristics of the various layers are evidenced at the condylar level, as reflected by the distribution and significance of the columns crossing the cartilage. We have shown in our previous research works that these present the same structure and the same staining characteristics as the layers of vascularized connective tissue. The latter is tissue-generating and moves from meniscus-related regions.
Cartilage, Articular↗
Pion inelastic scattering to the low-lying broad 2+ in 20Ne.
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Journal Article↗
[Plasma estradiol levels as a predictive prognostic in the early pregnancy].
The authors studied the plasma estradiol (E2) levels as a predictive outcome of the early pregnancy. Weekly determinations of E2 levels were performed in 82 pregnant women during the first 10 weeks of pregnancy. Comparison between E2 levels were performed in the same patients by studying the slope of E2 profile. This slope was studied in 24 normal women during the first weeks of pregnancy (control group). The other 58 pregnant women were recluted from our infertility clinic. 14 of these pregnancy aborted (17%). The slope of the E2 curve in the aborted patients were significantly different than in the control group during the time studied (p 0.001). A positive increase in the slope of the E2 profile has predictive value of 91% in the outcome of normal early pregnancy. Nevertheless only a 66% predictive value was observed in the case of negative increase in the slope of the E2 curve.
Abortion, Spontaneous↗
[Embryology of the skin and the oral mucosa].
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Humans↗
[The mandibular condyle. The prenatal evolutionary process].
Fourteen prenatal maxillary condyles were studied from 66 to 305 mm. vertex-coxa, making slides with different orientation and using several staining techniques. The most significative characteristics were described in the different ages. The lining connective tissue increased its thickness but not change appreciably its structure. The mesenchymal layer, generating cells, maintained its character, but its columnar invaginations observed early were getting more tense as its age increased. The cartilage without typical isogeneic groups and few intercellular substance, decreased as substituted by osteoid trabeculae observing few osteoclasts. In the subchondral area, the difference between the columnar mesenchyma and haematogenous narrow was outstanding.
Gestational Age↗